Устные темы

Family

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

a good-looking woman fair hair. to look much younger slim by character talkative to keep house to take care of smb to be good at smth strong-willed broad-shouldered to be married to have much in common to have different views on smth to be fond of smth to have the same opinion about smth upbringing hard-working accountant scientist to go to a nursery- school to take after appearance regular features sociable to be sure relatives to be retired to be united to spend time together to go out of town

хорошо выглядящая женщина светлые волосы выглядеть намного моложе стройный по характеру разговорчивый вести домашнее хозяйство присматривать (ухаживать) за кем-то хорошо что-то делать волевой широкоплечий быть женатым иметь много общего иметь разные взгляды на что-либо увлекаться чем-то иметь то же самое мнение о чем-то воспитание трудолюбивый бухгалтер ученый посещать ясли быть похожим внешность правильные черты общительный быть уверенным родственники быть на пенсии быть сплоченным проводить время вместе выезжать загород

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

My Family

I want to tell you about my family. I have got a mother, a father, a sister and a brother, there are 5 of us in the family.

First of all I'll tell you some words about my parents. My mother is a teacher of biology. She likes her profession very much. She is a good-looking woman with fair hair. She is forty-five but she looks much younger. She is not tall but slim. By character my mother is energetic and talkative. My mother keeps house and takes care of us. She is good at cooking.

My father is a strong-willed man. My father is a broad-shouldered man with short black hair and grey eyes. He is forty-six. My father often sings and when we are at home and have free time I play the guitar and we sing together.

My parents have been married for twenty-six years. They have much in common, but they have different views on music, books, films and sports. For example, my father likes detective stories and my mother likes fantasy. My father is fond of sports. My parents have the same opinion about our education and upbringing. My parents are hard-working people.

My sister Helen is twenty-five. She is married and has a family of her own. She works as an accountant in a company. Her husband is a scientist. They have got a daughter and a son. They go to a nursery- school.

My brother Boris is eleven. Boris takes after his father in appearance and character. His face is long and thin. His features are regular. People find him sociable. He wants to be a pilot but he is not sure yet.

We have a lot of relatives. Our grandparents are retired. My aunts, uncles, cousins live in different parts of Russia. On holidays they often come to our place. Our family is very united. We like to spend time together. Sometimes we stay at home and watch TV or just talk, and on weekends we go out of town. We are always happy to be together, and I think that we are a friendly family.

Our University

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

to found to train a higher institute full-time extra-mural five-point scale a shift the course of studies an academic year a term a senior student research to take an exam in a state exam a credit test post-graduate student Doctor of science a teaching staff practical training general subjects on graduation a scientific adviser to receive a field to head a scientific circle hostel a publishing house a skiing lodge to provide an assembly hall

основать обучать, готовить вуз дневной, очный заочный пятибалльная шкала смена курс обучения учебный год семестр старшекурсник исследование сдавать экзамен по … государственный экзамен зачет аспирант кандидат наук штат преподавателей практические занятия общеобразовательные предметы по окончании научный руководитель получать область возглавлять научный кружок общежитие издательство лыжная база снабжать, обеспечивать актовый зал

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

Altai State Agrarian University

Altai State Agrarian University (ASAU) is one of the largest higher institutions of our country. It was founded in 1943. The University trains specialists for our agriculture. The university has several buildings. The main building is in Krasnoarmeisky Avenue.

There are two forms of training in the University: full-time and extra-mural. The course of studies lasts five years. Extra-mural students study six years. Classes begin in September and are over in June. Students study in 2 shifts. A student's work is given a mark on a five-point scale.

The academic year is divided in 2 terms. After a term students take exams and pass credit tests. After every session students have vacations in winter and in summer. Students also have their practical training on different farms in the Altai Territory. Students who study well get stipends.

The first- and second- year students study general subjects such as mathematics, physics, foreign languages and a number of others. The third- year students begin to concentrate on their special interests. Specialized study and courses help students to prepare for their future work.

A student's research work is a natural part of training. Leading scientists of the University work as scientific advisers. In the final year senior students write diploma papers and take state exams. On graduation students receive diplomas of specialists.

There is a post-graduate course in the University. Students may become post-graduate students and begin their researches in different fields of science. After some years of studies they may become Doctors of science.

The University has some faculties and institutes. For example: the Agronomy faculty, the Zooengineering faculty, the Faculty of Economics and Management, the Bookkeeping faculty, the Institute of Technics and Agroengineering Researches, the Institute of Nature Management, the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and the Center of Humanity Education.

The Rector heads the university. Every faculty is headed by the dean. Every institute is headed by the director. There are many chairs at the University. There are many different scientific circles at the University.

The University has some hostels, several libraries, a publishing house, a students' club, a skiing lodge, gymnasiums, an assembly hall. Students can take part in different art activities and go in for sports.

Engineer

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

engineering to be defined as application science branch empirical information to depend on observation experience to calculate mechanical advantage interaction strong material sources of power analytical frame of mind design equipment the like to require working knowledge various available area manufacture research development to keep up successfully to compete table to apply to prepare educational establishment equipment engineers car serviceman product processing preventive maintenance repair resistance sowing and harvesting seasons

инженерное искусство, инженерия определять как применение наука отрасль эмпирическая информация зависеть наблюдение опыт подсчитывать, расcчитывать механическое преимущество взаимодействие прочный материал источники энергии аналитический склад ума проектирование оборудование тому подобное требовать практическое знание различный доступный область производство исследование развитие следить за успешно конкурировать таблица применять подготавливать образовательное учреждение инженер по оборудованию инженер по сервисному обслуживанию переработка продуктов превентивное техобслуживание ремонт сопротивление сезоны посадки и сбора урожая

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

Engineer

Engineering is an old profession. Engineering is often defined as a practical application of theoretical sciences such as physics and mathematics. Many of the early branches of engineering were based not on science but on empirical information that depended on observation and experience.

Nowadays the mechanical engineer has the mathematical ability to calculate the mechanical advantage from the complex interaction of different mechanisms. He also has new and strong materials to work with and different sources of power. The engineer has an analytical frame of mind and imagination.

Engineers design and make machines, equipment and the like. Such work requires creative abilities and working knowledge of scientific principles. The engineer must also have the understanding of the various processes and materials available to him. He can work in any of the following areas: the organization of manufacture, research and development, design and construction.

This profession requires special education. Engineers must keep up with changes in their profession. A mechanical engineer who does not know about new materials and "know-how" cannot successfully compete with one who does. An engineer must understand engineering tables and formulas and apply them in his work.

The Altai territory is an agricultural region, that's why it is important here to prepare good specialists for agriculture. The main higher educational establishment working in this direction is Altai State Agrarian University where I study now. I'm a second-year student of the Institute of Technics and Agroengineering Researches. Our Institute trains agricultural equipment engineers, car servicemen and specialists in the area of agricultural product processing.

An engineer is responsible for machinery fluent operation, its preventive maintenance and repair. It is necessary for an engineer to know the equipment with which he works. Some modern agricultural machines are equipped with computers. That's why we study many theoretical subjects, such as theoretical mechanics, resistance of materials, theory of machines and mechanisms, modern computer science, tractors and automobiles, details of machines, agricultural equipment, mathematical modeling and many others.

To study theoretical subjects is not enough to become a good engineer, so every year the students of our university have practice on different farms of our region. Students work on combines, tractors and other agricultural equipment during sowing and harvesting seasons, help technicians and mechanics to repair and maintain machines.