
- •3. Match the words or notions with their definitions.
- •2.Read and retell the text.
- •Initial Definitions
- •3. Put the sentences in the correct order according to the text.
- •4. Choose the correct answer.
- •3. Say whether the statements are true or false.
- •4.Choose the correct answer.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Memorize the dialogues and perform them in pairs.
- •7. Now try to tell the gist of the text in 5-6 sentences. Use the questions from Ex. 5 to help you.
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read the text, study it. Find in the text examples to illustrate difference between key notions: heat and work.
- •It is impossible to construct an engine that will work in a complete cycle and produce no other effect except the raising of a weight and the cooling of a reservoir.
- •3. You. Are to add to the diagram the necessary information.
- •4. Match the words with their definitions.
- •5. Make up sentences.
- •7. Answer the following questions.
- •8. Ask the given sentence as many questions as possible.
- •9. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read the text, study it Find in the text examples to illustrate difference between key notions: heat and work.
- •3. Complete the sentences.
- •Write down as many questions to the given sentences as possible.
- •Say if the statements are true or false;
- •Heat and work:
- •3. Try to explain the meaning of the given words using the information you’ve learnt from the text.
- •4. Solve the crossword puzzle.
- •5. Say whether the statements are true or false.
- •6. Fill in the blanks with the missing words.
- •Read the dialogues and dramatize them in pairs.
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read and retell the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Explain the difference between heating systems. Fill in the table.
- •5. Complete the following sentences using the english equivalents instead of the Ukrainian words and word-combinations.
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read and retell the text.
- •3. Make up sentences with given words:
- •4.Complete the following sentences.
- •6. Supply questions to these sentences.
- •7. Find the Ukrainian equivalents of the given words.
- •8. Read and translate the dialogue.
- •2. Read the text. Find the difference between these two systems of ventilation.
- •Vacuum Ventilation.
- •3. Fill in the blank with the necessary words and word-combinations.
- •4. Try to retell the gist of the text in 5-7 sentences.
- •5. Explain the difference between artificial, vacuum and plenum ventilation.
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •2. Read (he text, study it. Pay attention to new words.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •5.Choose the correct answer:
- •6. Read and translate the dialogue..
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read and translate the text and information in the table.
- •3 .Answer the questions:
- •4. Try to explain the meaning of the given heating methods using the information you’ve learnt from the text:
- •5. Fill in the blanks with the missing words:
- •Ventilation and water heating
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •Ventilation and water heating
- •7. Try to explain how building byelaws applied to ventilation.
- •1.Memorize the following words and expressions:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •7. Make up the plan according to the text.
- •1. Memorize the following words and expressions.
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the questions :
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Ask 4 types of the questions to the sentence:
- •6. Fill in the gaps using the necessary words:
- •1. Read and memorize following words and expressions:
- •2. Read, translate and study the text:
- •2.Scan for the details and circle the correct letter.
- •3.Choosc the words from the box to complete sentences.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Ask 4 types of the questions to the sentences:
- •4.Choose the words from the box to complete sentences.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Make up 5 sentences using following words:
- •5. Make up the plan according to the text, not less than 10 items.
- •6. Fill in the table . Pay attention to the types of the boilers and explain the difference between them.
- •7. Answer the questions to the text:
- •1. Read the text and try to understand the main idea:
- •3. Complete the following sentences:
- •4.Fill in the blanks with the missing words:
- •5.Choose the correct answer:
- •1.Read and translate the text.
- •2. Make the translation of Steam Turbines classifications .
- •3. Answer the questions of the text:
- •4. Is it true or false?
- •6. Make un 5 sentences with following words:
- •7.Work in pairs. Complete the dialogue.
- •7. Fill in the table.
- •1.Read and translate the text.
- •2.Make the difference between the types of the turbines.
- •3.Ask questions to the sentences.
- •4.Complete the sentences.
- •5. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •6.Answer the following questions:
- •7. Choose the words from the box to complete sentences.
- •Unit 26
- •2. Read and translate the abstract.
- •3. Find the Ukrainian equivalents of the word-combinations:
- •4.Use the words from Ex. 3 and make up sentences with them.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •1. Read and memorize the following expressions:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the missing words:
- •5. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •4.Complete the sentences. Choose the correct word from the brackets:
- •3. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Indirect systems
2.Scan for the details and circle the correct letter.
Stress corrosion cracking a/(SCC),b/(Scc),c/(SCc) is the
unexpected sudden failure.
SCC is highly chemically a/simple, b/specific, c/alone in that certain alloys.
SCC only exposed to a small number of a/total, b/physical, c/chemical environments.
a/ Metal, b/ glass, c/ paper parts with severe SCC can appear bright and shiny.
The stresses can be the result of the crevice loads due to stress a/concentration, b/amount.
3.Choosc the words from the box to complete sentences.
environment |
mildly corrosive |
factor |
small number |
microscopic cracks |
crevice loads |
Stress corrosion cracking is the unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals subjected to a tensile stress in a corrosive .
SCC is highly chemically specific in that certain alloys are likely to undergo SCC only when exposed to a of chemical environments.
The chemical environment that causes SCC for a given alloy is often one which is only to the metal
otherwise.
Hence, metal parts with severe SCC can appear bright and shiny, while being filled with .
This ____ makes it common for SCC to go undetected prior to failure.
The stresses can be the result of the _____________ due to stress concentration.
4. Ask 4 types of the questions to the sentences:
The highly active chemicals are needed to produce catastrophic cracking.
The stresses can be the result of the crevice loads due to stress concentration.
The residual stresses can be relieved by annealing.
5. Discuss the answers to the questions with your group mates.
Is the stress corrosion cracking the unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals?
What is the highly chemically specific in the certain alloys?
When did SCC expose to a small number of chemical environments?
4 What parts can appear bright and shiny?
The specific environment is of crucial importance, is not it?
6. Make up 5 sentences using following words:
Metals, chemicals, parts, bright, shiny, microscopic, common, importance, catastrophic, result.
|
7. How do you say these expressions in your language?
Ductile metals
Tensile stress
Chemical environments
Microscopic cracks
Crucial importance
Small concentration
Catastrophic cracking
Stress concentration
Residual stresses
Annealing
Unit 20
Welding - Safety Rules.
1.Read, translate and remember the main welding rules:
WELDING
CAUTION: Welding can be dangerous. Any of these accidents might happen to you:
( a ) you could be blinded by sparks;
( b ) you could get an electric shock;
( c ) your face, body, arms, legs or feet could be burnt;
( d ) there could be a fire in the workshop.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
A mask or helmet must be worn in electric arc welding. (In gas welding, goggles can be used.)
Clothes must be kept dry and clean.
Thick, heavy boots must be worn.
These must be made of some insulating material such as rubber.
Gloves, and apron and a cap must be worn.
Overalls must have long sleeves and no pockets or cuffs.
WORKSHOP
The floor must be mode of concrete.
There must be a metal container on the floor for the sparks.
2. Answer these questions:
Why must you wear a mask or helmet? (ANSWER: 'Because you could / may / might')
Why must you keep clothes dry?
Why do you have to wear rubber boots?
Why must you wear an apron and cap?
Why must the floor be made of concrete?
Why do you need a metal container on the floor?
3. Complete the sentences:
Gloves, and apron and a cap must....
Overalls must have long sleeves and ....
A mask or helmet must be worn in ...
In gas welding, goggles ...
Clothes must be kept dry ...
Thick, heavy boots must...
4. Make up the sentences:
The, concrete, floor, of, must, be, made.
There, sparks, must, the ,be, for, a, metal, on, the, floor, container.
Dangerous, welding, can, be, a.
You, sparks, could, be, blinded, by.
Shock, could, get, you, an, electric, shock.
5. Find the Ukrainian equivalents:
Welding
Safety rules
Protective clothing
Workshop
Helmet
Metal container
Insulating material
Heavy boots
Rubber boots
Unit 21
Boilers
1.Read and translate the text :
Boilers.
The function of the boilers is to furnish a supply of steam at the required pressure, of quality as nearly dry as possible; There are many different types of boilers and in the selection of one to work under given condition attention must be paid to :
The suitability of the design for safety carrying the proposed steam pressure;
The efficiency with which the potential energy of the coal or other fuel is converted into heat in the steam;
Accessibility, both externally and internally;
Space occupied;
Speed with which steam can be raised, stating with cold water and fires out.
Boilers are either fire-tube or water-tube. In fire-tube boilers, the furnace gases are led through tubes around which water circulates. In water-tube boilers, the water occupies the interior of the tubes and the gases pass over them externally. In general, water-tube boilers are more suitable than fire- tube boilers for the generation of steam at very high pressures and for the fulfillment of condition (5) above. Fire-tube boilers are suitable for steady working at pressures up to say 200 lbs. per square inch, and can be constructed so as to fulfill condition (3) above very completely. The efficiency in well-designed boilers of both types is about the same. Water- tube boilers take up less space than fire -tube boilers of the same power.