- •Unit 10: Computers in engineering
- •1. Read the text and say what spheres of our life we use computers nowadays.
- •6. Make up word-combinations and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •7. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and name the parts of computer system.
- •3. Read the text attentively & group the following words and word combinations into the following categories:
- •6. Which of the following statements are true/false.
- •1. Read the text and answer the following questions:
- •3. Which of the listed below statements are true/false? Specify your answer using the text.
- •4. Translate into English:
- •5. Questions for group discussion:
- •Internet
- •1. Read and answer the following questions.
- •2. Which of the listed below statements are true/false? Specify your answer using the text.
- •4. Translate into English:
- •5. Match the following:
- •Students’ individual work
- •1) The development of computers
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Fill in the following table:
- •2) Types of computers
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Answer the questions to the text:
- •3) Applications of the Process Industries
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Fill in the following tables.
- •4) Bill Gates
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Read the text carefully and put these events in the order they happened.
- •Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •5) From the history of the Internet
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •6) Internet’s future
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Make up a short summary of the text.
Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
Find the following word-combinations in English in the text: окремі електронні компоненти; менше електричної енергії; винахід; виробництво комп’ютерів; з’єднання; мікропроцесор.
Fill in the following table:
Computer types |
Characteristics |
first generation computers |
|
second generation computers |
|
third generation computers |
|
fourth generation computers |
|
2) Types of computers
There are many types of computers. These include: microcomputers, mainframe computers, servers, mini computers, super computers etc.
Micro computers are the most common type of computers in existence today, whether at work in school or on the desk at home. These computers include: desktop computers, personal digital assistants (more commonly known as PDA’s), palmtop computers, laptop and notebook computers. The term “microcomputer” was coined at the time when most computers were cabinet sized like Mainframe Computers. Micro computers were the smallest, least powerful and least expensive of the computers of the time. The first microcomputers could only perform one task at a time, while bigger computers ran multi-tasking operating systems, and served multiple users. Referred to as a personal computer or desktop computer, Micro computers are generally meant to service one user (person) at a time.
The term “mainframe computer” was created to distinguish the traditional, large, institutional computer intended to service multiple users from the smaller, single user machines. These computers are capable of handling and processing very large amounts of data easily and quickly. Mainframe often refers to computers compatible with the computer architectures established in the 1960’s.
Server usually refers to a computer that is dedicated to the task of storing and retrieving large amounts of data. In some instances, a computer that was once considered a mainframe, is given the role of Server. This is because the actual data processing is taken over by individual personal computers.
Minicomputers, or workstations, were computers that are one step above the micro or personal computers and a step below mainframe computers. They are intended to serve one user, but contain special hardware enhancements not found on a personal computer.
A super computer is a specified variation of the mainframe. Where a mainframe is intended to perform many tasks, a super computer tends to focus on performing a single program of intense numerical calculations.
Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
Answer the questions to the text:
1. What are the main types of computers?
2. What is the most common type of computers in existence today?
3. What computers do microcomputers include?
4. What was the term Mainframe computer created for?
5. What is a specified variation of the mainframe?
Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations: електронні записники; невеликий портативний комп’ютер; багаточисленні користувачі; один користувач; відрізняти; сумісні комп’ютери; зберігання та відтворення даних; обробка даних; особливий різновид; виконувати багато завдань; зосереджуватися на виконанні однієї програми; цифрові підрахунки.