Vocabulary

1. mining industry – горнодобывающая промышленность

2. works – завод, мастерские

3. equipment – оборудование

technical ~ – техническое ~

4. train movement – движение поезда

graphic method of timing ~ – график расписания ~

5. locomotive – локомотив

steam-powered ~ – паровой ~

6. rails – рельсы

elliptical ~ – эллиптические ~

7. track – путь

straight ~ – прямой (без кривых) ~

level ~ – ровный (без уклонов) ~

8. gauge – колея

standard ~ – стандартная ~

9. bridge – мост

10. viaduct – виадук

11. national economy -национальная экономика

12. professions – профессии

manager – управляющий

engineer – инженер

mechanic – механик

designer – проектировщик

inventor – изобретатель

scientist – ученый

railwayman – железнодорожник

13. qualified – квалифицированный

14. talented – талантливый

15. skilled – умелый

16. distant – отдаленный

17. vast – обширный

18. private – частный

19. to trace back – проследить

20. needs (demands) – требования (запросы)

to meet the ~ – выполнять ~

21. traffic – движение

to open to ~ – открыть для ~

22. construction – строительство

to be under ~ – находиться в стадии ~

23. to be in charge of – руководить, отвечать за

Ex.1. Complete the following sentences, using the suitable words given below. Each word should be used only once.

significant qualified technical superior vast

elliptical cultural largest angular important

numerous skilled prominent steam-powered double-track

talented private first-class state industrial

1. ... industrial tracks were built in the Urals in the XVIII – XIX centuries.

2. K.D.Frolov, a highly ... engineer, contributed much to the construction of the first Russian railways.

3. ... equipment of the Altai Works was much ... to that used on all other railways of that time.

4. R.K.Frolov was the first Russian engineer who used ... rails instead of ... ones.

5. The first ... locomotive in Russia was built by the Cherepanovs for the Nizhni Tagil Railway in 1833.

6. The Cherepanovs were very ... mechanics.

7. The St.Petersburg – Pavlovsk Railway was designed by a ... engineer Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner.

8. The opening of the St.Petersburg – Moscow Railway in 1851, was the most ... event of the time.

9. It was the ... ... line, having connected the ... and the most ... ... and ... centers of the country.

10. P.P.Melnikov and N.O.Kraft, both ... Russian engineers, headed the construction.

11. By the end of the XIX century, more than 30,000 km of railroad tracks had crossed the ... territory of Russia from the east to the west and from the south to the north.

12. 25 ... lines and 13 ... tracks constituted the railway network of Russia of that period.