Unit X. Things that changed the world

Vocabulary exercises

Ex. 1. Find the words from column B to match their descriptions in column A.

A	B
to make, design or think of a new type of thing	a) commit (a crime)
without delay	b) century
to say that you are annoyed, not satisfied or unhappy about sth or sb	c) search engine
a fact or thing that someone finds out about, when it was not known about before	d) invent
to do sth wrong or illegal	e) guilty
a medicine or medical treatment that makes an illness go away	f) contain
a computer program that helps you find information on the Internet	g) miracle
correct and true in every detail	h) award
waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place	i) immediately
something very lucky or good that happens which you did not think was possible	j) popularity
having done sth that is a crime	k) accurate
to think about sth that you would like to happen or have	l) discovery
to have sth inside or as part of sth	m) give sb a lift
a prize or money given to someone for sth they have done	n) dream (of)
a period of 100 years	o) DNA
when something or someone is liked or supported by a lot of people	p) complain
take someone somewhere in your car	q) litter
a substance that carries genetic information in the cells of the body	r) cure

Ex. 2. Match synonymous words and expressions.

luggage	a) at once
fault	b) wonder
immediately	c) imagine
annoy	d) piece
dream (of)	e) definite
item	f) baggage
disease	g) have no money
certain	h) defect
miracle	i) illness
be broke	j) irritate

Ex. 3. Match antonymous words.

truth	a) uncertain
legal	b) unsuccessful
certain	c) hopeful
climb	d) lie
hopeless	e) unpublished
unique	f) descend
published	g) often
successful	h) illegal
rarely	i) common

Ex. 4. Complete the charts below. Mind some spelling changes.

verb	noun		noun	adjective
1. discover 2. invent 3. ---- 4. operate 5. ----	---- ---- complaint ---- development		1. hope 2. ---- 3. ---- 4. guilt 5. ----	---- popular true ---- electric

Ex. 5. Complete the sentences with one of the words from Ex. 4.

1. Oil was … in Saudi Arabia in 1938.

2. I had an … on my knee last year.

3. The … of the computer has revolutionized the business world.

4. The Internet has … at a remarkable rate.

5. If you have a … you should write to the manager.

6. Her books achieved tremendous … on both sides of the Atlantic.

7. Both men were found … of illegally entering the country.

8. You risk having your … cut off if you fail to pay the bill.

9. We may never know the … about what really happened to Marilyn Monroe.

10. It’s … to try to persuade him while he’s in this mood. Let’s talk to him tomorrow.

11. Among the … of the late nineteenth century were several new chemical elements, including radium.

Ex. 6. A. Complete each sentence with a collocation from the box.

illegal drugs, new invention, unique opportunity, simple experiment, popular novels, important discovery

1. The exhibition provided a … to see all of the artist’s work.

2. The archaeologists had made an ….

3. What initially sounded like a … in fact required a lot of effort.

4. He patented the telephone in February 1876 and exhibited his … in Philadelphia that same year.

5. She was found guilty of possession of ….

6. Soon after her marriage Charlotte Despard became a writer of ….

B. Use a verb from the box to complete each collocation.

keep , give , develop , tell , make , commit

1. I expect you to … me the truth.

2. Can I trust you? – I’m honest, and I can … a secret.

3. People who … crimes end up in prison.

4. Could you … me a lift home, please?

5. It will take them at least ten years to … a cure.

6. The manager of the team decided to … a complaint about the referee.

Ex. 7. Insert the right prepositions where necessary.

1. People’s occupations are strongly related … their level of education.

2. Fleming discovered penicillin almost … accident.

3. As a teenager he dreamed … becoming a professional footballer.

4. They borrowed a lot of money … the bank to start their new business.

5. Jim’s parents sent him a cheque … £100.

6. Do you know that your passport is … … date and you can’t use it?

7. Scientists are still hoping to find a cure … the common cold.

8. Several customers complained … the service they received.

9. I thought he loved me, perhaps he did … the beginning.

10. Alex is very good … languages. He speaks English and French fluently.

11. Radium was discovered … Marie and Pierre Curie in 1897.

Ex 8. Fill in each gap with a suitable word.

1. This … will only find sites that originate in Europe. a) petrol engine b) service engine c) search engine

2. Their neighbours … about their constant loud music. a) complained b) annoyed c) confused

3. The dishwasher is a wonderful …. a) invention b) discovery c) adventure

4. She was … the Nobel Prize for her work in medical research. a) advised b) awarded c) promised

5. The results will be … in the Economic Journal. a) produced b) published c) projected

6. Her report … some interesting suggestions. a) contained b) consisted c) kept

7. It’ll be a(n) … if we get to the airport in time. a) discovery b) accident c) miracle

8. They arranged to … money from the bank to buy a house. a) borrow b) lend c) rob

9. She … that one day she would be famous. a) wanted b) wished c) dreamed

10. Most people get … the first time they leave home. a) seasick b) homesick c) airsick

Ex. 9. Replace the underlined words with a single word or word combination.

1. The police have described the man as a violent and dangerous man involved in illegal activities.

2. The brochure tries to give a fair and correct and true in every detail description of each hotel.

3. There are already many treatments which destroy cancer smallest units of a living thing that can exist independently.

4. Used in people’s homes machines have made modern life easier and more comfortable.

5. They always clear up after a picnic and never drop waste paper, bottles, cans etc.

6. Two men who were thought to be guilty of a crime were arrested today in connection with the robbery.

7. It really makes me feel slightly angry when I see people dropping litter.

8. The most common symptoms of the illness which affects people are a high temperature and spots all over the body.

9. When her parents separated, she was extremely sad because it happened to people that she loved very much.

10. I’m fed up with having no money all the time.

Ex. 10. Translate into English.

1. Этому известному ученому была присуждена Нобелевская премия за важное открытие в области физики.

2. Пассажиры самолета на Рим подали жалобу, потому что их багаж был отправлен в Испанию.

3. Большинство преступлений совершается преступниками ночью.

4. Рассказы о Шерлоке Холмсе и докторе Ватсоне, написанные Конан Дойлем, популярны среди читателей. Они переведены на многие языки и печатаются в разных странах.

5. Производство напитка Кока-Кола, который был изобретен в девятнадцатом веке в США, все еще держат в секрете.

6. МГЛУ был основан в 1948 году. Вначале студенты изучали лишь четыре языка: английский, немецкий, французский и испанский. Популярность нашего университета растет. Сегодня здесь изучают около двадцати иностранных языков.

7. Алексей носит часы Rolex, недавно подаренные ему родителями на день рождения.

8. Когда я был подростком, я любил научную фантастику, а теперь я люблю смотреть телепрограммы о великих открытиях и изобретениях.

9. Я раздражаюсь каждый раз, когда у меня безденежье, и мне приходится занимать деньги у друзей и родителей.

10. Вчера, когда мы готовились к экзамену, вдруг отключили электричество.

11. Катя говорит, что она безнадежна в изучении иностранных языков. У нее хорошая память на цифры и даты, но плохая память на слова. Ее преподаватели считают, что она может стать успешным бухгалтером или экономистом.

12. Сегодня люди редко пишут письма. Они звонят по телефону, отправляют сообщения и электронные письма.

13. Современные технологии используются в медицине. Они помогают делать уникальные операции, лечить многие болезни.

14. Джон Фишер в своем новом романе пишет о поэте, который уехал за границу в возрасте семнадцати лет. Он много путешествовал и писал стихи, которые печатались в журналах на разных языках. И, что удивительно, поэт не тосковал по родине, не скучал по семье, друзьям, очень редко звонил им и никогда не писал писем.

Follow up. Speak about some important inventions / discoveries.