
- •Contents
- •Acronyms related to tefl The Most Frequently-used Acronyms
- •Commonly-used Acronyms
- •Other Acronyms Related to tefl/tesl
- •Предисловие
- •The scientific prose style as opposed to the belles-lettres style
- •Skim the following 4 boxes and identify which style they refer to: poetic, belle-lettres, newspaper, or scientific prose style. What features help identify the latter style?
- •Analyze the proposed examples of texts of the two distinct styles from the point of view of the criteria given in the table and put down your findings.
- •Find examples from the texts illustrating the most noticeable characteristics of the scientific style.
- •The vocabulary of the scientific prose style
- •Vocabulary Work 1
- •Provide Russian equivalents of the following English words:
- •Find synonyms for the following words:
- •Odd one out. Underline the wrong word in each line.
- •Provide derivatives and restore the word combinations that follow.
- •Decode the following abbreviations using the list of abbreviations and group them according to their meanings:
- •The vocabulary of the scientific prose style
- •Vocabulary Work 2
- •Choose the proper variant of translation of the italicized words.
- •Fill in the necessary word according to the meaning using the following words. Use: assessment, assignment, accomplished, crucial, superior performance, insight, encounter, utilized, authentic.
- •Match synonyms from the two groups (numbers and letters):
- •Match the terms (numbers) and their definitions (letters).
- •Paraphrase the underlined words/expressions.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the terms and scientific vocabulary:
- •Students as textbook authors
- •Can you think of benefits and shortcomings of commercially-produced materials (textbooks)? Make a map of associations.
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you understand the following terms from the text:
- •Match the definitions with the proper words.
- •Fill in the blanks with the following words and combinations: assignment, blogs, designing, engaged, information gap, invest, journals, miming, proficient, student-centered.
- •Match the text subtitles with the ideas they develop.
- •Scan the text and get ready to explain the following ideas:
- •Share your vision of the following ideas presented in the introduction to the text:
- •Follow-up.
- •Can you describe the key characteristics of the article? To do it follow the guidelines:
- •Student Profile Questions for Middle School
- •Ways to use a student-produced booklet
- •Brainstorming before speaking tasks
- •What is brainstorming in pedagogics (structure, process, aims)? Is it the same according to this article?
- •V ocabulary Enrichment
- •Consult the dictionary for the following terms:
- •Match the definition with the word from the list.
- •Match the two parts of word combinations and explain their meaning.
- •Paraphrase the sentences using your active vocabulary.
- •Do you remember which part…
- •Follow-up.
- •Reaching reluctant readers
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Errors and corrective feedback: updated theory and classroom practice
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Read the following definitions and think which type of mistake they refer to:
- •Match the words from the list with their synonyms from below and make up word combinations or sentences with them.
- •Follow-up:
- •Develop the ideas from the text in your own words trying to explain their essence.
- •Imagine some other involving ways of working with mistakes students make in writing or orally.
- •Write a self-analysis about the types of mistakes you / your students make and how you handle them. Be specific.
- •Implications for our Classroom Practice
- •Integrating reading and writing for effective language teaching
- •To teach or not to teach writing in the target language? What answer does the text give? And you?
- •They distinguish the following types of writing. Give your vision of them. Are they described in the text?
- •Match the stages of process-writing (numbers) with the actions (letters). Do you follow the structure proposed here passing all the stages?
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the terms from the text:
- •Find equivalents from the list for the following groups of synonyms:
- •Use the following words to fill in the blanks: demanding, inventory, objective, outline, performance, springboard, sufficient, technique, worksheet.
- •Translate the last paragraph of the article into Russian. Compare your variants of translation for accuracy.
- •See the following plan made on the basis of the analysis of text paragraphs. It is jumbled. Restore its order according to the text.
- •Scan the plan for information on the following subtopics. Be ready to develop the points into a speech.
- •Follow-up:
- •Integrating reading and writing for effective language teaching
- •Integrated Reading and Writing Course Objective
- •Metaphoric intelligence and foreign language learning
- •To know if you are right see the following text. Be ready to share and think which intelligences are vital in learning foreign languages and why; and what is metaphoric intelligence?
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Match the words with their definitions:
- •Use the proper derivative:
- •Translate paragraphs 2 and 3 into Russian. Compare your variants of translation for accuracy.
- •See the plan of the text. Make it complete. Compare your plans. Plan
- •Deep impact storytelling
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Use the words in brackets in the proper form:
- •Translate from English into Russian:
- •Scan the meaningful parts for the key ideas. Select the sentences from the text, paraphrase complex sentences or summarize ideas in your own words. Compare with another student.
- •Follow up:
- •Introduction
- •Why don’t teachers learn what learners learn? taking the guesswork out with action logging
- •Read the text and identify what “gold mine” the author has discovered.
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Match the following definitions with the proper words from the list:
- •See the plan of the article. Put a question that may summarize each part.
- •Summarize the ideas of part I and III in as few words as possible. Compare with other students.
- •How many and which activities are mentioned in the article? Scan them for the following information:
- •Select some three activities you like best. Get ready to explain their essence and aims, and say why you find them efficient. Identify the most popular activities.
- •Follow-up:
- •Pronunciation & grammar using video and audio activities
- •Can teaching pronunciation and grammar be fun? Propose as many ways as possible and be ready to clarify your point.
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Guess the word by its definition:
- •Use the proper derivative:
- •Translate the Conclusion in writing. Compare the translations for the most accurate.
- •Look through the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •Check other fellow-students if they’ve got answers to the questions above.
- •Explain the following sentences from the text or paraphrase:
- •Follow-up:
- •Humanising the coursebook
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Match the following definitions with the proper words:
- •Use the proper derivative:
- •Translate the second paragraph of the article into Russian. Compare your variants of translation for accuracy.
- •See the plan of the article and identify how its points and subpoints are interrelated.
- •Put a question to every meaningful part of the text.
- •Answer the questions trying to sum up shortly.
- •Use the plan to answer the questions:
- •Using the plan present the the key ideas of the text orally as shortly as possible.
- •Using the plan select one point which has attracted your special attention and on which you would like to share your views and attitudes.
- •Follow-up:
- •Introduction
- •Adapting authentic materials for language teaching
- •Remember your teaching practice and say:
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms from the text:
- •Match the definitions with the proper words:
- •Propose derivatives of the words and make up word combinations:
- •Fill in the following sentences using your active vocabulary:
- •Infrequently Used Words
- •Verbal Complexity
- •Verbal Ambiguity
- •Implicitness
- •Interactive writing in the efl class: a repertoire of tasks
- •What writing strategies can you remember? (e. G.: fluent writing, free writing, etc.) What is meant by “interactive writing”? Find passages in the text that explain its essence.
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Scan the vocabulary for words dealing with a) the Internet; b) reading and writing. Be ready to explain their meanings.
- •Match the words and their groups of synonyms:
- •Use the proper derivatives:
- •The author says the activities are interactive and involve problem-solving. Choose one you liked best and try to prove it.
- •Follow-up:
- •Interactive writing in the efl class: a repertoire of tasks
- •2. Sending a Letter Abroad
- •3. Writing a Letter to the Author of a Story
- •5. Films
- •6. Providing an Alternative Ending
- •7. An Introduction to an Anthology of Short Stories
- •8. Journal Writing
- •9. A Personal Anthology
- •10. The Writing Portfolio
- •Discussion examination: making assessment match
- •Instructional strategy
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Match the definitions with the words from the list:
- •Use the correct derivative:
- •Paraphrase the following using the active vocabulary from the list:
- •Better teaching through provocation
- •Vocabulary Enrichment
- •Make sure you can explain the following terms:
- •Match the following definitions with nouns:
- •Use the proper derivatives:
- •Match the words to make up word combinations and be ready to explain their meanings:
- •Remember the names of the parts of the article. Which parts do you consider vital for the abstract and which not?
- •Scan the key parts of the text for the subtopics. Compare with other students.
- •See which of the parts provides answers to the questions:
- •Propose theses for every subtopic. Present the theses and compare if they are the same with everybody.
- •Explain the following ideas as you see them:
- •Follow-up:
- •Creativity
- •Can you describe what a creative person is like? Why is it necessary to be creative today? Can you give examples illustrating that creativity is required in all fields of life?
- •See the following list of verbs taken from the texts on creativity and decide which of them may be used to describe a creative approach to teaching? And a counterproductive approach?
- •Can you sum up information for each of the columns?
- •Imagine examples illustrating the above columns to show that they do work. Let your group mates guess what column you are trying to illustrate (e. G. A decision, a strategy or environment).
- •Choose a quotation from the text and get ready to comment on it:
- •Identifying and developing creative giftedness
- •Investing in creativity: many happy returns
- •Implications of Phase Theory
- •Implications of Studies of Organizational Climates
- •The general outline of a scientific article
- •Text compression
- •Writing abstracts Approaches to Writing Abstracts
- •Use of Abstracts
- •Types of Abstracts
- •Guidelines for Writing Abstracts
- •Stages of Writing Abstracts
- •Paragraph
- •Unity in paragraphs
- •Continuity in paragraphs
- •Integrity of Paragraphs
- •Some Guidelines for Building Effective Paragraphs
- •Sentences
- •Some Guidelines for Writing Effective Sentences
- •Some Guidelines for Writing Compressed Sentences
- •Self-check questions
- •Chat abbreviations/lingo
- •Chat Faces
- •Chatiquette
- •If they won't write, get them to text. Hamish norbrook gets predictive about the learning opportunities presented by mobile phones
- •Sample of reading log and its structure
- •Self-check test
- •An algorithm of analyzing and interpreting of english-language academic texts
- •Subject index
- •References
- •Интерпретация англоязычного научного текста
- •Interpretation of english-language academic texts Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов языковых специальностей вузов
- •2 25404, Г. Барановичи, ул. Войкова, 21.
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ
УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «БАРАНОВИЧСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
Ю. А. ВАЩИЛКО
ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНОГО НАУЧНОГО ТЕКСТА
INTERPRETATION OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ACADEMIC TEXTS
Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов языковых специальностей вузов
Рекомендовано к печати научно-методическим советом университета
Барановичи
РИО БарГУ
2
009
УДК 811.111(075)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
В12
Автор
Ю. А. Ващилко
Р е ц е н з е н т ы:
А. В. Конышева, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент учреждения образования «Полоцкий государственный университет»;
В. К. Коновалик, магистр педагогических наук учреждения образования «Барановичский государственный университет»
В12 |
Ващилко, Ю. А. Интерпретация англоязычного научного текста = Interpretation Of English-Language Academic Texts [Текст] : учеб.-метод. пособие для студентов языковых специальностей вузов / Ю. А. Ващилко. – Барановичи : РИО БарГУ, 2009. – 141, [3] с. – 100 экз. – ISBN 978-985-498-222-9.
Данное издание содержит аутентичные тексты научно-методических статей в области иноязычного образования на такие темы, как «Ученики как соавторы учебных пособий», «Использование мозговой атаки на занятиях по иностранному языку», «Развитие умений чтения обучаемых при экстенсивном подходе», «Работа над ошибками в обучении иностранному языку» и др. Тексты сопровождаются предтекстовыми, текстовыми и послетекстовыми упражнениями, направленными на формирование профессиональных языковых навыков, а также умений изучать и обобщать зарубежный педагогический опыт иноязычного образования. Пособие предназначено для студентов специальностей 1-02 03 06-01 Иностранный язык (английский). Немецкий язык, 1-02 03 07 01 Иностранный язык (английский). Белорусский язык и литература, 1-02 03 07 02 Иностранный язык (английский). Информатика, 1-02 03 07 03 Иностранный язык (английский). Технология (Обслуживающий труд), а также может оказаться полезным магистрантам, аспирантам, учителям, специализирующимся в области профессионально-педагогического иноязычного образования. |
УДК 811.111 (075)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
© Ващилко Ю. А. , 2009
I
SBN
978-985-498-222-9
©
БарГУ, 2009
Contents
ACRONYMS RELATED TO TEFL 6
Предисловие 8
THE SCIENTIFIC PROSE STYLE AS OPPOSED TO THE BELLES-LETTRES STYLE 10
THE VOCABULARY OF THE SCIENTIFIC PROSE STYLE 14
THE VOCABULARY OF THE SCIENTIFIC PROSE STYLE 15
STUDENTS AS TEXTBOOK AUTHORS 19
BRAINSTORMING BEFORE SPEAKING TASKS 24
REACHING RELUCTANT READERS 30
ERRORS AND CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK: UPDATED THEORY AND CLASSROOM PRACTICE 36
INTEGRATING READING AND WRITING FOR EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING 42
METAPHORIC INTELLIGENCE 47
DEEP IMPACT STORYTELLING 53
WHY DON’T TEACHERS LEARN WHAT LEARNERS LEARN? 61
PRONUNCIATION & GRAMMAR USING VIDEO AND AUDIO ACTIVITIES 68
ADAPTING AUTHENTIC MATERIALS FOR LANGUAGE TEACHING 80
Teachers adapt authentic materials for different classroom uses, depending on their students’ age and English language proficiency. No matter what the source of the material or its purpose in class, however, successful adaptation requires careful attention to the semantic, lexical, syntactic, and discourse elements of the original text. By following the guidelines presented in this article, teachers can help their students improve their comprehension of written English. 87
INTERACTIVE WRITING IN THE EFL CLASS: A REPERTOIRE OF TASKS 87
Text 12 90
INTERACTIVE WRITING IN THE EFL CLASS: A REPERTOIRE OF TASKS 90
DISCUSSION EXAMINATION: MAKING ASSESSMENT MATCH 97
BETTER TEACHING THROUGH PROVOCATION 103
CREATIVITY 109
APPENDIX А 123
THE GENERAL OUTLINE OF A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE 123
APPENDIX В 125
TEXT COMPRESSION 125
APPENDIX С 126
WRITING ABSTRACTS 126
APPENDIX D 129
PARAGRAPH 129
APPENDIX E 132
SELF-CHECK QUESTIONS 132
APPENDIX F 133
CHAT ABBREVIATIONS/LINGO 133
APPENDIX G 134
IF THEY WON'T WRITE, GET THEM TO TEXT. HAMISH NORBROOK GETS PREDICTIVE ABOUT THE LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED BY MOBILE PHONES 135
APPENDIX H 137
SAMPLE OF READING LOG AND ITS STRUCTURE 137
APPENDIX I 138
SELF-CHECK TEST 138
APPENDIX J 143
AN ALGORITHM OF ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ACADEMIC TEXTS 143
SUBJECT INDEX 144
REFERENCES 146
Acronyms related to tefl The Most Frequently-used Acronyms
CALL |
Computer Assisted Language Learning |
EFL |
English as a Foreign Language (Studying English in non-English-speaking countries) |
ESL |
English as a Second Language (Studying English as a non-native speaker in a country where English is spoken. Depending on where you are from, the term ESL may be more inclusive and includes EFL. For some people the reverse seems to be true. ) |
ESOL |
English to Speakers of Other Languages (Note: ESL and EFL are often used interchangeably. This acronym is an attempt to make a generic term and then assign more limited meanings to ESL and EFL. ) |
ESP |
English for Specific Purposes / English for Special Purposes |
FL |
Foreign Language |
IELTS |
International English Language Testing System |
L1 |
“Language 1” = the student’s native (primary or first acquired) language. |
L2 |
“Language 2” = the language being learned or studied |
NNS |
Non-Native Speaker |
NS |
Native Speaker |
SLA |
Second Language Acquisition |
TEFL |
Teaching English as a Foreign Language |
TESL |
Teaching English as a Second Language |
TESOL |
Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (It is also the name of an association. ) |
TOEFL |
Test of English as a Foreign Language |
TOEIC |
Test of English for International Communication |