Перевод предложений, подлежащее которых выражено неодушевленным существительным, а сказуемое – глаголом, выражающим чувство

Exercise №8

При переводе таких предложений сказуемое, выраженное глаголами to see, post, enjoy,как правило, переводится словами “отмечалось”, “произошло”, “наблюдалось”, а подлежащее английского предложения становится дополнением или обстоятельством места. Если за таким сказуемым идет дополнение в виде существительного, обозначающего “увеличение” или “уменьшение” чего-то, то в этом случае глагол опускается, а сказуемым становится это дополнение. В некоторых словосочетаниях глагол enjoy, post может переводиться словами “обладать”, “иметь”, “пользоваться”.

1. While the U.S. has managed to bounce back from its own savage recession in 2008-2009 and China continues to post still strong growth, Europe’s economies have been on a downward spiral – and there is little sign of any improvement in the near-term.

2. Perhaps the most dramatic decline among the eurozone’s members was seen in the Netherlands, whose economy shrank 1.1 percent on the previous quarter.

3. The wider 27-nation EU saw output rise 0.1 percent during the quarter, largely on the back of an Olympics-related boost in Britain.

4. While Europe and the U.S. have been mired in economic stagnation, Latin America has enjoyed a strong recovery, having for the most part sailed through the recession without lasting damage.

5. The sector, which accounts for about 10% of Japan’s total exports, saw a 22.1% slump from March 2010, as car manufacturers had to cut production and idle plants because of electricity shortfalls and supply chain disruption in the wake of the disaster.

6. Europe’s economy enjoyed its strongest growth last decade, powered by a resurgent Germany.

7. As America enjoyed the rewards of its vibrant “new economy”, Europe, it seemed, was saddled with a tired, old economy, incapable of change.

8. Canadian manufacturing shipments posted a surprisingly strong rebound in August, led by a surge in motor vehicles and parts following the end of the General Motors strike.

Texts for oral translation

TEXT 1

Translate the article into Russian orally.

Made in Britain

Exports are growing, but too slowly to rescue the economy.

Just over a mile from Liverpool John Lennon Airport sits the Halewood operations of Jaguar Land Rover. Its foreign sales would make a Beatle envious. Over the December holidays the Tata-owned car factory ran extra shifts to keep up with demand. JLR is already building a new engine plant in Wolverhampton. Other car firms are enjoying similar success. In 2010 Nissan invested over £400m in its factory, which produces for export to more than 90 countries.

As Britain's economy stumbles toward a likely recession, hopes are pinned on exports, particularly to faster-growing parts of the world. There are some encouraging signs. Britain's trade deficit shrank from 4% of GDP in 2007 to around 1% of GDP by early 2011. But the economy might have been expected to do better. The obstacles have been many. Falling global demand blunted the impact of a cheap pound in 2008 and 2009. Once global trade recovered, so did Britain's appetite for imports—despite a rise in relative import prices of roughly 20% since 2007. The financial-services industry, which accounted for a third of British exports in 2008, has been slow to recover.

A deeper concern is that Britain has become too dependent on rich-world markets. The share of exports going to Europe has fallen in the past decade, but the continent still accounts for half of British exports. That market is shrinking. America absorbs more British exports than any other single country and its economy still looks relatively robust. British exports to that country fell 4% in the year to September, but showed signs of recovery, along with America's economy, in October and November.

The emerging economies of Asia and Latin America seem a better long-term bet than Britain's established markets. But the combined share of British exports going to the three emerging-market giants—China, India and Brazil—is less than 5%. Firms have been slow to build trade links with these fast-growing economies. When the domestic economy was strong, there was little incentive for its firms to go to the trouble of finding customers in unfamiliar markets.

The recent success of Britain's car industry suggests all is not lost. Domestic car sales fell by 4.2% in the year to November, but exports to China rose 23%, and sales to India were up by 67%. Foreign carmakers who built export-oriented operations in Britain in previous decades have taken advantage of the fall in sterling to expand market share, particularly in emerging markets. Others must find a way to learn from and duplicate the success now on display in Liverpool. Let it be.

The Financial Times, January 2012.