1. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. Was it interesting for you to read this text?

2. Did you read about the history of aviation at school?

3. When did the first scientific principles of human flight appear?

4. Who was the first to study the problem of human flight?

5. Describe the flying machine designed by Leonardo de Vinchi.

6. What was the first actual flight man made?

7. Why was it impossible to fly in a balloon?

8. Who was the first Russian airplane designer?

9. What plane was designed by him?

10. What distance did the plane cover?

11. Who designed the first glider?

12. What is glider?

13. What event took place in Petersburg in 1913?

14. How long did “Russky Vityaz” stay in the air?

15. Who is called “the father of Russian aviation”?

2. Перекладіть слова:

observe – observer – observation

safe – safely – safety – unsafe

science – scientist – scientific

design – designer

fly – flight

invent – inventor – invention

construct – constructor – construction

improve – improvement

weigh – weight - weightless

develop – development

3. Знайдіть у тексті еквіваленти :

полет человека, поток воздуха, конструктор самолета, конструкция крыла, модель вертолета, мировой рекорд, максимальная скорость, беспосадочный полет, паровой двигатель, лыжи самолета.

4. Перекладіть:

1. Научные принципы полета человека изучались великим ученым Леонардо де Винчи.

2. Леонардо де Винчи изучал потоки воздуха и создал первую летающую машину.

3. Первый фактический полет был сделан на воздушном шаре в 1783 г.

4. Этот полет длился только 10 минут и высота полета была 25 метров.

5. Первым русским конструктором самолета был Александр Можайский.

6. Он сконструировал моноплан с двумя паровыми двигателями в 1882 году.

7. Большим шагом вперед было создание первого самолета с двигателем внутреннего сгорания, сконструированного двумя американцами, братьями Райт.

8. Ученые и конструкторы многих стран работали над созданием и совершенствованием летательных аппаратов.

9. Первый в мире многомоторный самолет был сконструирован русским конструктором Игорем Сикорским.

10. В начале 20го столетия был изобретен дирижабль.

11. В 1913 г. в Петербурге был сконструирован тяжелый многомоторный самолет «Русский витязь».

12. Полет «Русского Витязя» продолжался 1 час 34 минуты, его скорость была 90 км/час.

13. В 1937 году русский летчик Чкалов со своим экипажем совершил беспосадочный полет в США через Северный полюс.

14. Ломоносов построил модель первого вертолета.

15. Менделеев разработал конструкцию стратостата с герметизированной кабиной.

Unit II. Airline services

Special Terms

Aircraft: Usually used as a technical-sounding equivalent to airplane, but in fact it refers to any type of machine that can be used for flight in the air. Thus, it includes not only airplanes but also balloons, helicopters, gliders, etc. The two most common types of commercial aircraft arc propeller planes {props for short) and jets.

Airline: A company that offers air transportation between two and more points. It includes all support activities, such as aircraft, airports, ticket offices, and so on that are necessary for providing the air transportation.

Airport: The place where airplanes take off or land. It includes all the facilities that are necessary for servicing airplanes, passengers, and freight.

Fare: The price charged for transportation. We speak of bus fares, taxi fares, railroad fares and air fares.

Flight: Used generally for the act of flying. Specifically, however, flight is used by the airlines to indicate a trip or journey by one airplane. Every airline flight has a number to identify it. It can be a non-stop flight - direct from Kyiv to Dnipropetrovsk, for example; or it can be a flight with several stops - Kyiv-Paris-Chicago-New York.

Freight: Goods that are transported by surface or air. Many airlines use the term cargo instead of freight. Cargo can also refer to goods being transported by ship.

Route: The way or road or line over which transportation moves between two points. Airlines often speak of short-haul routes - Kyiv to L'viv, for example - or long-haul routes - Kyiv to London. A route can be direct, or it can include other points in between - Kyiv to London by way of / via Paris, for example. The airlines provide service over established routes.

Timetable: A schedule that shows the times, at which airplanes or other forms of transportation arrive and depart. Airline timetables also give the type of aircraft, frequency of service and other information.