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8. Paraphrase the sentences using active vocabulary:

1. She went broke when her business failed. 2. He is busy working on an important business transaction right now. 3. Pure avarice led him to embezzle the money. 4. She wore a necklace with several gems in it. 5. The company will defray the costs of our trip. 6. Some indigent people in this city are living in the streets. 7. The family was left impoverished when the father committed suicide. 8. Needy people can receive help from the government. 9. When you have a good job, you should put aside money for times when finding work may be difficult. 10. I put away enough money over the past year to take off work for two months and travel. 11. Her lifestyle is very frugal; she rarely spends much money. 12. Long ago, people often bartered for the things that they needed; nowadays, most people use cash or credit. 13. The little boy swapped his bike for a new baseball glove.

9. Cross out the word or phrase that is least related in meaning:

1. put on put away put aside

2. greed avarice gem

3. broke frugal bankrupt

4. needy defray indigent

5. put aside swap barter

6. deal transaction gem

7. impoverished indigent frugal

10. Write the key word for each set of words:

1. needy impoverished ____

2. swap barter ____

3. put aside put away ____

4. indigent impoverished ____

11. Write the key word that corresponds to each italicized word:

1. That gem is worth a lot of money. ____

2. The transaction was a successful one. ____

3. The company went broke. ____

4. His avarice is such that he is never satisfied. ____

5. Being frugal has its rewards. ____

6. My insurance will defray the cost of a rental car. ____

7. The fund will help the needy. ____

8. The people in that community barter for the goods they need. ____

12. State whether the sentence is true or false:

1. Indigent people often do not have good clothing. 2. You need money to barter. 3. People like to be broke. 4. Robbers will steal gems if they can. 5. Thrifty people put aside money for the future.

6. Bankers try to avoid financial transactions. 7. Avaricious people usually give away a lot of money. 8. A frugal person is usually careful about spending money.

13. Answer the following questions:

1. Is anyone defraying the cost of your education for you? 2. Are there government programs to aid the indigent in your country? 3. Who is the most frugal person that you know? 4. Do you find it easy to put away money? 5. Which type of gem do you feel is the most beautiful? Do certain gems traditionally have particular significance in your country? 6. What types of things are bartered in your country? 7. Name someone who you think suffers from avarice. 8. Where do the most needy people in your town or city live?

14. Fill in the gaps with one of the active words:

My first business went (1) ___ after only two years. I just was not able to do enough business to avoid insolvency. It was a very sad day in my life when the bank (2) ___ on my mortgage and ordered me to (3) ___ all of my business assets in order to pay as much of the debt as I could.

While I am not an anxious person, I was determined that I would never go broke again. I wanted to open another business as soon as possible, but I knew it would take some time for me to put aside enough money for the initial (4) ___ of opening a new business.

Finally I decided that this time I could not do it alone; instead, I would find partners to invest in my next business venture. Of course, it was difficult to find investors who could be convinced to (5) ___ on my chance for success. However, eventually I found several people who were willing to gamble on my dreams of success. They became (6) ___ in the company in the hope of receiving large (7) ___ when the business began to make a profit. I would rather have begun the company by myself, but it was necessary to (8) ___ some of the control of the business in order to get enough capital to get it started.