1Answer the following questions:

1.Why are farm animals important to man?2.Do all farm animals supply us with food?3.Does the pig belong to the ruminants?4.How many classes of domestic animals do you know?5.What do carnivorous animals live on?6.Due to what are the cattle capable of digesting large quantities of coarse fibrous material?

2.Fill in the blanks with the required words:

1.Rabbits, horses and goats are…animals.2.The cats and the dogs have…stomachs.3….animals live on plants.4.The pig …to digest a large quantity of coarse material.

3.Translate into Russian.

1.The ruminant is so called because of the ruminating function by which the food is brought back to the mouth from the stomach for remastication.2.Rumination is a reflex act ,the centre for which is in the medulla.3.The process of rumination is stimulated by coarse and bulky food. It is interesting to note that out of 24 hours ,about 7 are occupied by rumination.4.The capability of ruminants to deal with a large quantity of bulky food is associated with their large stomach capacity.5.When a ruminant has satisfied its appetite ,it looks for a quiet place ,if possible , and proceeds to ruminate ,or chew its cud.6.The chewing of food involves considerable muscular exertion ,due to the great number of motions of the jaws that are required.7.The saliva of the ruminants has no digestive function.8.The carnivorous animals swallow their food whole because they possess cusped teeth which are incapable of grinding food.

4.Translate into English:

1.Крупный рогатый скот ,овцы, козы и олени принадлежат к жвачным животным.2.У молодых жвачных животных пища после жвачки поступает в третий отдел желудка-книжку.3.У взрослых жвачных животных пища поступает вновь в рубец и сетку ,а после повторной жвачки в книжку.4.После скармливания сеном жвачка начинается сразу же.

Text № 5 the internal organs of farm animals. The heart and the lungs

Inside the body there are two large cavities — the anterior cavity being the thorax or chest, and the posterior cavity — the abdomen or belly. These two cavities are separated by a tense sheet of muscle called the diaphragm.

The heart is situated in the anterior — chest cavity between the lungs in a chamber called the pericardium.This is a double bag, one covering forms a thin layer closely

adherent to the heart itself, while the other or outer one envelops the heart more loosely. Between these two coverings is the pericardial fluid which is a form of lymph.The right and left portions of the heart each consists of an auricle and a ventricle. These are divided from one another by a movable transverse partition and communicate with one another by valves which allow the blood to flow in one

direction only, namely from the auricle to the ventricle.

The blood is kept in constant circulation through the vessels by the involuntary, rhythmic contractions of the heart which acts as a double pump.

The right and left portions of the heart have no direct communication with each other. They work together but independently.

The lungs which are concerned in respiration are situated in the chest cavity on either side of the heart. They receive air through the trachea or windpipe, which on tracing back through the lungs, divides into numerous tributary branches or bronchial tubes.

From the right side of the heart the blood is forced through the lungs, where it receives fresh oxygen and thence back to the left side of the heart.

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