Vocabulary:

1) maintenance – техническое обслуживание, эксплуатация

2) civilian – гражданский

3) purpose – цель

4) propulsion – движение вперед

5) to ally – соединять

6) to be concerned – быть связанным

7) beyond – позади

1.3.1 Chemical Engineering

1. Are you fond of chemistry? Have you got this discipline in your time-table?

2. Try to describe chemical field of engineering nowadays. What is the main ecological trouble in its development? What should people do to safe the environment? Is it really possible to stop the catastrophe?

This branch of engineering is concerned with the design, construction and management¹ of factories in which the essential² processes consist of chemical reactions. Because of the diversity³ of the materials dealt with⁴, the practice, for more than 50 years, has been to analyze chemical engineering problems in terms of fundamental unit operations or unit processes such as the grinding⁵ or pulverizing⁶ of solids⁷. It is the task of the chemical engineer to select and specify the design that will best meet the particular requirements of production and the most appropriate⁸ equipment for the new applications.

Vocabulary:

1) management – управление

2) essential – насущный, неотъемлемый

3) diversity – разнообразие

4) to deal with – иметь дело

5) to grind – шлифовать

6) to pulverize – измельчать, распылять

7) solid – тело

8) ppropriate – подходящий, приемлемый

1.3.2 Civil Engineering

1. Try to prove that civil engineering is the broadcast of the engineering fields.

2. In what way is civil engineering connected with environment protection?

Civil engineering is perhaps the broadest of the engineering fields, for it deals with the creation, improvement, and protection of the communal environment, providing¹ facilities for living, industry and transportation, including large buildings, roads, bridges, canals, railroad lines, airports, water-supply systems, dams, irrigation, harbors², docks, aqueducts³, tunnels, and other engineered constructions. The civil engineer must have a thorough knowledge⁴ of all types of surveying⁵, of the properties and mechanics of construction materials, the mechanics of structures and soils, and of hydraulics and fluid⁶ mechanics. Among the important subdivisions of the field are construction engineering, irrigation engineering, transportation engineering, soils and foundation engineering, geodetic engineering, hydraulic engineering, and coastal⁷ and ocean engineering.

Vocabulary:

1) to provide – предоставлять

2) harbor – порт, гавань

3) aqueduct – водопровод, канал

4) thorough knowledge – достаточные знания

5) survey – обследование, наблюдение

6) fluid – жидкая или газообразная среда

7) coastal – прибрежный

1.3.3 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

1. Get acquainted with the following text.

2. What additional information can you give to describe this field of engineering?

3.What subject in the field of electrical and electronics engineering does your speciality deal with?

Electrical and electronics engineering is the largest and most diverse¹ field of engineering. It is concerned with the development and design, application, and manufacture of systems and devices that use electric power and signals. Among the most important subjects in the field in the late 1980s are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, medical imaging systems, robotics, lasers, radar, consumer² electronics, and fiber optics³. Despite⁴ its diversity, electrical engineering can be divided into four main branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.