1. Translate into your native language, pay attention to tenses:

1. I knew that you were ill. 2. I knew that you had been ill. 3. We found that she left home at eight o’clock every morning. 4. We found that she had left home at eight o’clock that morning. 5. When he learnt that his son always received excellent marks in all the subjects at university, he was very pleased. 6. When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at university, he was very pleased. 7. We did not know where our friends went every evening. 8. We did not know where our friends had gone. 9. She said that her best friend was a doctor. 10. She said that her best friend had been a doctor.

2. Rewrite the following sentences in the Past tense:

1. My uncle says he has just come back from the Caucasus. 2. He says he has spent a fortnight in the Caucasus. 3. He says it did him a lot of good he spent most of the time on the beach. 4. He says his wife and he spent most of the time on the beach. 5. He says he feels better now. 6. He says they did a lot of sightseeing. 7. He says he has a good camera. 8. He says he took many photographs while traveling in the Caucasus. 9. He says he will come to see us next Sunday. 10. He says he will bring and show us photographs he took during his stay in the Caucasus.

3. Open the brackets and chose necessary tense:

1. He said he (is staying, was staying) at the “Ritz” Hotel. 2. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 3. He asked me where I (study, studied). 4. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time. 5. He says he (works, worked) at school t years ago. 6. Victor said he (is, was) very busy. 7. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting-room. 8. He said (will come, would come) to the station to see me off. 9. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter. 10. I think the weather (will not change, would not change) for the worse.

4. Open the brackets and chose necessary tense:

1. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning. 2. She says she already (to find) the book. 3. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five. 4. She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong. 5. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before. 6. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early. 7. The delegates were that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes. 8. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry. 9. I didn’t know that you already (to wind) up the clock. 10. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her.

Reported speech Косвенная речь

При переводе повествовательного предложения из прямой речи в косвенную производятся следующие изменения:

а) повествовательное предложение вводится союзом that, который, однако, часто опускается.

e.g.: He says, “They will achieve success”. – He says (that) they will achieve success.

б) личные и притяжательные местоимения заменяются по смыслу:

e.g.: He says, “I’ve just seen your elder brother.” – He says (that) he has just seen my elder brother.

в) если после глагола to say имеется предложное дополнение, указывающее на лицо, к которому обращена речь, то он заменяется глаголом to tell.

e.g.: She has said to me, “I’m awfully tired” – She has told me that she is awfully tired.

Если глагол в главном предложении стоит в Simple Past, Past Continuous или Past Perfect, то время глагола прямой речи должно быть заменено в соответствии с правилами согласования времен.

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Simple Present Present Continuous Simple Past Present Perfect Simple Future	Simple Past Past continuous Past Perfect Past perfect Future in the Past

При переводе из прямой речи в косвенную заменяются следующие указательные местоимения, наречия времени и места:

Direct Speech		Reported Speech
this- these now today yesterday the day before yesterday tomorrow the day after tomorrow next week (month, year) last week (year)		that-those then that day the day before two days before the next day; the following day in two days’ time the following (the next) week (month, year) the previous week(year), a year (a week) before
Direct Speech			Reported Speech
He said, He said to me,	“Peter is looking through the paper now”. “I went to see them the day before yesterday.” “I’ll go there tomorrow.” “My father died a year ago.”		He said (that)	Peter was looking through the paper then. he had gone to see them two days before. he would go there the following day. his father had died year before.

Примечание: 1. При переводе из прямой речи в косвенную Simple Past и Past Continuous могут сохраняться без изменений, если указано время совершения действия.

e.g.: He said, “Bernard Shaw visited the Soviet Union in 1928”. – He said that Bernard Shaw visited the Soviet Union in 1928.

2. При переводе из прямой речи в косвенную не изменяется.

e.g.: He said tome, “The book had been out by last June”. – He told me (that) the book had been out by the previous June.

3. а) Если говорящий сообщает о происходящем в тот же день, то наречия времени не изменяются.

e.g.: At breakfast this morning he said, “I’ll be very busy today”. – At breakfast this morning he said that he would be very busy today.

б) Наречия будущего времени могут корректироваться в зависимости от того, когда передается косвенная речь.

e.g.: On Monday John says to Tom, “I’m leaving the day after tomorrow.” On Tuesday Tom sees Bill and says to him, “John said he was leaving tomorrow.” On Wednesday Tom may say to Ben, “John said he was leaving today.”

1. Rewrite the following imperative sentences into reported speech:

1. “Go home,” said the teacher to us. 2. “Buy some meat in the shop,” said my mother to me. 3. “Sit down at the table and do your homework,” said my mother to me. 4.”Don’t forget to clean your teeth,” said granny to Helen. 5. “Don’t sit up late,” said the doctor to Mary. 6. The doctor said to Pete: “Don’t go for a walk today.” 7. “Don’t eat too much ice-cream,” said Nick’s mother to him. 8. “Explain to me how to solve this problem,” said my friend to me. 9. The doctor said to Nick: “Open your mouth and show me your tongue.” 10. “Take this book and read it,” said the librarian to the boy.

Reported statements
I am an engineer. I work at a plant. In the evening I study English.
He said He told me	that	he was an engineer and worked at a plant. He added that he studied English in the evening.
I saw my friend yesterday.
He said He told me	that	he had seen his friend the day before
We lived in Rome two years ago. My father worked there
He said He told me	that	they had lived in Rome two years before
I shall tell you about it tomorrow.
He said He told me	that	he would tell me about it the next day.

2. Rewrite the following narrative sentences into reported speech:

1. “My friend lives in Moscow,” said Alec. 2. “You have not done your homework well,” said the teacher to me. 3. The poor man said to the rich man: “My horse is wild. It can kill your horse.” 4. The rich man said to the judge: “This man’s horse has killed my horse.” 5. “This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman. 6. “I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me. 7. The teacher said to the class: “We shall discuss the subject tomorrow.” 8. The woman said to her son: “I am glad I am here.” 9. Mike said: “We have bought these books today.” 10. She said to me: “Now I can read your translation.”

3. Rewrite the following reported speech into direct speech:

1. He said that while crossing the English Channel they had stayed on deck all the time. 2. The woman said she had felt sick while crossing the Channel. 3. She said she was feeling bad that day. 4. Tom said he would go to see the doctor the next day. 5. He told me he was ill. 6. He told me he had fallen ill. 7. They told me that Tom had not come to school the day before. 8. I told my sister that she might catch cold. 9. She told me she had caught cold. 10. The old man told me the doctor that he had just been examined by a good doctor.