Vocabulary notes:

Complex-сложный On top of DO - "сверху" на основе ДОС

To consume-потреблять With a click of a mouse-одним щелком

Consumer-потребитель Multiple users-многочисленные пользователи

To realize -понять осознать Are shipped-поставляются

Smart-умный Simultaneously-одновременно

Decade-декада десятилетие То desire-желать

Top-верх

Задание 2. Answer the questions:

1) What problems faced programmemers in the 1940s and I950's?

21 Why were the first programmes "complex" and "time consuming"?

3) What are the basic functions of operating system?

4) What does the abbreviation DOS mean?

5) What company developed the first version of DOS operating system? For what purpose was it done?

6) What is the difference between the PC-DOS and MS-DOS

7) What does the abbreviation NT stand for? Is NT DOS-compatible? What are the basic requirements for NT?

8) Who is the developer of OS 2?

9) What makes UNIX so different from the other operational systems?

10) What are the special features of Windows 95. Windows 98. Windows 2000 ?

Задание 3. Match the following: 1) Like NT.... is DOS compatible and provides a graphical user interface that lets you run programmemes with a click of a mouse.

2)... is the most commonly used PS operating system. 3)... is a multi-user operating system that allows multiple users to access the system.

4)... is an operating system de\eloped by Microsoft, an enhanced version of the popular Microsoft

Windows programmes

5) The usage of... is so simple that even little kids learn how to use it very quickly.

а) UNIX

b)DOS

c)NT

d) OS/2

e) Windows 95

Задание 4. Which of the listed below statements arc true / false. Specify your answer using the text.

1) When computers were first introduced in 40's and 50's programmemers had to

write programmes to instruct CD-ROMs, laser printers and scanners.

2) The operational system controls and manages the use of the hardware and the

memory.

3) There are no commands available in operating systems, they are only in word

processors.

4) Microsoft developed MS-DOS to compete with IBM's PS-DOS.

5) NT requires computers with 486 CPU and 16 Mb random access memory.

б) OS/2 is DOS compatible because it was developed by Microsoft. 7) Traditionally, UNIY was ran by many users simultaneously

8) Windows 95 and Windows 98 DOS compatible and have very "friendly" and

convenient interface.

Задание 5. Translate into English:

1) Современная операционные системы контролируют использование

системного оборудования, например, принтера и мыши.

2) С точки зрения пользователя, операционные системы PS-DOS и MS-DOS

идентичны, с равными возможностями и набором системных команд.

3) OS/2 является DOS- совместимой операционной системой, позволяющей

запускать программы при помощи графического интерфейса пользователя.

4) Дополнительные программы для работы с устройствами системного

оборудования были очень сложны и поглощали много времени.

5) Операционная система также позволяет затекать программы, также как

простейший текстовый редактор.

6) DOS - наиболее распространенная операционная система для персонального

компьютера.

Задание 6. Questions for discussion:

1) Why do you think Bill Gates. President of Microsoft Company is one of the

richest people on the Earth?

2) Judging from your experience teil if UNIX is used nowadays? What about OS’2?

3) Ask the students in your group who have experience working with Windows 95

and Windows 98 about the advantages and disadvantages of these operational

systems.

СРОП № 4

Задание 1. Read the text: Personal Computer

The first personal computer (PC) was put on the market in 1975.

Today the personal computer can serve as a work station for the individual. Moreover, just as it has become financially feasible to provide a computer for the individual worker, so also technical developments have made the interface between man and machine increasingly “friendly”, so that a wide array of computer functions are now accessible to people with no technical background.

A personal computer is a small computer based on a microprocessor; it is a microcomputer. Not all microcomputers, however, are personal computers. A microcomputer can be dedicated to a single task such as controlling a machine tool or metering the injection of fuel into an automobile engine; it can be a word processor, a video game or a “pocket computer” that is not quite a computer. A personal computer is something different: a standalone computer that puts a wide array of capabilities at the disposal of an individual.

The first generation of true personal computers, which came on the market between 1977 and 1981, had eight-bit microprocessors; the most recently introduced systems have 16-bit ones. Now 32-bit microprocessor chips are available, and soon they will be included in complete computer systems. As for clock frequency, the trend has been from one megahertz (one million cycles per second) a few years ago to 10 megahertz or more today.