Vocabulary:

technique - метод, технический прием

definition technique - метод формирования рисунка

pattern - образец, шаблон; форма, положение, характер; структура; стиль

to pattern - формировать рисунок; копировать

junction - соединение, переход, точка соединения

chip - кристалл; интегральная схема; микросхема, чип; кусочек, обломок

tolerable - допустимый

tolerance - допустимое отклонение от стандарта

yield - размеры выработки; выход годных (схем)

gate - затвор, клапан; логический элемент; строб-импульс

array - масса, массив, множество; матрица

Task 2. Check up how you understand the meaning of the following words with the dictionary:

scaling, scale, on a large scale; response; benefit, for the benefit of, without the benefit; evolution, evolve; concern, to concern

Task 3. Discuss what have you known about:

the development of microelectronics; 2) several kinds of microelectronic transistors; 3) bipolar and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors; 4) the first generation of microelectronic devices

Task 4. Read the text. Tell what you have known about:

a) electronic industry;

b) films.

Even before the invention of the transistor the electronics industry had studied the properties of thin films of metallic and insulation materials. Such films range in thickness from a fraction of a micron, or less than a wavelength of light, to several microns. (A micron is a millionth of a meter; the wavelength of red light is about 7 micron).

a) resistor; b) zigzag pattern; c) capacitance.

A typical thin-film resistor consists of a fine metal line only a few thousandths of an inch wide and long enough to provide the desired value of resistance. If high precision is required laser trimming is used. If high values are desired, the line can be laid down in a zigzag pattern. To form a capacitance one can lay down a thin film of insulating material between two thin films of metal.

Task 5. Answer the following questions:

1)What were the most important facts for the development of electronics? microelectronics? 2) Why could not early transistors satisfy the needs of the growing high-speed computers industry and microwave communication systems? 3) what is the major difference between electronic systems and microelectronic devices?

Task 6. Extract the main idea of it.

Методические рекомендации:

Для полного понимания текста следует просмотреть активную лексику, и если необходимо, обратиться к англо-русскому словарю. Затем провести аудиторную работу над текстом с аналитическим чтением, контролем понимания и закреплением с помощью упражнений.

Рекомендуемая литература:

12 осн .(стр. 48-50) ,9 осн.(стр 202-213)

Контрольные вопросы:

1. What is electronics?

2. What is the transistor?

3. Who was the inventor of first transistor?

4. Name some facts of the development of electronics.

5. Name the principal elements of electronic circuits.

6. Why could not early transistors satisfy the needs of the growing high-speed computers industry and microwave communication systems?

7. What is the major difference between electronic systems and microelectronic devices?

8. What does the overall reliability of electronic systems depend on?

9. What do you know about early transistors?

10. Were there any disadvantages of the first transistors over the best tubes?

Практическое занятие № 8

Тема: Intergrated Electronics

Test №1

Task 1. Choose the right answer:

1. . An architect

a works shifts.

b negotiates prices and schedules with builders.

с inspects the quality of the construction work.

2. . A quality controller

a visits customers.

b inspects samples.

с analyses data and write reports.

3. . A help desk technician

a collects and analyses samples.

b provides technical support.

с spends a lot of time on the phone.

4. A warehouse manager

a inspects new shipments.

b checks and controls inventories.

с writes and tests new codes.

5. An electrical engineer

a designs circuits.

b keeps records of inventories.

с inspects and checks wiring and power supplies.

6. A maintenance engineer

a repairs and maintains customers’ machines.

b replaces damaged parts.

с produces plans and drawings.

7. An electronics engineer

a provides technical support.

b designs buildings and bridges.

c deals with the systems and devices, that use electric power and signals.

Task 2. Complete the sentences with the words in the list.

negotiating inspection maintenance shifts updating troubleshoot shipments inventory analyse samples

1. . I work for a pharmaceutical company. I work in the lab and I ….analyse… blood samples.

2. . I’m responsible for buying new machines and equipment. I spend a lot of time …………… prices and delivery times.

3. . My company operates three …………… . The first one is from 6.00 to 14.00, the second from 14.00 to 22.00. I work the last one. It’s from 22.00 to 6.00.

4. . This is the quality department. This is where we do the final …………… before the units are shipped to our customers.

5. . We’ll have to use the stairs. Our service team are doing some …………… work on the lift.

6. . What do I do here? Well, I …………… . My job is to find and correct faults in the electronic systems.

7. . We don’t test and examine every part. We take …………… to find out what the rest is like.

8. . The logistics section is responsible for checking the …………… are delivered on time.

9. . I’m not sure if we have 200 screens, but I’ll check the …………… list and call you back.

10. .This is Bob. He’s responsible for …………… our software and security features.

Практическое занятие № 9

Theme: Computing

Task 1. Read the text: What is a Computer?

The term computer is used to describe a devise made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical ) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements :

• Hardware

• Software

• People

• Procedures

• Data /information

When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected –for example , by phone lines, microwave transmission , or satellite –is an element of the total computer system.

Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task . Without software instructions, the hardware doesn't know what to do. People ,however, are the most important component of the computer system : they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.

The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept is the form of instruction called a program and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operation, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, refined and useful for decision making.

Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.

Task 2. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:

computer, diskette, metal, processor, scanner, information, data, microphone, printer, modem, Internet.

Task 3. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.

1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.

2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.

3) There are five elements of computer system: hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.

Task 4. Match the following:

1) …doesn't come to life until it is connected to other parts of a system.

2)…is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task.

3) Information in the form of instruction is called a …..

4) The manner in which the various individual systems are connected is…..

5) …is organized, processed and useful for decision making.

6) The basic job of the computer is the…

a) program

b) information

c) processing

d) software

e) connectivity

f) computer

g) people

Task 5. Translate the text. Retell the text, using the vocabulary.

Task 6. Question for group discussion:

1) Why so many people are still «computer illiterate»?

2) Ask in your group what do they use computer for?

3) Is computer intelligent?

4) What is the connectivity?