NOUN

I. Plural Forms (1-10)

II. Countable Uncountable (11-23)

III. Collective Nouns; Subject-Verb Agreement (24-33)

IV. Gender (34-40)

V. Possessive (41-50)

VI. Compound nouns and noun phrases (51-54)

VII. Revision (55-63)

VIII. Test Yourself (64-67)

I. Plural forms

Exercise 1. Give the plural of:

a)

1. potato	13. ass	25. tray	37. city
2. lady	14. dog	26. mouse	38. bee
3. wife	15. wish	27. match	39. brother
4. tooth	16. handkerchief	28. bamboo	40. life
5. man	17. goose	29. scratch	41. roof
6. brush	18. bus	30. donkey	42. Englishman
7. axe	19. church	31. box	43. louse
8. thief	20. town	32. fly	44. sheep
9. German	21. child	33. shelf	45. Swiss
10. house	22. woman	34. fish	46. proof
11. knife	23. torch	35. key	47. inch
12. Chinese	24. shirt	36. penny	48. cliff

b)

1. ox	13. scarf	25. motif	37. studio
2. loaf	14. mother-in-law	26. calf	38. oasis
3. echo	15. deer	27. species	39. cow
4. negro	16. genius	28. eye	40. burglar
5. piano	17. phenomenon	29. sigh	41. breath
6. spy	18. staff	30. trout	42. wish
7. niece	19. index	31. trough	43. error
8. volcano	20. Japanese	32. butterfly	44. witch
9. toy	21. offspring	33. pass	45. erratum
10. leaf	22. knee	34. valley	46. dozen
11. safe	23. tomato	35. beach	47. chief
12. thesis	24. casino	36. salmon	48. means

Exercise 2. Put the noun in plural. Indicate where two variants are possible.

1. I do not know why people take (brief) with them to the seaside. 2. The seminar was attended by a miscellaneous collection of students, businessmen and (housewife). 3. I might buy a couple more of those (scarf). 4. Your (handkerchief) are very dirty. They must be washed. 5. The police killed three (thief) during the burglary. 6. Some doctors use these (leaf) against malaria. 7. The fear of the unknown prevents many people from making significant changes in their (life). 8. The mangoes stayed on the (shelf) for three weeks and now they are damaged. 9. Elephant (calf) can weigh up to two tons. 10. The hunter followed the spoors of the animal's (hoof) in the sand and caught him. 11. The wind blew off many (roof) last week. 12. We heard the bloodcurdling howls of the (wolf) in the forest. 13. The court has not got clear (proof) to condemn the accused. 14. The paper is too large. You must cut it into 2 (half). 15. Amazing! In a fairy tale two (dwarf) were the winners of the race. 16. I wonder how many (safe) we need here to. 17. I wonder how many men are afflicted with guilt and remorse at leaving their (wife). 18. The largest (massif) in the Sahara are Tibesti, Hoggar in southern Algeria, and Jebel Marra in western Sudan. 19. All the (chief) took part in yesterday's meeting in France. 20. In the world each man has his (belief).

Exercise 3. Put the noun in plural. Indicate where two variants are possible.

1. The customs officers blocked the (cargo) of weapons at the border. 2. The (dynamo) of bicycle do not work normally. 3. There are three (albino) in this family. 4. Some famous soccer players have big (tattoo) on their bodies. 5. I sat down on a red plinth and was served by the (lady) in traditional (kimono). 6. The (buffalo) entered the farmer's field and ate all the crops. 7. Large cities like New York have many (ghetto). ghetto جيتو гето ghetto ghetto das Ghetto γκέτο gueto geto محل سکونت اقلیت ها getto ghetto גטו अल्पसंख्यकों की अविकसित जगह geto gettó permukiman golongan minoritas (gyðinga)hverfi; fátækrahverfi ghetto 少数民族居住区 대도시의 소수 민족 거주지, 게토 getas geto; (pilsētas) graustu rajons kawasan perumahan sesak getto getto getto bairro da lata ghe­tou гетто geto geto geto getto สลัม mahalle, varoş 城市中(尤指移民住的)貧民區 гетто شہر کا پس ماندہ علاقہ khu nhà ổ chuột 城市中的贫民区，犹太人区，少数民族聚居的地方 8. Among all these (piano) I prefer the red one.9. (Igloo) are small houses made of snow. 10. (Tornado) are more violent at the coast than in town. 11. This is the time of year when all the big spenders pour into Las Vegas hotels and (casino). 12. The president rehabilitated all the (hero) of the revolution. 13. All I left in the fridge was a lemon and a couple of squashy (tomato). 14. (Kangaroo) carry their young in a pouch. 15. Several readers were displeased about the (photo) that accompanied the story. 16. (Bamboo) are some of the fastest growing plants in the world. They are capable of growing 100 cm or even more per day. 17. As a starter, we had delicious juicy (tomato) stuffed with rice. 18. Franklin Roosevelt made more (veto) than any other US president in history.

Exercise 4. Give the plural of the following words.

	Ending	Regular plural	Latin / Greek plural
a	-us	-uses	-i
b	-a	-as	-ae
с	-um	-urns	-a
d	-ex	-exes	-ices
e	-ix	-ixes	-ices
f	-is	-ises	-es
g	-on	-ons	-a

a) alumnus, apparatus, cactus, calculus, corpus, fungus, genius, nucleus, radius, stimulus, syllabus;

b) alumna, dogma, enigma, formula, stigma, vertebra;

с) bacterium, curriculum, datum, forum, medium, memorandum, millennium, stadium, stratum;

d) appendix, index, matrix;

e) analysis, axis, basis, crisis, diagnosis, hypothesis, oasis, parenthesis, thesis;

f) criterion, phenomenon.

Exercise 5. Put the noun in plural.

1. All prospective students are interviewed by (alumnus) before a final decision is made. 2. A thorough understanding of mathematics is sufficient to explain a wide variety of natural (phenomenon). 3. Project provided some (stimulus) for interesting investigative work on the site. 4. (Datum) regarding employees' salaries are stored on the computer at the main office. 5. They look a bit like (cactus). 6. The (dogma) of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present. 7. What is the splitting of (nucleus) of atoms? 8. The story received a huge amount of (medium) attention. 9. Various (hypothesis) are possible regarding the nature and structure of the world. 10. After several (crisis) they got divorced. 11. Changing the college admissions (criterion) will have a serious effect. 12. (Hypothesis) are formal (idea) that are based on very few facts. 13. I wasn't sure then, if I would be able to read all these diploma (thesis) here. 14. As I studied more about their past, I became more puzzled, and (enigma) were multiplying. 15. The database contains two (index) which control access to it.

Examine 6. State which nouns have the plural (and in what sense this plural is used); which nouns have no plural; which nouns – if given in the plural – have no singular, or whose singular may have a different meaning. Translate them into Ukrainian. Make a sentence or a word combination of your own with each word to illustrate the difference

1. air	21. charity	41.premises
2. beef	22. work	42. clergy
3. advice	33. scales	43.police
4. instruments	24. mathematics	44. manner
5. salt	25. experience	45. evidence
6. outskirts	26. cattle	46. cloth
7. dozen	27. knowledge	47. china
8. committee	28. customs	48. smoke
9. remains	29. looks	49. means
10. offspring	30. iron	50. peoples
11. nature	31. news	51. goods
12. chicken	32. furniture	52. information
13. billiards	33. clothes	52. peoples
14. trousers	34. behaviour	54. family
15. hair	35. species	55. sweets
16. weather	36. music	56. worth
17. scissors	37. sleep	57. fireworks
18. fish	38. mud	58. bread
19. council	39. arms	59. minutes
20. draughts	40. company	60. fruit

Exercise 7. Which is the odd one out?

1. a) thief; b) roof c) wolf;

2. a) oases; b) crises c) roses;

3. a) hoot; b) foot c) boot;

4. a) aircraft; b) aeroplane; c) airplane;

5. a) man; b) child; c) father;

6. a) mouse; b) louse; c) house;

7. a) spy; b) toy; c) day;

8. a) kimono; b) mosquito; c) tornado;

9. a) deer; b) horse; c) sheep;

10. a) forget-me-not; b) passer-by; c) bus-driver;

11. a) tomato; b) hero; c) solo;

12. a) species; b) cries; c) series;

13. a) tooth; b) match; c) bunch;

14. a) staff; b) committee; c) police

15. a) goose; b) louse; c) house

16. a) wood; b) experience; c) cattle;

17. a) money; b) crowd; c) news;

18. a) bowls; b) billiards; c) woods.

Exercise 8. Choose the correct plural?

a) passer-bys – passers-by

b) lays-by – lay-bys

c) photos – photoes

d) thief – thieves

e) travels agency – travel agencys – travel agencies

f) antique shops – antiques shop – antiques shops

g) runner-up – runners-up – runners-ups

h) hanger-ons – hangers-on

i) by-standers – bys-stander

j) echos – echoes

k) mother-in-laws – mothers-in-law

l) proofs – proves

m) heros – heroes

n) woman judges – women judge – women judges

o) crisises – crises

p) go-betweens – goes-between – go-betweenes

q) embryoes – embryos

r) loafs – loaves

Exercise 9. Put the noun in plural.

1. Foreign (diplomat) and their (wife) had assembled in the Great Hall to meet the President. 2. This leader has survived (crisis), (setback), and (challenge) to his leadership. 3. We want to pay special tribute to the (man) and (woman) who have given their (life) in service of their country. 4. (Company) are being urged to do more to promote equal (opportunity) in the workplace. 5. Coeducational (institution) usually use (alumnus) for (graduate) of both sexes. 6. You can buy (kimono) here. 7. I'm not into any religious (dogma) myself. 8. The Senator promised a thorough investigation into the fund-raising (activity) of both (party). 9. The (visa) requires an application form and two (photo). 10. This issue of the New Humanist examines a range of ethical (enigma). 11. In various quiet (nook) and (corner) I had the (beginning) of all sorts of (industry) under way – (nucleus) of future vast (factory). 12. The (hero) of myth all had some point of weakness. 13. (Politician) should carefully weigh all (pro) and (con) of committing the (troop) to this conflict. 14. A thorough understanding of mathematics is sufficient to explain a wide variety of natural (phenomenon). 15. Changing the college admissions (criterion) will have a serious effect. 16. How many (loaf) should we bake today? 17. Garrisson has shed nearly 6 (kilo) in pre-season training and looks much fitter.

Exercise 10. For each space insert the correct form of the given verb.

1. This pair of sunglasses ___ (be) really expensive. I'm not paying that much! 2. These scissors ___ (be) blunt. Get me another pair. 3. That jacket you're wearing is really nice but those green jeans ___ (be) horrible. 4. Physics ____ (be) the study of the natural world. 5. A lot of the news we hear on the TV ___ (be) bad. It's so depressing. 6. The police ___ (investigate) a break-in at the National Bank last night. 7. People ___ (be) are always likely to tell lies to protect themselves. 8. Think carefully before you spend that amount of money. A thousand pounds ___ (be) a lot! 9. You should try walking so far just to find an open supermarket! Three miles ___ (tire) you out so quickly, I'm telling you! 10. They have exaggerated a little with that new swimming pool. Did you see the temperature of the water? Forty one degrees ___ (be) too high!