The bells of the old baily

In 1834 the Central Criminal Court was set up by statue, as the Court in which the Commissioners were to do their work. Since that time the proceedings held at the Sessions house were those of the Central Criminal Court. By the Judicature Act of 1875 the Central Criminal Court was constituted part of the High Court of Justice. Its jurisdiction has been subsequently extended and now covers indictable offences (offences other than those triable summarily before magistrates), committed within the City of London, the counties of London and Middlesex, and much of the surrounding country-side. It also has jurisdiction over offences committed on the High Seas (thus inheriting the criminal jurisdiction of the Court of Admiralty). And less serious offences, if committed within the City of London, are tried at the Central Criminal Court.

The Court must sit for at least twelve sessions in the year (it in fact sits for twelve), and each session lasts for nearly a month. The vacations observed by the civil side of the Supreme Court have no place here. At the beginning of each session is read out the list of persons commissioned to hear cases. The persons so commissioned are the Lord Mayor of London, the Lord Chancellor, all the judges of the High Court and certain other persons. The Court may sit in two or more divisions («courts») and these may be as many as five. The majority of the work is done by the three officials together with one or more special commissioners. But on the third day of each session a professional judge sits to try the most serious cases, and continues until they have been disposed of.

There is a tendency towards a more humane administration of the criminal law. For many years the reform in the punishment of offences after conviction has been accompanied by a trend towards a more satisfactory trial of accused prisoners before they are convicted. English criminal law has progressed over the centuries, from an attitude which regarded the fact than a man was charged with an offence as strong evidence that he had committed it, to one which affords the prisoner all the consideration and courtesy due to an innocent man until he is proved quilty. But the old traditions die hard, and judges and advocates who had been trained in the older school at the Old Dailey survived the formal changes.

II. Вставьте вместо точек слова в скобках, применяя, где необходимо, или притяжательный падеж – ’s, или of … .

1. For my mother September is … (the best month / the year).

2. I like … (the handwriting /this boy).

3. I hear … (the voice /my sister).

4. She put … (the boots /the boys) to the stove.

5. This is … (the armchair /the grandmother).

III. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present или Past Simple.

1. Экзамен был легким. 2. Вчера магазины были закрыты. 3. Какого цвета ваша машина? 4. Почему вы всегда опаздываете? 5.Вы устали? 6. Почему Джон сердится на меня? 7. В молодости мои родители интересовались живописью. 8. Вы замужем? – Нет. 9. Джейн нет сейчас дома. Она на работе. 10. Те люди не англичане. Они австралийцы.

IV. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на предлоги.

1. Чьи тетради на столе? 2. Она кладет ложки в те белые чашки? 3. Пожалуйста, выйдите из комнаты. 4. «Где красный карандаш? Он в портфеле?» - «Нет, не в портфеле. Он на столе». 5. На какой странице он открывает свою книгу?

V. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на указательные местоимения.

1. Вы не можете положить эти вещи в тот портфель. 2. Результаты этой работы прекрасные. 3. Поговорите с теми людьми. 4. Это хорошие книги. 5. Не берите эти деньги.

VI. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму.

1. Listen! Pat … (play) the piano.

2. Hurry up! The bus … (come).

3. «Where are you, George?» - «In the kitchen. I … (cook) a meal».

4. Look! There’s Jan. Where … she … (go)?

5. «… you … (feel) okay?» - «Yes, I … (feel) fine».

VII. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму.

1. Food is expensive. It … (cost) a lot of money.

2. Tina is a teacher. She … (teach) mathematics to young children.

3. «Have a cigarette». - «No, thank you. I … (not / smoke).»

4. She is married but she … (not / wear) a ring.

5. How often … you … (wash) your hair?

VIII. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму.

1. The police … (stop) me on my way home last night.

2. She … (pass) her examination because she … (study) very hard.

3. … you … (go) out last night, Tom?

4. … (be) Tom at work yesterday?

5. It … (rain) all day yesterday.

IX. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на перевод слов much, little, few, many.

1. Многие инженеры нашего учреждения изучают иностранные языки. 2. На столе было много тарелок. 3. У меня мало времени, поэтому я не могу пойти с вами. 4. Я знаю очень много об этом писателе. 5. У меня было мало английских книг дома.

Лицензия № 021319 от 05.01.99 г.

Подписано в печать 23.09.2002. Формат 60 х88 1/16

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