UNit 5 fuel-injection system

1. Read and translate the text:

The fuel-injection system replaces the carburetor in most new vehicles to provide a more efficient fuel delivery system. Electronic sensors respond to varying engine speeds and driving conditions by changing the ratio of fuel to air. The sensors send a fine mist of fuel from the fuel supply through a fuel-injection nozzle into a combustion chamber, where it is mixed with air. The mixture of fuel and air triggers ignition.

2. Learn the new words and word-combinations:

fuel-injection system – інжекторна система

valve – клапан

intake valve – впускний клапан

combustion – згоряння

chamber – камера

piston – поршень

cylinder – циліндр

crankshaft – колінчастий вал

nozzle – сопло, форсунка, отвір

throttle valve – дросельний клапан

electronic control unit – вузол електронного контролю

supply – подавання, притік

efficient – ефективний, продуктивний

fuel delivery system – система подачі пального

sensor – датчик, чутливий елемент

to trigger ignition – викликати запалювання

ratio – пропорція, співвідношення

3. Answer the questions:

1. Where does the fuel-injection system replace the carburetor?

2. What do electronic sensors respond to?

3. Where do the sensors send a fine mist of fuel to?

4. How do the sensors send a fine mist of fuel?

5. Where is fuel mixed with air?

6. What does the mixture of fuel and air do?

4. Translate into Ukrainian:

air cleaner fuel injectors

fuel gauge sending unit

fuel pipe evaporative emission

fuel filter control canister

new vehicles combustion chamber

fuel pump fuel pressure regulator

to replace nozzle

ratio mixture of fuel and air

valve fuel tank

UNit 6 The Cooling System

1. Read and translate the text:

All internal combustion engines have some type of cooling system because of the high temperatures they generate during operation. Water is often used as a coolant. When a vehicle is operated in hot or cold weather, antifreeze should be added to the water in order to prevent freezing or overheating.

A simple liquid-cooling system is composed of a radiator, a coolant pump, rubber hoses, a fan, and a thermostat. The coolant circulates through the system removing heat from the hot metal. A thermostat regulates, or controls, the engine temperature. It automatically controls the flow of the coolant from the radiator to the engine.

2. Answer the questions:

1. Why do all internal combustion engines have some type of cooling system?

2. When do the internal combustion engines generate high temperatures?

3. What liquid is often used as a coolant?

4. When should antifreeze be added?

5. Why should antifreeze be added?

6. What is a simple liquid-cooling system composed of?

7. What is the function of the coolant?

8. What is the function of the thermostat?

9. How does the thermostat control the engine temperature?

3. Match the word with its definition:

1. internal combustion engine; 4) thermostat;

2. coolant; 5) to circulate;

3. antifreeze; 6) automatically.

1. a device for regulating temperature automatically, for example in an oven or in central heating;

2. a liquid added to water to prevent it freezing, used in the radiator of a motor vehicle;

3. a liquid that is used for cooling an engine, a nuclear reactor, etc;

4. a type of engine, in which combustion takes place internally;

5. (of a machine) working by itself without direct human control;

6. to go round or to make something go round for a long time.