The passive voice (Пассивный залог)

Времена в активном и пассивном залогах

Active Voice Passive Voice

Simple to translate to be translated

Continuous to be translating to be being translated

Perfect to have translated to have been translated

Perfect Continuous to have been translating (по лицам и числам изменяется только подчёркнутый глагол)

Глагол употребляется в активном (действительном) залоге, если предмет сам совершает действие:

I speak English. They built the bridge last year.

Если действие совершается над предметом, употребляется пассивный (страдательный) залог:

English is spoken in the UK. The bridge was built last year.

В английском языке пассивный залог употребляется намного чаще, чем в русском языке. При переводе на русский язык предложений в пассивном залоге можно употреблять активный залог.

English is spoken in Great Britain. В Великобритании говорят на английском языке.

The bridge was built last year. Мост построили в прошлом году.

Примеры разных форм Passive Voice:

English is spoken in the UK – Present Simple Passive

The bridge was built last year – Past Simple Passive

The bridge will be built next year - Future Simple Passive

Look! The bridge is being built - Present Progressive Passive

The bridge was being built - Past Progressive Passive

The bridge has already been built - Present Perfect Passive

The bridge had been built before I came to the city - Past Perfect Passive

The bridge will have been built by 2010 - Future Perfect Passive

Passive voice. Тренировочные упражнения

Выберите правильный вариант ответа

1. The Mansion is old, but its beauty ____ .

1) can still have been seen 3) can still be seing

2) can still be seen 4) can still see

2. If there is something important, you ____ in advance.

1) are told 3) will be telling

2) been told 4) will be told

3. I didn't know why she ____.

1) was chosen 3) has been chosen

2) had been chosen 4) is chosen

4. They ____ all the ways of making the wine.

1) were shown 2) shown 3) was showing 4) shows

5. Concorde ____ by film stars and business people.

1) is much using 3) uses much

2) is much used 4) used much

6. We can't use the concert hall yet because it ____.

1) still has built 3) is still being built

2) still having built 4) was still built

7. A lot of lies ____ to her by her boss.

1) were told 2) told 3) have told 4) has told

8. A great deal of property ____ by hurricanes.

1) is destroyed 2) is destroying 3) destroyed 4)has destroyed

9. Some new equipment ____ by the company.

1) had been ordered 3) ordered

2) had ordered 4) order

10. The papers ____ tomorrow.

1) will receive 3) are received

2) will be received 4) received

Passive voice. Контрольный тест

Выберите правильный вариант ответа

1. A new concert hall ____ in the city center.

1) is building 2) is being built 3) built 4) has built

2. Complaints should ____ to the head office.

1) are sent 2) send 3) be sent 4) sent

3. Next year's congress ____ in Washington.

1) was held 2) is held 3) will be held 4) hold

4. I can't find my book. It _____ by someone.

1) is taking 2) has taken 3) has been taken 4) took

5. She ____ by everybody.

1) is liked 2) likes 3) has liked 4) liked

6. The room looks so nice! It ____ since I was last here.

1) has been decorated 3) decorated

2) is decorated 4) has decorated

7. The mail ____ by the postman.

1) were delivered 2) delivered 3) delivers 4) is delivered

8. Tom ____ the money because he didn't work.

1) gives 2) was given 3) wasn't given 4) to give

9. I _____ that Jane was ill.

1) tells 2) telling 3) to tell 4) was told

10. When Jane retired she _____ a gift from her colleagues.

1) presents 2) to present 3) is presented 4) was presented