Сформулируйте вопросы на английском языке и дайте ответы на них. Что изучает физика? Какие разделы физики вы знаете? Что они изучают?
What does physics study? What branches of physics do you know? What do they study?
Physic studies the most common and fundamental laws that define the structure and evolution of the material world.
Mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the motion of material bodies and the interaction between them.
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that studies the relation and conversion of heat and other forms of energy.
Optics is the branch of physics that deals with the phenomenon associated with the spread of electromagnetic waves mainly visible and close to it ranges.
Electrodynamics is the branch of physics that studies the electromagnetic field in the most general case and its interaction with bodies having an electric charge (electromagnetic interaction).
Nuclear physics is the branch of physics that studies the structure and properties of atomic nuclei and their collisions (nuclear reactions).
Atomic physics is the branch of physics that studies the structure and state of the atoms.
Сформулируйте вопросы на английском языке и дайте ответы на них. Какие разделы механики вы знаете? Что является объектом изучения механики? Что изучает кинематика? Что такое механическое движение?
What branches of mechanics do you know? What is the object of study of mechanics? What does the kinematics study? What is the mechanical motion?
Branches of Mechanics: kinematics, dynamics, statics.
Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that studies the mathematical description of the motion of idealized bodies without considering the reasons of motion.
Mechanical motion of body is the changing its position in space relative to other bodies during time interval.
Сформулируйте вопросы на английском языке и дайте ответы на них. Какие способы описания положения частиц в пространстве вы знаете? Опишите их. Что такое система отсчета? Что такое тело отсчета? Что такое система координат?
What methods of describing of position of particle do you know? Describe them. What is reference system? What is reference body? What is the coordinates system?
T
here
are two methods of describing of position of particle in the space:
through coordinates (Cartesian coordinates system) and with help of
radius vector.
Any point in coordinates method can be described by pair of numerical coordinates. In the second method any point can be described by vector, tail of which in the origin and head in point where particle is situated.
Reference system in plane a system that uses coordinates to establish position. It has origin – reference body with coordinates (0;0), and two lines – coordinate axis of the system divided into equal fixed segments.
Сформулируйте вопросы на английском языке и дайте ответы на них. Что такое материальная точка? Что такое радиус-вектор? Что такое твердое тело?
W hat is the material point? What is the radius vector? What is the rigid body?
Material point is the body size and shape of which can be neglected in given problem.
Radius vector is a vector defining the position of a point in space with respect to a pre-fixed point called the origin.
Rigid body is an idealized model, set of points, the distance between the current positions do not change, no matter what influences the body in motion is subjected to.