- •Пояснительная записка
- •Unit 1. Electric current
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Electric current
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 2. Electricity
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Electricity
- •Answer the questions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text. Other generating sources
- •Discuss these questions in pairs.
- •Unit 3. Resistance
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Resistance
- •Answer the questions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Match the words with the meanings.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •Discuss the questions or statements in pairs.
- •Unit 4. Magnetism and electromagnetism
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Magnetism and electromagnetism
- •Answer the questions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •Match these words to their definitions.
- •Discuss the statements in pairs.
- •Unit 5. Inductance
- •Words to remember
- •Read the text and ask 6-8 questions.
- •Inductance
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •In pairs discuss the topics.
- •Unit 6 (part 1). Capacitors
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Capacitors
- •Unit 6 (part 2). Capacitors
- •Read the text. Capacitors
- •Классификация конденсаторов
- •Unit 6 (part 3). Power capacitors
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Power capacitors
- •Unit 7 (part 1). Conductors and insulators
- •Insulators and Conductors
- •Find English equivalents of the following words and word combinations in the text.
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •What answer is incorrect?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Unit 7 (part 2). Conductors and insulators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Suspension insulators
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Match items in column a with items in column b.
- •Complete the table using information from the texts.
- •Unit 7 (part 3). Conductors and insulators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Conductors
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Find English equivalents of the following sentences in the text.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Retell the text ‘Conductors’ using the following word combinations.
- •Unit 7 (part 4). Conductors and insulators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Conductor coverings and connectors
- •Find English equivalents for the following words and word combinations in the text.
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Explain the following terms.
- •Put the questions to each paragraph of the text. Unit 7 (part 5). Conductors and insulators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Porcelain Vs. Polymer
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the table and speak about polymer and porcelain.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 8. Semiconductors
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text and ask 6-8 questions. Semiconductors
- •Find English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations in the text.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •In pairs discuss the topics.
- •Unit 9. Batteries
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Batteries
- •Литиево-ионная батарея
- •Give the summary of the text. Categories and Types of Batteries
- •Unit 10. Amplifiers and oscillators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Amplifiers and oscillators
- •Match these words to their definitions.
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 11 (part 1). The distribution system
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. The distribution system
- •Unit 11 (part 2). Determining distribution voltages
- •Determining distribution voltages
- •Render the text into English.
- •Retell the text using the following words and word-combinations.
- •Unit 12 (part 1). The primary circuit
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. The primary circuit
- •Primary network
- •Unit 12 (part 2). Secondary circuits
- •Secondary circuits
- •Unit 13. Cogeneration
- •Cogeneration
- •Unit 14 (part 1). Motors
- •Dc motors
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Find synonyms of the following words in the text.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Speak about dc motors.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 14 (part 2). Ac motors
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Ac motors
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Find synonyms of the following words in the text.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Speak about ac motors. Unit 14 (part 3). Brushed dc motors
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Brushed dc Motors
- •Match items in column a) with items in column b).
- •Put questions to the text. Motor types
- •Complete the table using the information from the text and speak about different types of motors using the table.
- •Give the summary of the text. The Development of Electric Motor
- •Unit 15. Extra high voltage alternators
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Extra high voltage alternators
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 16. Indicating meters
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text.
- •Indicating meters
- •Answer the questions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Render the text into English.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •Discuss the statement in pairs.
- •Unit 17 (part 1). Transformers
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Transformers
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Put all types of questions to the following sentence.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Make up the plan to the text and retell it.
- •Give the summary of the text.
- •Unit 17 (part 2). Transformers
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. How the transformer works
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Retell the text. Unit 17 (part 3). Transformers
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Transformer rating
- •Give the English equivalents of the following sentences.
- •Make up the plan to the text and retell it. Unit 17 (part 4). Transformers
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Methods of Transformer Cooling
- •Unit 17 (part 5). Transformers
- •Distribution Transformers
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Complete the sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 18. Fuse cutouts
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Fuse cutouts
- •Give the English equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Speak about fuse cutouts. Unit 19. The tunnel diode
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. The tunnel diode
- •Match these words to their definitions.
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Unit 20. Electrical filters
- •Words to remember.
- •Read the text. Electrical filters
- •Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •Are the following sentences True or False?
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the following sentences.
- •Render the text into English.
- •Appendix a. University and faculty Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University
- •I. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Use the following expressions: You are right. You are wrong. You are mistaken. Give your reasons.
- •II. Ask your partner.
- •III. Ask your partner.
- •IV. Answer the following questions.
- •The Automation and Electrical Mechanics Department
- •Appendix b. Outstanding scientists
- •I. Read the texts. Outstanding Scientists
- •Georg Simon Ohm
- •James Joule
- •Benjamin Franklin
- •Hans Christian Orsted
- •Michael Faraday
- •Thomas Alva Edison
- •Nikola Tesla
- •James Watt
- •André-Marie Ampère
- •Georg Simon Ohm
- •Joseph Henry
- •Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
- •Marie Skłodowska Curie
- •William Thomson
- •James Clerk Maxwell
- •Lodygin
- •Yablochkov
- •II. Render the texts into English. Исаак Ньютон
- •Томас Алва Эдисон
- •Мария Склодовская–Кюри
- •Appendix c. Grammar references The Infinitive
- •Функции инфинитива
- •Структуры с инфинитивом The Complex Subject (сложное подлежащее)
- •Passive
- •The Complex Object (сложное дополнение)
- •I. Translate the sentences with Infinitive into Russian.
- •II. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to function of Infinitive.
- •III. Translate the sentences into English using different forms of the Infinitive.
- •Complex Subject with the Infinitive
- •I. Complete the sentences using the verb in brackets and translate.
- •II. Translate the sentences into English using Complex Subject with the Infinitive.
- •III. Put questions to the words given in bold type.
- •IV. Answer the questions using the verb in brackets.
- •V. Find the predicate in sentences. Determine the function of the Infinitive in sentences and translate them.
- •Complex Object with the Infinitive
- •I. Translate the following sentences form English into Russian.
- •II. Answer the question using the verb in brackets.
- •III. Translate from Russian into English.
- •The Participle (причастие)
- •The Absolute Participial Construction Независимый Причастный Оборот
- •I. Determine the function of the participle in sentences and translate them.
- •II. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the Participle I and II.
- •IV. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •V. Complete the sentences choosing the appropriate form of the Participle I or II in brackets.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the translation of Participle II with adverbs.
- •Absolute participle construction
- •I. Find the sentences with Absolute participle construction and translate them.
- •II. Translate the sentences into English.
- •III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Absolute participle construction.
- •The Gerund (герундий)
- •Функции
- •I. Put the questions to the words given in bold type.
- •II. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using Gerund.
- •III. Translate from English into Russian.
- •IV. Find the sentences with Gerund and Participle, determine the function and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Revision Exercises
- •Appendix d. Writing a summary
- •Appendix e. Writing letters
- •I. Letter Layout
- •Components of a Letter
- •Sample of a formal letter and an envelope
- •1. Write the following dates which are placed below the sender’s address:
- •2. Correct mistakes in the following dates:
- •3. Complete the following by indicating the dates in the body of the Letter.
- •5. Correct the following letter layout:
- •II. Letters of Invitation task
- •Letter 1
- •Second International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science srms-2 October 31 – November 4, 2005 International Conference Center Kobe Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
- •Letter 3
- •International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics
- •Letter 4
- •Letter 1
- •Letter 2
- •Letter 3
- •Letter 4
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •Letter 1
- •Letter 2
- •Letter 3
- •Letter 4
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •Read the samples and notice phrases and sentences that express a request.
- •Letter 4
- •Letter 5
- •Letter 1
- •Letter 2
- •Letter 3
- •Letter 4
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •IV. Letters of Inquiry
- •Letter 1
- •Letter 3
- •Letter 4
- •Tasks 1
- •Letter 1
- •Letter 1
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •1. Write a letter in which you:
- •2. Write a letter in which you:
- •3. Write a letter in which you:
- •Test on Letter-writing Situations
- •The curriculum vitae
- •The letter of application
- •Making a presentation
- •Appendix f. Supplementary texts Tesla coil
- •Superconductivity
- •Linear motors
- •Brushless dc electric motor
- •Coreless dc Motors
- •Classification of a.C. Motors
- •Synchronous motors
- •Asynchronous motors
- •Induction Motor : General Principle
- •Stepper motors
- •Magnetism
- •Sources of magnetism
- •Diamagnetism
- •Paramagnetism
- •Ferromagnetism
- •Magnetic domains
- •603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24.
- •Т.В. Захарченко, л.С. Исмакова, н.В. Соколова
- •Guide to electrical study
- •Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов II курса фаэ
Match these words to their definitions.
alternator
gear
to earth
cleanliness
removal
latter
grade
surface
slot
screening
precipitate
to make electrical equipment safe by connecting it to the ground with a wire
taking something away
a long narrow hole made in a surface, especially for putting something into
the outside or top layer of an object
an electric generator for producing alternating current
the machinery in a vehicle that turns power from the engine into movement
being the second of two people or things
tests or checks done to make sure that someone or something is suitable for a particular purpose
to make someone fall forwards or downwards with great force
to separate things or arrange them in order according to their quality or rank
the practice of keeping yourself or the things around you clean
Give the Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
Extra high voltage alternators, distribution systems, added cost of step-up transformers, additional switchgear, machines of lower voltage, earthing of neutrals, third circulating currents, schemes of differential protection apply, special construction of windings, precautions in manufacture, removal of surface dampness, slot and end winding insulation, grading to cope with the higher stresses, formation of free moisture, air leaks in the ventilation system, be subjected to a periodical insulation test, results logged, brush discharge, the latter eliminates, localized voids, using suitable probes.
Are the following sentences True or False?
The operating technique for high voltage generators is different from machines of lower voltage.
Great care in the removal of surface dampness isn’t necessary.
The chief characteristic of the high voltage alternator is the special gear and end winding insulation.
The condition of the ventilation system and the maintenance of a high degree of moisture are important.
The possibility of the formation of free moisture in the machine spaces doesn’t have to be watched.
H.V. alternators should not be subjected to a periodical insulation test.
Answer the questions.
What is the number of generators operating at high voltage?
What is the main recommendation for generating at high voltage?
Is the operating technique for high voltage generators the same as for machines of lower voltage?
What is necessary to be done to avoid short circuit?
What is the chief characteristic of the high voltage alternator?
What factors are of the first importance with H.V. alternators?
What is to be watched due to too low air temperature?
What should be subjected to a periodical insulation test and why?
How can the prevention of brush discharging be accomplished?
What can be used for reducing discharge in localised voids?
Complete the following sentences.
The number of … operating at extra high … is relatively small.
The chief characteristic of the high voltage … is the special … and end … .
The possibility of the formation of free … in the … spaces has to be watched.
… … should be subjected to a periodical insulation test.
The screening effect produced by the semi-conducting preparations eliminates free … … .
Coated … for the … portions have also been used with the object of reducing discharge.
Render the text into English.
Генератор переменного тока (альтернатор) является электромеханическим устройством, которое преобразует механическую энергию в электрическую энергию переменного тока. Большинство генераторов переменного тока используют вращающееся магнитное поле.
Принцип действия генератора основан на явлении электромагнитной индукции – возникновении электрического напряжения в обмотке статора, находящейся в переменном магнитном поле. Оно создается с помощью вращающегося электромагнита – ротора при прохождении по его обмотке постоянного тока. Переменное напряжение преобразуется в постоянное полупроводниковым выпрямителем.
Генератор переменного тока используется на современных автомобилях для заряда батареи аккумуляторов и для энергоснабжения автомобильной электрической системы. Генераторы переменного тока имеют большое преимущество над генераторами постоянного тока из-за не использования коммутатора, что делает их проще, легче и дешевле, чем генераторы постоянного тока. Автомобильные генераторы переменного тока используют набор выпрямителей (диодный мост) для преобразования переменного тока в постоянный ток. Для производства постоянного тока с низкими пульсациями, автомобильные генераторы переменного тока имеют трёхфазную обмотку и трёхфазный выпрямитель.
БЕСЩЁТОЧНЫЕ ГЕНЕРАТОРЫ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ТОКА
Бесщеточный генератор состоит из двух генераторов на одном валу. Маленькие бесщеточные генераторы могут выглядеть как одна единица, но две части легко идентифицируются на больших генераторах. Большая часть из двух является основным генератором и меньшая является возбудителем. Возбудитель имеет стационарные катушки поля и вращающегося якоря (мощность катушек). Основной генератор использует противоположные конфигурации с вращающимся полем и стационарные катушки. Мостовой выпрямитель (вращающийся выпрямитель) монтируется на пластину, прикрепленную к ротору. Ни щетки, ни контактные кольца не используются, что сокращает число изнашивающихся частей.
ИНДУКЦИОННЫЙ ГЕНЕРАТОР
В отличие от остальных генераторов, в основе работы индукционного генератора лежит не вращающееся магнитное поле, а пульсирующее, иначе говоря поле изменяется не в функции перемещения, а в функции времени, что в конечном счёте (наведение ЭДС) даёт такой же результат.
Конструкция индукционных генераторов предполагает размещение и постоянного поля и катушек для наведения ЭДС на статоре, ротор же остаётся свободным от обмоток, но обязательно имеет зубцовую форму, так как вся работа генератора основана на зубцовых гармониках ротора.
ГЕНЕРАТОРЫ ДЛЯ МАЛОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ
Для мощностей до 100 кВт широкое применение нашли одно и трехфазные генераторы с возбуждением от постоянных магнитов. Применение высокоэнергетических постоянных магнитов состава неодим-железо-бор позволило упростить конструкцию и значительно уменьшить размеры и вес генераторов, что является критически важным для малой ветроэнергетики.