Вариант 4

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните и определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –(е)s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Water for concrete mixtures should not contain substances that harm the concrete.

2. Strength of materials is a branch of engineering that deals with the behaviour of materials in response to applied forces.

3. Ozone discolours dyed materials, cracks rubber and adds to the total cost of producing tires by requiting the addition of antioxidant chemicals.

4. A good mortar sticks to the surface of the bricks or stones and hardens to lock them together.

5. Before construction of the Brooklyn Bridge even began, the bridge’s chief engineer, John A. Roebling died.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них пассивные конструкции. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.

1. A trowel is used to apply mortar between the bricks.

2. Later Greek and early Roman stone structures were built without mortar.

3. The abacus has been used for thousands of years and has appeared in various forms in different countries.

4. The construction of a new bridge will have been accomplished by the end of this month.

5. Plastic materials are not found as such in nature.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол–сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог; укажите его инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. John Smeaton, the builder of the famous Eddystone lighthouse near Plymouth, was the first to call himself a “civil engineer”.

2. Fine aggregates are sometimes manufactured from larger pieces of aggregate by crushing, grinding and rolling.

3. The engineers will be working on a new project over the next three months.

4. Composed of calcium silicates, Portland cement is a key ingredient in concrete.

5. Since it opened to traffic in 1987 the sleek, new Sunshine Skyway Bridge has won dozens of engineering and design awards.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения. Дополните предложения глаголами to be или to have в требующейся видовременной форме. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Concrete … strong in compression but weak in tension.

2. Concrete blocks … made of Portland cement, water and a variety of aggregates.

3. Though it was originally constructed for pedestrian use, the Thames Tunnel … adapted for trains in 1865.

4. Non-ferrous metals … the following characteristics: high conductivity and light weight.

5. Concrete … poor elastic and tensional properties, but it is rigid, strong and durable.