- •Федеральное агентство по образованию
- •English grammar: a key to successful communication:
- •Учебно-методическое пособие
- •Печатается по постановлению Редакционно-издательского совета Нижневартовского государственного гуманитарного университета
- •English Grammar: a Key to Successful Communication: The Essentials. Part 1: Учебно-методическое пособие / Сост. Р. Я. Солодкин. – Нижневартовск: нггу, 2009. – 51 с.
- •Unit 1. The verb to be
- •1.1. Complete the sentences using a suitable form of the verb “to be”.
- •1.2. Render the sentences into English.
- •Unit 2. Numerals
- •2.1. Say the following numerals in English.
- •2.2. Say the following dates in English.
- •2.3. “What time is it?”
- •2.4. Find the errors in these statements and correct them.
- •2.5. Give an English equivalent for the underlying sentences.
- •3.1. Rewrite the sentences, using there is or there are.
- •3.2. Rewrite the sentences, using there was or there were.
- •3.3. Make these sentences into questions. Begin each question with the words given.
- •3.4. Fill in the gaps with it or there.
- •3.5. Complete the sentences using there is or it is. Use inversion where necessary.
- •3.6. Rewrite these sentences to begin with “there” as an impersonal subject.
- •3.7. Make ten sentences from this table.
- •3.8. Rewrite each sentence, ending as shown, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, and so that it contains it or there.
- •3.9. The word “it” has been left out of these sentences. The number in brackets tells you how many times it should occur. Show where it should be.
- •3.10. Rewrite these sentences with “it” and a “to”-infinitive clause.
- •3.11. Give an English equivalent for the following sentences.
- •Unit 4. Questions
- •4.1. Expand the “What about…?” phrases to make “yes/no”-questions.
- •4.2. Complete the “yes/no”-questions using the endings given.
- •4.3. Use the “wh”-words below to complete the questions which follow.
- •4.4. Rearrange the parts of the sentences to make questions with “wh”-words as subject.
- •4.5. Expand the “What about…?” phrases to make questions with “wh”-words as object.
- •4.6. Do these questions starting and finishing with the words given.
- •4.7. Write questions to which the words in bold are the answers.
- •4.8. Write a who or what question for each answer.
- •4.9. Write a question to each answer.
- •4.10. Match the questions and answers.
- •4.11. Here are some of the things people say at parties. Match the statements with the question tags.
- •4.12. Add the question tags.
- •4.13. Mark and Jenny went into the travel agent’s to book a holiday. These are some of the questions that were asked. Add the question tags.
- •4.14. Mark and Jenny were showing some family photographs to a friend. Here are some of the questions that were asked. Complete the questions by adding the question tags.
- •4.15. Complete these questions with the appropriate question tags.
- •4.16. Use question tags to complete these sentences.
- •4.17. Add question tags to these statements to make them into questions asking someone to confirm what you are saying, or to agree with you.
- •4.18. Add suitable question tags.
- •4.19. Add a question tag to each sentence.
- •4.20. Write a short answer for each question, beginning as shown.
- •4.21. Rewrite these requests using question tags.
- •4.22. Make a new sentence with a tag question which has the same meaning as the first sentence, beginning as shown. Make any necessary changes.
- •4.23. Render the following into English.
- •Unit 5. Possession
- •5.1. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
- •5.2. Complete these sentences by adding a possessive.
- •5.3. Complete these sentences by adding a possessive with “own”.
- •5.4. Complete the sentences by adding an apostrophe or an apostrophe s (’s) to the word or word combination in brackets.
- •5.5. Put an apostrophe where necessary.
- •5.6. Rewrite the replies to these questions.
- •5.7. For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using no more than three words.
- •5.8. Find the errors in these sentences. Rewrite each sentence.
- •5.9. Rewrite these sentences using “a … of” instead of “one of”.
- •5.10. Give the English for the following sentences.
- •Unit 6. Pronouns
- •6.1. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •6.2. Complete the following sentences with “they”, “them” or “their”.
- •6.3. Use the correct reflexive pronouns to complete the following sentences.
- •6.4. Complete each sentence so that it includes a suitable form of one of the verbs from the box, and a reflexive pronoun.
- •6.5. Add personal pronouns to complete the story.
- •6.6. Choose a personal pronoun or a reflexive pronoun to complete these sentences correctly.
- •6.7. Change the phrases “on one’s own” to “by oneself”.
- •6.8. Supply the English for the underlying sentences.
- •Unit 7. Making comparisons
- •7.1. Write down the comparative and superlative forms of the adjectives below.
- •7.2. Correct the spelling of these words where necessary.
- •7.3. Complete these sentences using the comparative of the adjectives in brackets and “than”.
- •7.4. Form the comparative of the adjectives in these phrases and use the phrases in the sentences below.
- •7.5. Make sentences with a comparative form and “than”, using the words given.
- •7.6. Complete these sentences using the comparative and the superlative of the adjectives given.
- •7.7. Complete the following sentences using superlative adjectives in front of the nouns.
- •7.8. Put one suitable word in each space, beginning with the letter given. The number of letters in the word is suggested.
- •7.9. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
- •7.10. Complete each sentence with a comparative or superlative form of the word in bold. Include any other necessary words.
- •7.11. Choose the correct answer.
- •7.12. Change not as … as into less … than.
- •7.13. Supply as … as, not as … as, less. More than one answer may be possible.
- •7.14. Choose the correct answer.
- •7.15. Rewrite the sentences using the words in bold.
- •7.16. Put one suitable word in each space.
- •7.17. Put one suitable word in each space.
- •7.18. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
- •7.19. For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using no more than three words.
- •7.20. Give an English equivalent for the sentences.
- •Recommended learning resources Reference and grammar books
- •Dictionaries
- •Internet resources
3.4. Fill in the gaps with it or there.
1. … is a tree in the garden. … is an apple tree.
2. … looks as if … is going to rain.
3. … is strange that … are no restaurants in this town.
4. A: Who’s that at the door? – B: … is only me!
5. A: Which house is yours? – B: … is the one at the end of the street.
6. … seems to be something under the cupboard, but what is …?
7. … appears that … was nobody at home when I phoned.
8. A: Did you enjoy the party? – B: No. … weren’t many people there. … was boring.
9. A: … is someone on the phone for you. I think … is David. – B: Hold on. I’ll be there in a jiffy.
10. A: Was that a Ferrari going past? – B: I didn’t see … .
11. A: Look! … is your friend! – B: Oh yes! …’s Ian.
12. A: When did you last play a game of chess? – B: I haven’t played … for months.
13. A: Have you got your umbrella with you? – B: No. … wasn’t raining this morning, so I left … at home.
14. A: Did you sleep late yesterday? – B: Yes. By the time I woke up, … was lunchtime.
15. A: Have you got a bike? – B: No. I used to have … , but then I sold … .
16. A: Look at this mess! … are toys everywhere. – B: Sorry. I’ll tidy up.
17. A: Did you visit the Great Barrier Reef? – B: No. … wasn’t enough time.
18. A: Could I have the bill, please? – B: Certainly. I’ll bring … at once.
19. A: … seems to be a mistake in this report. – B: Oh, sorry. I’ll type … again.
20. A: Josie is very pretty. – B: No doubt. … doesn’t matter what she wears, she always looks drop-dead gorgeous.
3.5. Complete the sentences using there is or it is. Use inversion where necessary.
1. … late, we must hurry up.
2. … much snow in winter.
3. … a gripping reality show on TV tonight. … about extreme sports.
4. A: … any milk in the fridge? – B: Yes, … .
5. … no lift in our house.
6. … time to go for a stroll.
7. What … on the table?
8. … plenty of time. We needn’t be in a hurry.
9. … very cold. Shut the window, please.
10. … a new building in our street. … our university.
11. … a cat in our garden. … our neighbour’s.
12. … a letter for you on the table. I think … from your mother.
13. … a new route to the town centre from here and … significantly shorter than the old one.
14. … any wine on the table? … sweet or dry?
15. … a hole in my shoe. … rather large.
3.6. Rewrite these sentences to begin with “there” as an impersonal subject.
Model: Two general elections took place that year. – There were two general elections that year.
1. We have a class every Friday.
2. We hold a meeting at 3 p.m. on Tuesdays.
3. Lots of children were at the concert.
4. A few friends come round at weekends.
5. People give lots of parties at Christmas.
6. An accident often happens if people are not careful.
7. You made a mistake in your essay.
8. I saw two men in the hall.
9. They had a fierce fight in the bar last night.
10. We received two telephone calls yesterday.
11. Paul has a sofa, a wall unit and two armchairs in his drawing-room.
12. His decision evokes a great deal of anger.
13. Lots of people have accommodation on campus.
14. Music has a brilliant future in this town.
15. Seven years ago a murder took place in the house he lives in.