38. Safety Training on the Forecastle (cd2-7)

A/Off: Do you know what this is?

Avarro: It is a bow-chain stopper.

A/Off: Right. When berthing at SBM, take the chain from the SBM into this lead. When three or four chain-links pass through, use the stopper to clamp it down. It's easy but dangerous. You should start with the messenger rope, then the hawser, and the chain follows the wire rope. But it can get caught in the Panama hole and break.

Avarro: What do we do then?

A/Off: You must follow the Chief Officer's directions and watch out for running ropes. Try to avoid any broken ropes, and be sure to keep an eye on them.

Avarro: At school, we were told that taking a rope stopper was very dangerous.

A/Off: Make sure to handle a rope stopper only after the Chief Officer tells you it is safe. Never think that it is safe on your own. Many seamen have been injured in this situation, and many have lost their lives.

Avarro: I understand. Is the same true for tug lines?

A/Off: When we are loading at port, the ship's freeboard is large, which means that the height from the deck to the tugboat is very high. So a big tug line is used. You also have to use a big messenger line when you wind it on the warping end or when using a capstan. Make sure to do this with the help of as many crewmembers as possible, and follow the Chief Officer's orders.

forecastle: upper deck of a ship located at the bow

bow-chain stopper: a device for stopping a bow chain

clamp: to hold down or hold steady, a device for holding something in place

messenger rope: a rope used for hauling a cable = messenger line; a smaller rope to guide a larger rope or cable

Panama hole: a mooring hole for leading a rope or cable keep an eye on ...: to keep a close watch, to pay attention to... rope stopper : a device for stopping and stabilizing a rope many have lost their lives....: many people have been killed tug lines: a rope or cable used for hauling something or tugging a ship warping end: the twisted end of a rope or cable capstan: device used for lifting a heavy material (by winding a cable)

39. Using the Accommodation Ladder (CD2-8)

2/Off: Ramos, a service boat is coming. Lower the accommodation ladder on the

starboard side. Ramos: It was lowered on the port side.

2/Off: The port side is no good! There is a strong wind and the waves are high. You must

use the starboard side. It is sheltered from the wind and the waves are not as big

there.

Ramos: Yes, sir. I will lower it there.

2/Off: There seems to be one of our crewmember's family on board. I'm going down with

a safety vest. Prepare an air-light to brighten the place up. The Bridge's wing lights

might be bright enough.

Ramos: Yes, sir. You can use it as soon as you open the air valve.

(At the bottom of the accommodation ladder)

2/Off: Ramos, OK, stop. The waves are high, so I'll lower it when the boat comes closer.

Ramos: Yes, sir.

(The Third Mate is on the boat)

3/Off: Second Officer, we're almost level. Can we transfer now?

2/Off: Are there guests on board?

3/Off: Yes, two women.

2/Off: You help them onto the boat, and I'll help them from here. Tell them to take their time. Show them how to transfer when the boat is coming up and not when it is about to go down. And don't let them carry their luggage. I will give you a rope later so we can carry the bags up.

3/Off: Yes, sir. Let's go!

accommodation ladder: a ladder used for boarding or leaving a ship

sheltered from: protected from the effects of...

safety vest: inflatable jacket or vest that will keep a person floating when cast into water

wing lights : lamps found on the ships wings

we're almost level: we are almost of the same height

transfer: to move over, to change over

luggage: suitcase or other cases carried by a traveler

40. Safety on the Stairway (CD2-9)

(In the Engine Room)

Santos: Good morning, sir.

1/Eng: Good morning.

Santos: The sea is a little rough today, isn't it?

1/Eng: You are up bright and early this morning! We're right in the middle of the

monsoon. The waves are very big. Be extra careful in the stairway.

Santos: Yes, I'll hold on firmly to the handrail and be very careful.

1/Eng: Just a moment! That's dangerous. When you hold onto the handrail with your right

hand forward, your left hand should be behind you, like this. It's easier for you to

keep your balance that way and not slip.

Santos: I see. Like this? You're right!

1/Eng: It's also dangerous to carry tools when you climb stairs. You should put them in

your pockets or in a tool bag tied around you. Santos: I understand. My flashlight is in my left pocket, and my rag and wrench are in my right one.

1/Eng: Also, take your time so you don't slip and fall. Be careful where you step, and

always watch your head.

Santos: Yes, sir. By the way, when I was in the store looking for some spare parts, I saw a

big wooden box about two meters long, 50 centimeters wide and one meter high.

What's it for, and what's inside of it?

1/Eng: It's an old valve that has to be landed at the next dry dock. We replaced it with a

new one during our last voyage.

stairway: set of steps for moving up or down the different floor levels

handrail: a railing to hold on to for better balance or support

keep your balance: not to fall, maintain an upright posture

flashlight: small portable lamp

take your time: don't rush, don't hurry

landed: stopped, positioned

dry dock: a pool-like structure where water can be emptied to repair a ship

replaced: changed with something else

44

41. Safety in the Galley (CD2-10)

C.Stew: Good morning.

Cruz: Good morning. It sure smells good here.

C.Stew: Be careful! The ship is rocking. Don't drop your dishes.

Cruz: It must be tough to cook on a day like this. Now 1 know why you always wear

safety shoes in the galley.

C.Stew: Yes. Even in the galley we have to be careful. You could slip and drop a knife on

your foot or a load of dishes on the floor, especially when the sea is as rough as it

is now. Imagine what could happen if we were barefoot.

Cruz: Especially with all of those hot dishes you serve.

C.Stew: Exactly. And we can't see the waves like you can outside. Oh, the sea off Durban

in South Africa is really terrible! But come monsoons or typhoons, everyone

expects their meal to be ready. We can't let everyone down by not being safe.

Cruz: How do you stop the dishes from sliding off the shelves';'

C.Stew: That is a problem. When we are in rough seas, sometimes the dishes even fly out

of the deep sink, so we can't put the dishes anywhere when the sea is that rough.

Cruz: Wow! It must be even worse on a small ship.

C.Stew: Yes, then we wouldn't even be able to sit down and eat normally. Anyway, we all

have to be careful when the ship pitches and rolls.

rocking: a ship moving from side to side

barefoot: not wearing any foot gear such as shoes

typhoons: a tropical low-pressure air mass with strong winds and heavy rain

let everyone down: make everybody feel bad or sad

sink: a basin for washing dirty dishes and utensils

normally: usually, ordinarily

pitches and rolls: vertical and sideways movements of a ship

45

42. Safety in the Cabin (CD2-11)

Cruz: (Rushing into Santos's cabin) What happened? I heard a loud noise!

Santos: That was close! I was standing on a chair trying to change a light bulb, and the

chair moved and I fell down. These waves are really big.

Cruz: Are you hurt?

Santos: I'm OK, but I fell hard on my arm. And the light bulb is smashed.

Cruz: I'll help you clean up.

Santos: Thanks, but I'll take care of it. It was stupid of me to stand on a chair in such

rough seas.

Cruz: That reminds me of the Second Officer. He went on his watch, and when he came

back to his cabin, his bottle of whiskey had fallen on the floor and broke. He

couldn't sleep because of the smell.

Santos: That's too bad. Actually, the sea wasn't so rough at midnight when the Second

Officer started his watch, but it was terrible by morning.

Cruz: The Second Officer was worrying about his bottle of whiskey, but he couldn't

return to his cabin while on duty.

Santos: He also said that he lost his favorite pen because of the ship rocking so much.

Cruz: How did that happen?

Santos: After writing to his wife last night, he left the pen on his desk. It rolled off the desk

and fell into the trash can. He threw away his garbage this morning not knowing

the pen was inside.

Cruz: What a shame! That was close! : I almost hurt myself! Oh, I barely managed to escape harm!

light bulb: electric light with a glowing filament inside

hurt: to get injured

smashed: broken into small bits

It was stupid of me....: I was stupid to do such a thing....

...went on his watch : started his shift of duty

on duty: working, not resting

rolled off: moved off in a rolling motion

trash can: a garbage can, a container for thrown out waste

garbage: food waste, trash, worthless thing

What a shame!: a great disappointment

46

Chapter 4. Health and Hygiene

43. Making a Habit of Washing Your Hands (CD2-12)

Perez: Assistant Officer, will you give me some liquid soap for the toilet in front of the

COC?

A/Off: Sure, I'll go and get some.

Perez: It goes quickly because everybody always washes their hands.

A/Off: Well, we are always worried about food poisoning and infections on board, so the

steward crew wash their hands before they start cooking. One Chief Steward has

his crew wash their hands whenever they enter the galley.

Perez: That makes sense.

A/Off: Once, a mess boy was cleaning the galley with his pants rolled up. When he

finished cleaning, he rolled his pants down and served a dish without washing his

hands first. He got into a lot of trouble for that. Perez: Sanitation is important on board.

A/Off: We always have to be careful. Viruses travel very easily through human contact.

Perez: There is no doctor on board so we must all pay attention to our hygiene.

A/Off: Recently, many people were sick with 0-157 bacterial infection. It cannot be

washed away without soap. It would be really bad if that bacteria appeared on

board. It has been a problem in Japan.

Perez: I'll make sure to always wash my hands.

A/Off: Assistant Officer liquid soap: detergent in liquid form food poisoning: getting sick from eating rotten or spoiled food infection(s): a disease caused by infectious microorganisms, e.g., bacteria, viruses That makes sense.: That is quite reasonable. I can understand that well. with his pants rolled up...: he had the end of his pants rolled up, not down... got into a lot of trouble: caused a big trouble, was scolded sanitation: protecting public and personal health viruses: very small microorganisms (smaller than bacteria), which often cause diseases human contact: by touching or coming near pay attention to ...: be attentive, be careful about... hygiene: promoting and preserving health

0-157 bacterial infection: disease of the digestive tract caused by 0-157, which is a potent strain ofE.coli, a colon bacteria

47

44. Sanitation and Cleaning (CD2-13)

Perez: I'm tired of starting cleaning at 6:30 every morning.

A/Off: Did you say something?

Perez: No, I was just talking to myself.

A/Off: How do you think the rest of the crew would feel if the whole place was dirty

when they got up?

Perez: You're right.

A/Off: And since we clean everyday, it doesn't get too dirty. If we only cleaned when it

was very dirty, it would be a lot harder.

Perez: We clean here everyday, but what about the rest of the boat?

A/Off: We clean the walls and ceilings in the General Office, too. You may not notice

easily, but tar and nicotine from cigarettes make walls and ceilings turn ugly

yellow.

Perez: Yes, that's right. I've noticed lots of oil stains in the corridors.

A/Off: Well, the ship is our home and a clean ship is a safe ship.

Perez: I understand. If the whole place was dirty, if the paint was peeling off, if it was

rusty all over, and if there were things lying around, I would feel like I was on a

rotten ship. And I wouldn't care about it.

A/Off: Exactly. Feeling good about the ship makes you feel good about yourself.

talking to myself: mumbling or muttering in an inaudible voice

rest of: the remainder, all of the other people

ceiling(s): the top-most part of a room

tar: dark, oily, sticky substance made mainly of hydrocarbons

nicotine: colorless, poisonous substance from a tobacco plant

oil stains: dirty spots made by spilt oil

corridor(s): passage, hallway

peeling off: coming off in thin flakes or sheets

rotten: spoilt, something gone bad

48

45. Deck Cleaning (CD2-14)

A/Off: First, start sweeping. Avarro, start vacuuming A-Deck.

Avarro: Yes, sir.

A/Off: As for the rest of you, go to A-Deck and get the buckets, sponges, mops, and liquid

soap. Then clean the walls and ceilings. Wipe the fluorescent lamps, too.

Perez: Yes, sir. What should I use for the tough oily spots?

A/Off: Pour undiluted soap on a sponge and wipe thoroughly. If that doesn't work, use

paint thinner.

Perez: OK. I'll try that.

A/Off: After washing with soap, change the water and rinse the whole place with clean

water. That gets rid of all the dirt.

Perez: I'll change the water now.

A/Off: After you finish cleaning the walls and ceiling, you must mop the floor. Remember

to change the water frequently.

Avarro: Yes, sir.

A/Off: And if there are oily or greasy spots, use undiluted soap or thinner, and then mop

again.

Perez: Should we polish the doorknobs?

A/Off: After you finish mopping.

Avarro: Assistant Officer, I finished mopping the floor. Shall I go down one deck?

A/Off: Not yet. We should take a break. Avarro, will you go to the COC and make some

coffee for us?

Avarro: Yes, sir. I'll carry down these sponges to the next deck on my way to the COC.

A/Off: Thank you.

fluorescent lamp(s): a lamp made of a glowing glass tube; glowing is caused by discharged electrons

undiluted: full strength or concentrated

thinner: usu. turpentine or similar liquids used to dilute paint, etc.

rinse: to wash off with a lot of water or other liquids

dirt: ground, soil, filthy substances

mop: to clean or wipe with a mop

greasy: dirty with oily or waxy substances

polish: to brush or wipe until something shines; buff

take a break: stop work and rest (usu. for a short while)

on my way: just going to do something

49

46. Keeping Your Cabin Tidy (CD2-15)

(Today is a day off. The Assistant Officer is knocking at Perez's door. Perez answers.)

A/Off: Good morning. Are you still sleeping?

Perez: Good morning, sir. No, I got up at 8 o'clock this morning. I was just reading in

bed.

A/Off: You should go and have breakfast now. Wow, your cabin is a real pigpen. You

should clean it up. Today is a good day for that.

Perez: I was thinking of doing that myself.

A/Off: The ship will have a de-ratting inspection in Japan. So you must clean everywhere,

even under the bed. Make sure you dust, too.

Perez: What do they check during the inspection?

A/Off: They check if the ship meets the standard rules for sanitation. For example, if they

find cockroaches or mouse droppings, the ship will fail the inspection.

Perez: Do they check the cabins?

A/Off: Yes, they do. Inspectors always check the cabins. They always check the drawers

under the beds to see if there is mouse excrement. So you must keep them clean.

Perez: I understand. I will vacuum the whole cabin today.

A/Off: Good. A clean room is better for your health.

pigpen: a pen for keeping pigs in, a dirty or untidy place de-ratting inspection: a check to see that rats are not around sanitation: promoting public health cockroach(es): common household pest dropping(s): excrement inspector(s): examiner

excrement: animal or insect droppings, bodily waste vacuum: to clean with vacuum suction pressure

5047. Garbage Disposal (CD2-16)

Ramos: What's that floating in the water? It looks like oil, doesn't it? That's terrible! Who

would do such a thing?

2/Off: I bet it's the ballast discharge from another ship cleaning their tank. How awful!

Ramos: Do you think that it will wash away?

2/Off: In the deep sea, everyone thinks that everything will wash away, but thinking like

that is spoiling the sea. Nature is being destroyed. And it's not only because of oil

spills.

Ramos: Yes, I saw a lot of plastic bottles floating around, too.

2/Off: It is forbidden to dispose of anything in the water when in a harbor. MARPOL

imposes disposal rules for oily wastes, bilge, and daily wastes to prevent marine

pollution. Our disposal standards on board meet these rules.

Ramos: That's why we separate the plastic from the rest of the garbage and incinerate it in

the Engine Room. Then we discharge the ashes at least three miles away from the

nearest land.

2/Off: Right. But the standards in the United States are even more strict. Disposal of

anything in the sea is prohibited within their exclusive economic zone, that is,

within 200 miles of their coast.

Ramos: So we should never throw garbage into the sea.

2/Off: Exactly, not even a beer can or a cigarette butt.

ballast: seawater carried in a ship's tank to maintain a good balance, seawater used to flush the tanks in this case

discharge: eliminate, something thrown away awful: terrible, very bad or unfavorable plastic bottles: bottles made of plastic ...is forbidden: ... is not allowed, is not permitted dispose of...: to throw away, to get rid of

MARPOL: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships bilge: in this case used to mean bilge water, dirty water that collects in the ship's bilge (lowest inner part of a ship's hull)

marine pollution: making the sea dirty, polluting the sea separate: not together

incinerate: to bum, to dispose of something by burning is prohibited: something is not allowed exclusive economic zone: a territorial water claimed by a government cigarette butt: unburned end of a cigarette

51

48. Washing Clothes (CD2-17)

Santos: Is your washing finished?

Cruz: It will be soon. I'll tell you when it's done. It's now in the spin cycle so it'll just be

one or two more minutes.

Santos: I saw someone rinsing something under running water. Isn't that wasteful?

Cruz: Yes. Even though we can get as much water as we need from the Engine Room

evaporator, we still need to make a habit of saving water. Santos: Right. I also try not to use too much detergent. That way it takes less fresh water to

rinse my laundry. Cruz: I bought this detergent in Japan. It's really strong so just one little scoop does the

job! Another good thing is that it helps prevent marine pollution. It breaks down

easily.

Santos: Next time we stop in Japan, I'll buy some, too. Cruz: OK, I'm done. I'll hang up my clothes now. Wow! You have a lot of clothes to

wash! Santos: I've been very busy and I haven't been doing much washing. I don't have anything

clean to wear anymore. Cruz: You have to stay clean or you'll get sick. No matter how busy you are, you should

always wash your clothes. Santos: I know. I was just lazy. I won't let it happen again.

in the spin cycle: laundry is being dried by the spin dryer of a washing machine rinsing: cleaning or washing with a lot of liquid wasteful: causing or making a lot of waste evaporator: a machine for turning something into vapor detergent: a chemical used for washing and cleaning laundry: clothes that need to be washed or are being washed scoop: a cup-full, a shovel-like tool

break(s) down: a substance changing into simpler or basic units hang up: to suspend (to let air dry in this case), to hold downward

52

49. The Importance of a Balanced Diet (CD2-18)

C.Stew: You shouldn't eat so quickly!

Perez: I'm starving. And this food is so good that I can't help it.

C.Stew: In Japan, we say that chewing your food well keeps you in good health.

Perez: I see.

C.Stew: Don't you like vegetables?

Perez: Yes, I do. But the meat here is so good that I only eat meat and fish.

C.Stew: It's easier for us to serve meat and fish on board. It is harder to preserve vegetables.

And it's wasteful to have all these leftover vegetables. Perez: I heard that meat is more nutritious and that eating meat gives you more energy

than eating vegetables.

C.Stew: That's not true. Young men use more energy so they need more protein, and

maybe it's good that you eat meat. But to eat a good balanced meal is the most

important thing.

Perez: So I should eat some vegetables, too?

C.Stew: Definitely. Good health comes from a good diet, and unless you eat a lot of fresh

vegetables, your health will suffer.

Perez: I know. Moderation, eating balanced meals, and exercising regularly are the basics

of good health.

starving: very hungry (almost to the point of death)

chewing: to crush food well with the teeth

preserve: to maintain in good condition

leftover: something left behind, not consumed or used up

nutritious: having a nutritional value

protein: basic component of living cells and an important nutrient

definitely: strongly, certainly

moderation: not going to extremes, in a well-balanced way

exercise regularly: to train or do sports on a regular basis

53

50. First Aid - Abdominal Pains (CD2-19)

Ramos: Excuse me, Second Officer. I have a stomachache. Can you give me some

medicine?

2/Off: Let me see. (Examining the abdomen) Where does it hurt?

Ramos: Here, in the lower part of my right side. It's painful.

2/Off: When did the pain start?

Ramos: This morning. I have been trying to eat well and I have been chewing my food

more carefully under the advice of the Chief Steward.

2/Off: Do you have diarrhea?

Ramos: No, not at all.

2/Off: Do you have a fever? Let's take your temperature.

Ramos: I don't think I have a fever, but I should still check. (Taking his temperature) The

thermometer says 36.8 degrees.

2/Off: I wonder what you have. Have you ever had appendicitis?

Ramos No, I haven't.

2/Off: Then lie down on that sofa over there. (Checking his abdomen) Let me know when

it hurts.

Ramos: Ouch! Oh, right there!

2/Off: OK. Let me try that again. Tell me if it's still painful when I take my hand off.

Ramos: Oh, it's very painful right here.

2/Off: Maybe you have appendicitis. I'll tell the Captain immediately.

Ramos: What should I do?

2/Off: Don't worry. The Captain will send a fax to the Seamen's Hospital in Japan, and a

doctor will send back instructions on what we should do.

stomachache: a sore stomach, pain in the belly

abdomen: the belly, the visceral part of the body -> abdominal (of or pertaining to the abdomen)

painful: causing a lot of pain and ache

diarrhea: loose stool or bowel movement

fever: a high temperature, a general hot condition of the body

take your temperature: measure one's temperature with a thermometer

thermometer: an instrument for measuring one's temperature

appendicitis: acute inflammation of the appendix

hurt(s): something is causing pain

Seamen's Hospital: special hospital which treats sick seamen

instructions: set of guides for doing something

54

51. First Aid - Headaches (CD2-20)

Cruz: Good morning. What's the matter? You don't seem to be feeling well.

Santos: Good morning. Yes, I have a headache.

Cruz: You didn't drink too much last night, did you? Do you have a cold?

Santos: I'm not sure. But I think I have a fever.

Cruz: That's bad. You should tell the Second Officer.

(In the General Office)

Santos: Excuse me, sir. I have a headache and I think I have a temperature.

2/Off: I'm sorry to hear that. Let's go to the dispensary and have a look. (At the

dispensary) Why don't we take your temperature?

Santos: OK.

2/Off: The thermometer says 37 degrees. Do you have a sore throat?

Santos: No. But I've been very busy these days.

2/Off: Do you sleep properly?

Santos: Yes. I mean, no. I don't sleep so well. I was studying in the Engine Control Room

until late last night. I lay down on the sofa there and fell asleep. When I woke up,

it was two o'clock. So I went back to my cabin to go to bed.

2/Off: It looks like you might have a cold. Not sleeping well, over-exhaustion, and

staying in an air-conditioned room must have made you even more tired. I'll give

you some medicine for your cold and for your headache. Here, take these.

Santos: Thank you very much.

2/Off: This is the medicine for your cold. Take this after every meal. These tablets are for

your headache. Take one now. Then when you have another headache, take

another one. OK?

Santos: Yes, sir. Thank you.

headache: feeling a pain in the head

dispensary: an office where first aid or medical care is given

sore throat: inflammation of the throat

properly: in a correct and appropriate way

over-exhaustion: fatigue, being very tired

medicine: a drug that helps cure a sick patient

tablets: a small, flat medicine to be taken orally

55

52. First Aid - Fingers Caught in Doors and Other Injuries (CD2-21)

Santos: (To the Second Officer) Quick, sir! Hurry! The Wiper injured himself. He was

opening the elevator door when the ship rolled, and he got his fingers caught in the

door! Now he's in the dispensary. 2/Off: It sounds serious. I'll go down there right away. How's he feeling? Santos: It's a big cut and he's bleeding a lot. It looked painful. It really shook me up when

I saw him.

2/Off: He hasn't lost any fingers, has he?

Santos: I'm not sure, but I don't think so.

(At the dispensary)

2/Off: Wiper, how are you?

Wiper: I got my fingers caught in the elevator door.

2/Off: Let me see. You've got a big cut there. But it doesn't look like you've broken any

bones. I'll sterilize it first and then we'll try to stop the bleeding. Third Engineer,

give me a hand!.

Santos: Sure.

2/Off: Roll up the Wiper's sleeve and hold his wrists tight. (Second Mate applies

antiseptic on the bleeding wound.) Wiper: Ouch! That hurts!

2/Off: Hold still! Ok, you can relax now. I cleaned the wound out. Now we have to stop

the bleeding. Third Engineer, hold this down firmly.

Santos: Like this?

2/Off: Yes, that's good. Hold it tight. I'll put some antibiotic ointment on the cut and then

stitch it closed. (After stitching) All right! That does it. That's all I can do for now.

I'll put on antibiotic gauze and then a bandage. I'll give you some medicine for the

pain later.

injured himself: got hurt

serious: grave (a bad injury in this case)

bleeding: blood coming out of a wound

shook me up: ....I was shaken or surprised badly

not... broken any bones : no bone has been broken, the cut did not reach the bones

sterilize: to disinfect and kill disease-causing microorganisms

antiseptic: capable of preventing infection

wound: an injury, for example, cut or torn skin, bones, muscles, etc.

antibiotic ointment: oily medicine that can kill infectious bacteria when applied to a wound

stitch: to sew up, to bring together by sewing with a needle

gauze: thin, loose surgical dressing made of cotton

56

53. First Aid - A Foreign Object in the Eye (CD2-22)

Ramos: Ouch!

A/Off: What's wrong?

Ramos: I've got something in my eye.

A/Off: Don't mb it. It'll hurt if you rub it. You have to wash it out with water. You can

use the eye washer in the COC.

Ramos: Thanks. I'll go down there right away.

(Ramos comes back to the deck)

A/Off: How does it feel now? Did you get it out?

Ramos: No. It still feels like there's something in there, and it really hurts.

A/Off: Let's go ask the Second Officer what we should do.

(In the General Office)

A/Off: Second Officer, will you have a look at his eye? It seems like a piece of rust got

into it.

2/Off: Let me take a look. I'll use my magnifying glass. Come here near the window

where I can see better. Yes, you have some rust in there. You rubbed your eye,

didn't you?

Ramos Yes, but only because there was something in it.

2/Off: You should never rub your eyes if you get something in them. You should always

rinse your eye out with water. Let's go to the dispensary. We'll have to remove that

piece of rust with a needle.

(In the dispensary)

Ramos: Are you going to use the same big needle that you use for injections?

2/Off: Don't worry about a thing. I've got a knack for it. It's the best way to remove a piece of rust. But just in case it hurts, I'll put some eye lotion on it as an anesthetic.

rub: moving back and forth while applying pressure

rust: oxidized metal, usu. iron

magnifying glass: a lens that enlarges the object being viewed

needle: a finely-pointed piece of metal, usu. with an eye at the end

injection(s): a shot, using a hypodermic needle

a knack for...: a special technique or ability for doing something

anesthetic: a medicine for reducing sensation

54. First Aid - Removing a Fishhook Caught in a Finger (CD2-23)

(After dinner, several crewmembers are fishing on the Poop Deck while at anchor)

Cruz: Ouch!

Ramos: What happened?

Cruz: Oh, no! The fishhook got stuck in my finger!

Ramos You have to be more careful. Let me see. Oh boy, this doesn't look good. Thehook

is buried deep in your finger! OK, now just hold still for a minute. I'll try to pull it

out.

Cruz: Ouch! It really hurts!

Ramos: I can't pull it out if you keep moving this way. Hold still!

Cruz: No, it hurts too much! Please don't touch it!

Ramos: Well, then, what should I do? Here comes the Second Officer. Let's ask him.

Second Officer! 2/Off: What's the matter?

Cruz: A fishhook's stuck in my finger and I can't pull it out!

2/Off: You must have been trying to pull it out the wrong way. You cannot pull it out

backwards, otherwise how could you catch any fish? The only way to do it is to

cut the line and push the hook through your finger. We will need to sterilize the

wound afterwards. Let's go to the dispensary.

(At the dispensary)

2/Off: Just try to bear with the pain, OK? First, I'll cut the end of the hook. There. Now

I'll push the hook through your finger and pull it out the other side.

Cruz: Ouch!

2/Off: OK, I've got it! Now we have to sterilize your finger. I'll give you some painkillers

later.

at anchor: ship is not in motion, being stopped by dropping the anchor into the water fishhook: a metallic hook with a connected line, used to catch fish backwards: moving to the rear bear with...: to endure, to tolerate painkiller(s): medicine that reduces pain

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55. Going to the Hospital (CD2-24)

2/Off: Captain, I am sending the Third Mate to the hospital. Have you contacted the agent

yet?

Capt: Yes, I just did. Third Mate, take the one o'clock service boat to shore. The agent,

Mr. Tanaka, will be waiting at the station to pick you up. Ask him to take you to

the hospital. The agent will advance you the money for it.

Cruz: Yes, sir.

2/Off: Third Mate, give these papers to the doctor.

Captain: I told the agent about these papers. He will give the Second Mate's papers to the

doctor. The doctor will fill them out after the examination and return them to him.

You must tell the doctor exactly what is wrong with you.

Cruz: I will. How far is the hospital?

Captain: According to Mr. Tanaka, it is about five minutes away by car. Don't worry. The doctor knows what he is doing.

Cruz: Will it take long?

2/Off: Yes, I think so. I think they will need to take blood. You might have to wait for a

while. Captain: Mr. Tanaka said it would take about three hours. The next service boat leaves shore at 17:00. You will be able to catch it.

Cruz: Do I have to call him to come and pick me up at the hospital when I'm done?

Captain: No, don't worry. He'll stay with you until you are finished.

Cruz: I'm very glad to hear that.

advance: to give beforehand

examination: doctor's check or diagnosis or consultation what's wrong with you...: physical problems you have take blood: to draw blood for an examination, etc.

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56. Preventing Sexually Transmitted Diseases (CD2-25)

A/Off: All right, now I know that you haven't been on shore in a long time, but don't

spend too much time in the red-light district.

Avarro: Don't worry.

A/Off: Don't worry about what?

Avarro: Nothing, really.

A/Off: Remember what happened the last time you went with those girls? And you should

set an example, or the rest of the crew might get involved, too.

Avarro: On second thought, maybe I had better take some condoms with me.

A/Off: An even better idea is not to go there at all. But if you have to go, use condoms. As

the saying goes, "A wise man does not court danger."

Avarro: A senior officer once told me that washing up well with soap and water was

enough to prevent me from catching anything.

A/Off: That's nonsense! Sexual diseases can be transmitted by blood, saliva, body fluids,

etc. You are probably safe if a virus only touches your skin. If a virus comes in

contact with a mucous membrane or a wound, then you could be infected.

Avarro: So a good washing is not enough?

A/Off: It depends on the situation, but in general, it is surely not enough. You can get

STDs easily. And always learn to guard yourselves against AIDS.

Avarro: OK. I'll be careful.

red-light district: entertainment area where sexual amusement is usually found

get involved... : get caught in something, become a part of something

condom(s): a rubber cover placed over the penis to prevent direct contact during sex

A wise man does not court danger: Also "It is best to avoid danger."

prevent... from: stop from doing something

sexual diseases: syphilis, gonorrhea, hepatitis, and other kinds of diseases that are passed on through sexual

intercourse or contact

transmitted: passed on from one person to another saliva: water in the mouth

body fluids: blood, serum, mucus, and other forms of liquid in the body virus: extremely small microorganisms, made ofDNA and protein mucous membrane: the living tissue covering the surfaces of some organs, e.g. the linings of the eye, nose,mouth, lungs, etc.

STDs: sexually transmitted diseases, sexual diseases guard...against...: take protective measures AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a serious, strongly infectious disease caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

60Chapter 5. KYT - Kiken Yochi Training 57. What is KYT? (CD2-26)

Cruz: Chief Officer, I often hear the letters KYT. What do they mean?

C/Off: KYT is the abbreviation for "Kiken Yochi Training". "Kiken Yochi" is Japanese.

"Kiken" means danger, risk, or hazard. "Yochi" means precaution or foreseeing. Cruz: What kind of training is it? C/Off: The training improves your ability to predict danger. It is a group exercise. We

share information between ourselves on danger hazards. We learn an ability to use

hand signals to direct each important point of a job, and then we try to prevent the

danger through teamwork.

Cruz: So we enhance our ability to foresee danger by training each other.

C/Off: Basically speaking, yes. Accidents happen, and when they do, there are many

casualties, so we work hard to be able to sense any possible danger better. Cruz: How do we train to gain this ability? C/Off: Well, for example, you can point your finger to warn others of some danger. Also,

you should be aware of any problem with your fellow crewmembers' physical

condition by talking with them at our morning meetings, and you should discuss

any risks or dangers that exist in the workplace, etc. Cruz: That sounds interesting. When do we get this training? C/Off: We have safety meetings every morning. That's when we practice our KYT

methods.

abbreviation: short form, contraction

hazard: danger, risk

precaution: a measure taken in advance to stop any unwanted developments

foreseeing: ability to see things before they occur

predict: ability to know things before they occur

hand signal(s): making signs with the hands to give certain messages

enhance: to promote, to make more of something

casualties: injuries, including deaths

physical condition: a person's health

practice: to carry out, to do

58. KYT - Four Rounds Method (CD2-27)

2/Off: Today we will practice the Four Rounds Method. I want you all to remember this well, as it is one of the basic KYT methods. I'll summarize the method for you first. We determine the roles of the leader and the others. The leader will ask you to stand in a row and will do a roll call. He'll then ask about each person's health. After that, we'll proceed to the first of the four rounds. Please refer to the details listed on the handout.

Santos: Sir, can I mention anything that I would consider a danger during Round One?

2/Off: Of course you can. Don't hesitate to speak up. During Round One, just make sure that when you foresee some possible danger, you can explain what causes it.

Cruz: Sir, my role is to write down the dangers. Do I have to summarize the opinions given?

2/Off: No, you don't. You can write as much as you like.

Santos: Sir, during Round Two, do we have to decide the dangerous points by a majority?

2/Off: No, you don't. All attendants should agree. Actually, I don't think that you will have a problem agreeing. I am sure your decisions will be unanimous. During Round Three, try to figure out preventive methods in a practical manner. And then, during Round Four, we'll decide on a team action plan.

summarize: to state something using a few words

determine: to make a decision, decide

do a roll call: call people's names out one by one to check if they are present

proceed to: to move forward to the next step or process

handout: printed materials or other things given to people

mention: say, speak; bring up

hesitate to: to refrain from saying or doing something

by a majority: by agreement of more than half of the people present

unanimous: by agreement of all the people present

preventive: measures that can help stop something

in a practical manner: rationally, logically; making sense

action plan: a schedule or plan to do something

59. KYT - Morning Meeting in the General Office (CD2-28)

C/Off: Let's start the meeting. Today's practice concerns chipping and painting on the

starboard crane. Please be careful because this is a dangerous job. Also, the sea is

even rougher today than it was yesterday. Avarro: Can we hook our safety belts to the safety line at the same place as yesterday? C/Off: We will decide this later, once we are at the site. Bosun: The deck seems very slippery today. Be careful on the crane. Remember: you must

pay attention to your work or you might get hurt. C/Off: Hold on to something when you move around so you won't slip. Bosun: We should carry our tools to the crane first. Then, Ramos will climb up the crane

and haul them up. Nobody should be carrying anything while climbing the crane. Avarro: Yes, sir. If we put the tools in a half-cut can, we can pick them up better. Bosun: But be careful not to drop any tools. Also, don't stand under the crane where

falling tools can hit you. C/Off: OK, now let's review what we've discussed so far. But before we do that, let's do

"touch and call" together. All: Safety first! Safety first! Safety first! Go!

chipping: action of removing something little by little

starboard crane: the crane located on the right-hand side of a ship

hook: to connect or secure on...

safety line: a wire or rope provided to enhance safety

slippery: easy to make people slip or fall; slick

haul: to pull, tug

touch and call: a gesture of touching one another and loudly crying out a slogan

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60. KYT - Tool Box Meeting in the Engine Control Room (CD2-29)

1/Eng: Good morning, everyone. Third Engineer, did you sleep well last night?

Santos: Yes, I slept very well. I feel great today.

1/Eng: That's good. OK. Let's start today's meeting. I wrote our three tasks for today on

this whiteboard. Second Engineer, will you explain the first task in detail, using

5W1H? 2/Eng: Yes, sir. The first task is to overhaul the main engine's exhaust valve. I will be the

leader, and the No. 1 Oiler and the Third Engineer will work together with me. Our

job is to clean the inside of the valve and to change all of the 0-rings and

seat-rings. 1/Eng: Thank you. Let me know when you are about to take out the valve spindle and take

off the valve seat. Pay attention to the following points so that you don't get

injured:

1 - Avoid dust, which can get in your eyes, nose, and mouth.

2 - Avoid getting your fingers caught in the gaps between the spindle or the valve seat, and the casing body.

3 - Not to get hit by the spindle or the valve seat if the ship moves suddenly.

4 - Be careful that the spindle or the valve seat doesn't fall on you if a haul wire breaks when shifting the load. Third Engineer, will you repeat these points? Santos: Yes, sir.

task(s): a job that needs to be done; duty

5W1 H: interrogatives, e.g., who, what, when, where, why, and how

overhaul: disassemble something and clean up the inside; repair or restore to original condition

exhaust valve: a valve fitted at the exit side

0-rings: round pieces used for scaling or shock-absorbing purposes

seat-rings: a ring fitted on a structure where a valve sits

valve spindle: usually a metallic rod which causes the valve to move

valve seat: place where a valve is fitted

spindle: a long rod-like structure which serves as an axes for a revolving part

haul wire: a metallic wire or line used to pull something

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