
- •Нижний Новгород 2003
- •Contents
- •Preface
- •General points of grammar and usage
- •Indirect statements
- •In past reported speech adverbs and adverbial phrases of time change as follows.
- •Indirect questions
- •Indirect imperatives
- •Reporting a conversation
- •Representing functions in speech Functions of communication
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Invitation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of thinking and reasoning
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of showing attitude
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of expressing emotion
- •Interest and indifference
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Patterns
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of volition
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Insistence and compulsion
- •Vocabulary
- •Способы передачи чужой речи в английском языке
Vocabulary
respect to admire someone because they have high standards and good personal qualities such as fairness and honesty
respect (n.) admiration for someone, especially because of their personal qualities, knowledge or skill
reverence (n.) (formal) great respect and admiration for someone or something
tolerant allowing people to do, say, or believe what they want without punishing or criticising them
disrespect lack of respect for someone or something
contempt | scorn a feeling that someone or something is not important and deserves no respect
disdain (n.) a complete lack of respect that you show for someone or something because you think they are not at all worth paying attention to
disdain (1) to have no respect for someone or something, and believe they are unimportant
(2) to refuse to do something because you are too proud to do it
scorn to refuse to accept ideas, suggestions, etc. because you think they are stupid, old-fashioned, or unreasonable
laugh at to treat someone or something as if they are stupid, by laughing or making funny and unkind remarks about them
scoff at to laugh at a person or idea, and talk about them in a way that shows you think they are stupid
mock (at) (formal) | make fun of | poke fun at to laugh at someone or something and try to make them look stupid by making unkind remarks about them or by copying them
ridicule to laugh at a person, idea, institution, etc. in order to make them seem stupid
deride (formal) to laugh at someone or something in order to show that you think they are silly or useless
jeer to laugh unkindly at someone to show that you strongly disapprove of them
sneer to smile or speak in a very unkind way that shows you have no respect for someone or something
tease to make jokes and laugh at someone in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind way
taunt to try to make someone angry or upset by saying unkind things or by laughing at their faults, failures, etc.
Praise and criticism
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= Mary: Oh, Peter’s the best sportsman in town, the best writer in the country and the best son in the world. |
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= Mary praised her son to the skies. |
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Mary lavished praise on her son. |
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= John: Mr Brown’s latest book is no good at all. The plot is far too complicated, the characters are unconvincing and the dialogue is poor. |
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= John criticised Mr Brown’s book for its complicated plot, unconvincing characters and poor dialogue. |
Patterns
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Peter (for his contribution to the relief fund). Peter (for helping his friend). the meal (as very delicious). Peter/his film to the skies. |
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Peter’s praises. the praises of Peter’s book. |
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Peter (on his organisational talent). Mary (on her new hat). |
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Peter a nice/sincere compliment (on his progress in his studies). a nice/sincere compliment to Mary (on her new coat). |
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Peter (to the skies). Peter as a hero/great footballer. the merits/virtues of free enterprise. |
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Peter (on his skill at using the computer). himself (on his knowledge of geography). himself that he was the best tennis player in the office. |
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at/by Peter’s invitation. to be invited. that he had been invited. |
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II.
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John The report |
criticised |
Peter/his sloppy work. Peter for sleeping too long. Peter’s book for its poor plot. his book for being sentimental. |
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condemned censured denounced |
Peter (for his treacherous behaviour). Peter (for robbing the bank). Peter (as a traitor). Peter’s treacherous behaviour. Peter’s behaviour as treacherous. Peter’s behaviour as an attempt to mislead the public. |
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Peter. Peter/bad weather for their defeat. their defeat on Peter. |
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John The article |
accused Peter |
(of treachery). (of taking bribes). (of having accepted a bribe). |
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with robbery. with neglecting his duty. |
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reproached Peter |
(with/for his mistake). (with/for making a mistake). |
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reproved rebuked reprimanded scolded told off dressed down |
Peter |
(for his foolish behaviour). (for making glaring mistakes). (for having made a mistake). |
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reproof rebuke reprimand admonition scolding telling-off dressing-down
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(for his careless mistake). (for making careless mistakes). |
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reproof rebuke reprimand admonition scolding telling-of dressing-down |
(for his foolish behaviour). (for being late). |
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his opponents. the government’s policy. |
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