Vocabulary

compare (1) (with/to) to examine two or more things, people, ideas, etc. in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other

(2) (to) | liken to (formal) to say that someone or something is like someone or something else

contrast to compare two things, people, ideas, etc. to show how different they are from each other
equate to consider two or more things as being similar or connected

Conclusion

	= The chairman: So what follows from the discussions held in the past week is that the merger with our parent firm is undesirable.
	= The chairman concluded/drew the conclusion that the merger with their parent firm was undesirable.
	= John: From Peter’s garbled story I can gather (that) he’s not very happy with his new job.
	= From Peter’s garbled story John deduced that he was not satisfied with his new job.

Patterns

John concluded that Peter was not to blame.
John deduced/inferred/gathered (from his statement / excitement) that Peter knew something about the matter.
John deduced/inferred (the fact) that Peter was not guilty.
John deduced/inferred little from Peter’s garbled story.
John deduced/inferred what had happened/where Peter was hiding/who was to blame.
John arrived at/came to/jumped to/drew/reached the conclusion that Peter had done nothing wrong.
John drew/made a correct / reasonable / tenable / valid / erroneous / invalid / wrong conclusion / deduction / inference from the facts/evidence.
John drew/made a/the deduction/inference that Peter was not guilty.
John confirmed Mary’s deduction/inference that Peter was not guilty.
John worked out the answer / conclusion by deduction/ inference.
John generalised about education systems in different countries.
John generalised a rule/a valid conclusion from this collection of instances/facts.
John made a	broad sweeping valid	generalisation	about (taking) exercise. that the economy is quite healthy.
It followed (from what John said) (that) Peter couldn’t be relied on.
John warned Peter not to jump to conclusions.

conclude to decide that something is true after considering all the information you have
deduce (formal) | infer to form an opinion (by the process of reasoning) that something is probably true, on the basis of a careful examination of all the information you have
gather to form an opinion that something is probably true, because of something that you have heard or seen

generalise to make a general statement about a number of different things or people without mentioning any details
follow to be true as a result of something else that is true
jump to conclusions to form an opinion about something before you have all the facts

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