
- •Нижний Новгород 2003
- •Contents
- •Preface
- •General points of grammar and usage
- •Indirect statements
- •In past reported speech adverbs and adverbial phrases of time change as follows.
- •Indirect questions
- •Indirect imperatives
- •Reporting a conversation
- •Representing functions in speech Functions of communication
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Invitation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of thinking and reasoning
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of showing attitude
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of expressing emotion
- •Interest and indifference
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Patterns
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Functions of volition
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Insistence and compulsion
- •Vocabulary
- •Способы передачи чужой речи в английском языке
Vocabulary
maintain to state your opinion firmly
assert to state your opinion firmly, but often without proof to support it
claim to state your opinion, but without proof to support it
declare to state your opinion officially and publicly
affirm (formal) to state your opinion firmly and publicly, usually again or in answer to a question or doubt
protest to state your opinion very firmly, especially when other people do not believe you
allege to state that something is true or that someone has done something wrong, but without proof to support it
Admitting and denying
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= John: You were quite right, Peter. Now I see that I must’ve made a mistake. |
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= John admitted having made a mistake and recognised (that) Peter had been right. |
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= John: I don’t know this man. I’ve never met him before. |
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= John flatly denied knowing the man. |
Patterns
I.
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admitted (to) confessed to |
his mistake/defeat/guilt. stealing/having stolen the watch. |
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admitted confessed |
(to the police) (that) he had stolen the watch. |
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his mistake/defeat. himself defeated. being ignorant of the facts having made a mistake. Peter’s being a superb tennis player. Peter to be a superb tennis player. (to Peter) that he had made a mistake. |
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of guilt/failure. that he had done it all wrong. |
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the difficult position he was in. Peter as an authority on the subject. Peter to be an authority on the subject. (that) the situation was hopeless. |
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the fact of Peter’s disappearance. the claim that Peter had succeeded in it. that their plan might be shelved. |
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defeat/a point in the argument. (to them) that Peter was a good player. |
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the logic of her argument. (Peter) (that) Peter/the latter was honest. |
II.
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all allegations/any knowledge of their plans. knowing anything about it. ever having met Peter. that he had ever met Peter. it to be true. (formal) |
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