Вариант № 2

1. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Определите функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. It was station KDKA that made the nation’s first commercial broadcast.

2. Lee de Forest developed a sound-on-film process in 1919, didn’t he?

3. In four years KDKA had 600 commercial stations around the country.

2. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения. Определите функцию инфинитива.

1. To increase clarity and power inventors gradually improved upon the radio tube.

2. Lee de Forest was the first to invent a new radio tube.

3. The main idea of the leading radio manufacturer was to sell more radios.

3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты.

1. Westinghouse asked Conrad to help set up a regularly transmitting station in Pittsburgh.

2. A system of satellites is provided for people to watch the central TV program.

3. Dr. Frank Conrad was known to play record for his friends over the air.

4. Найдите герундий и определите его функцию. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The idea of adding sound to moving pictures originated at the time Edison invented the photograph.

2. As the director of Electronic Research Laboratory, Zworykin was able to concentrate on making critical improvement to his system.

3. It is difficult to solve economic problems without using the achievements of the scientific and technological progress.

5. Прочитайте текст. Будьте готовы прочитать и перевести любой абзац текста без словаря.

KDKA begins to broadcast

1. In 1907 Lee de Forest invented a new radio tube called the Audion. It soon made transmitting sound modulations much more effective and became standard radio equipment. The radio tube was gradually improved upon by other inventors to increase clarity and power.

2. In 1920 Westinghouse, one of the leading radio manufacturers, had an idea for selling more radios: it would offer programming. Radio began as a one-to-one method of communication, so this was a novel idea. Dr. Frank Conrad was a Pittsburgh area ham operator with lots of connections. He frequently played records over the airwaves for the benefit of his friends.

3. This was just the sort of thing Westinghouse had in mind, and they asked Conrad to help set up a regularly transmitting station in Pittsburgh. On November 2, 1920 station KDKA made the nation's first commercial broadcast (a term coined by Conrad himself). They chose that date because it was an election day and the power of radio was proven when people could hear the results of the Harding – Cox presidential race before they read about it in the newspapers.

6. Прочитайте текст по специальности (см. стр. 45) и переведите его письменно.

7. Прочитайте и подготовьте пересказ текста «Science and technological progress» (стр. 39).

Вариант № 3

1. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Определите функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. The earth wasn’t at the center of the stars and the planets.

2. Copernicus thought the stars didn’t move at all.

3. Men have always been fascinated by the stars.

2. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения. Определите функцию инфинитива.

1. To explain the wandering of the planets was very difficult.

2. Copernicus was the first person to explain properly our solar system.

3. There were five planets that could be seen by ancient men.

3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты.

1. A young scientist named Copernicus supposed the sun to be the centre of everything.

2. The ancient Greeks are known to have been great watchers of the sky and also great thinkers.

3. It was natural for Greeks to think that the earth stood still.

4. Найдите герундий и определите его функцию. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Copernicus began thinking about the way in which the stars and planets moved.

2. Many of the problems can’t be solved without joining scientific efforts.

3. Overcoming these difficulties is not so easy as it may seem.

5. Прочитайте текст. Будьте готовы прочитать и перевести любой абзац текста без словаря.

Copernicus

1. The ancient Greeks were great watchers of the sky and also great thinkers. As they watched the stars night after night, it was natural for them to think that the earth stood still and the stars, planets, sun and moon were going round and round the earth in space. They thought the sun was between Venus and Mars. For centuries, men believed this was how the stars moved. To explain the wandering of the planets, however, was very difficult.

2. The ancient Greeks had made the mistake of thinking that because the stars and planets seemed to move as they looked at the sky, the earth must be still. If you sit in a train and look out at the trees rushing by, it is easy to understand their mistake. The trees seem to be moving backwards, but really it is the train that is moving forwards.

3. Not all of Copernicus' ideas were right. Although he thought, correctly, that the moon went round and round the earth, he also thought the stars were fixed on a large ball outside where the planets moved. He thought the stars did not move at all, but only the earth, moon and planets. Copernicus was so frightened of what everyone would think of his new ideas that he did not write them down in a book until he was almost dying. Yet he was the first person to explain properly our solar system.

6. Прочитайте текст по специальности (см. стр. 50) и переведите его письменно.

7. Прочитайте и подготовьте пересказ текста «Science and technological progress» (стр. 39).