Text 2 how the internet works

The Internet is much the same as any other computer network. It is a collection of computers that can understand one another because they are connected using the same TCP/ IP protocol connection and client-server software standards like HTTP, FTP and SMTP. Networking allows almost any types of computers, anywhere in the world to connect and communicate with someone on the other side of the globe who may use completely different equipment.

The Internet is based on very large Server computers, usually located at the Universities and large government agencies, which are running and maintaining a very fast connection between one another 24 hours a day, known as the Internet backbone. Other servers are then connected to this backbone, and even more servers are connected to these servers. Together they form an open world-wide WAN, or Wide Area Network, called the Internet.

A server can be set up to route signals and data to other computers on its LAN, or local network. This allows people to use dialup to connect to a server computer in order to receive Internet data. Due to the cost of a permanent Internet connection, most users decide on a dialup connection to an ISP using a modem or ISDN dialup system.

TASKS

1. Give Russian equivalents of:

1. a collection of computers

2. client-server software standards

3. server computers

4. to run and maintain a vary fast connection

5. to route signals and data to other computers

6. in order to receive Internet data

2. Give English equivalents of:

1. во многом то же самое

2. как и любая другая сеть компьютеров (компьютерная сеть)

3. друг друга

4. любые типы компьютеров

5. другое оборудование

6. быть основанным на

7. обычно расположенный

8. очень быстрое соединение

9. опорная сеть Интернета

10. использовать коммутирующий доступ

11. коммутирующее соединение

3. Choose the meanings of the abbreviations which deal with the text

TCP

• Terminal Control Program – программа управления терминалом.

• Transmission Control Panel – пульт управления передачей.

• Transmission Control Protocol – протокол управления передачей.

HTTP

• HyperText Transfer Protocol – протокол передачи гипертекста.

• HyperText Transport Protocol – транспортный протокол (передачи) гипертекста.

FTP

• File Transfer Protocol – протокол пересылки файлов.

• Fault-Tolerant Processing – терпимый к сбоям режим работы.

• Foil Twisted-Pair – экранизированная фольгой витая пара.

ISP

• Instruction Set Processor – процессор (для обработки) наборов команд.

• Interactive Signal Processing – интерактивная обработка сигнала.

• Internal Stored Program – программа, хранимая во внутренней памяти.

• Internet Server Provider – поставщик услуг Интернет.

4. Mind the meaning of the following abbreviations