- •Unit 3: Engineering/ machine-building
- •1. Read the text and say what engineering is.
- •1. Read the text and say why engineers must become more scientific and specialized.
- •2. Match the following words with their translation.
- •4. Using the information from the text complete the following diagrams.
- •1. Read the text and say what the role of mechanical engineering is.
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and say what modern engineering trends are mentioned in it.
- •2. Match the following words with their translation.
- •4. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and say what the main shops in a machine-building plant are.
- •2. Find the following phrases in English in the text.
- •1) Machine-building in Ukraine
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Write out from the text: a) the characteristic features of machine-building in Ukraine; b) the priority industries; c) its main tools.
- •2) Machine-building in Berdychiv
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Give a short summary of the text in English in a written form.
- •3) The main trends in modern machine-building industry
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •4) The role of mechanical engineer at manufacture
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •5) Efficiency in engineering operation
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Make up the summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the correct variant.
- •2. Fill in the gaps in the following description of different branches of engineering.
- •3. Choose the correct word from the brackets in the text. Mechanical engineering and machine-building
I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in English in the text: вирішувати проблеми; інженерне рішення; ефективні методи; потреба у ефективності; робота гончара; ткацтво; заняття сільським господарством; зводити витрати та збитки до мінімуму; інженерна майстерність найвищого ґатунку; енергія гарського струмка; потужне рух електричного двигуна; піщинки морського узбережжя; чітке оптичне скло; змінювати речі на краще.
III. Make up the summary of the text.
Test yourself:
1. Choose the correct variant.
1. The main divisions of engineering are…
a) mechanical, electrical, civil and chemical engineering.
b) electrical, mechanical, structural and chemical engineering.
c) mechanical, electrical, civil, structural and chemical engineering.
d) mechanical, structural, electrical and chemical engineering.
2. … is the largest Ukrainian industrial sector.
a) Metallurgy
b) Chemical machine-building
c) Metalworking industry
d) Machine-building
3. Mechanical engineering has been recognized as a separate branch of engineering since…
a) the development of the textile machinery, steam engines, machine-tools, pumping machinery, turbines and locomotives of that time.
b) the formation of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers of the USA in 1847.
c) the formation of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers of Great Britain in 1847.
d) the formation of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers of Ukraine in 1847.
4. Mechanical engineering deals with…
a) the design, and with research and sciences upon which these depend.
b) the design, construction and operation of machines and devices of all kinds.
c) the design, operation of machines and devices of all kinds, and with research and sciences upon which these depend.
d) the design, construction and operation of machines and devices of all kinds, and with research and sciences upon which these depend.
5. The trends in the modern machine-building industry are…
a) automation and computerization.
b) mechanization and handwork.
c) automation, and raising the reliability and extending the service life of machines.
d) mechanization and automation.
6. A machine-building plant has such main shops as…
a) foundry, forge and engineering shops.
b) forge, engineering and assembling shops.
c) foundry, forge, engineering and assembling shops.
d) foundry, engineering and assembling shops.
2. Fill in the gaps in the following description of different branches of engineering.
The main branches of engineering are civil, (1) …, (2) …, and electronic.
Mechanical engineering is (3) … (4) … machinery of all kinds. This branch of engineering includes (5) …, automobile, (6) …, and heating and ventilating. The first three are concerned with transport: (7) …, cars and planes. The last (8) … with air-conditioning, refrigeration, etc.
Electrical engineering deals with (9) … from generation to use. Electricity generating is concerned with (10) … stations. Electrical installation deals (11) … cables, switchgear, and connecting up electrical equipment.
Two branches of engineering include both (12) … and (13) … engineers. These are mining and (14) … engineering. The former deals with miners and mining equipment, the latter with hospital (15) … of all kinds.