X. Make up a plan of the above text.

XI. Speak on the topic “Product” according to the plan you have made. Комплексна контрольна робота Ділова англійська мова 4 курс, 7 семестр

Варіант 30

1. Read and translate the text (paragraphs 1-2 in a written form). Before reading look through and remember the following words and word combinations from the text.

the product life cycle – життєвий цикл продукту

the introduction stage – стадія впровадження в ринок

the growth stage – стадія зростання

the maturity stage – стадія зрілості

the decline stage – стадія спаду

initial price – початкова ціна

distribution channels – канали розповсюдження

sales revenue – доход від продажу

sales growth – зростання продажу

sales curve – крива продажу

sales volume – об’єм продажу

brand loyalty – прихильність до торгової марки

price incentives – цінові стимули

to offset – відшкодувати

the rate of increase – коефіцієнт зростання

to reduce – зменшувати

to retain – зберігати

refinement – вдосконалення

markdown – переоцінка, зменшення ціни

to eliminate – вилучати

determinant – показник

to delete – вилучати, виключати

in response to – в відповідності до

to vary – різнитися

to follow – дотримуватися

customer awareness – знання товару споживачем

marketing challenge – завдання маркетингу тут

immediate success – негайний успіх

promotional efforts – зусилля щодо просування товару

to meet needs – відповідати потребам

to expand the product line – розширювати товарну лінію

savings – збереження

to maintain – підтримувати

to eliminate – скасовувати

Stages of the Product Life Cycle

1. In a way, products are like people. They are born, they live, and they die. Every product progresses through a pro­duct life cycle, which is a series of stages in which its sales revenue and profit increase, reach a peak, and then de­cline. A firm must be able to launch, modify, and delete products in response to changes in product life cycles. Otherwise, the firm's profit will disappear and the firm will fail. Depending on the product, life cycle stages will vary in length.

2. The product life cycle is a theoretical model of what happens to a product over time. Generally the product life cycle consists of four stages— introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Some products go through these stages rapidly, in a few weeks or months. Others may take years to go through each stage. Not all products follow the life cycle and particular ones may act differently. Some products may never get beyond the introduction stage.

Vocabulary exercises

I. Translate into Ukrainian:

Sales; sales revenue; sales growth; sales incentives; marketing costs; savings; maturity; production efficiency; price incentives; market share; overall product line; sales volume; sales curve; profit; markdown; determinant; unit cost; distributor; brand loyalty; loss; decline; inventory; market share; refinement; survivor; replacement pro­duct; modify; attract; fail; appear, cover costs; eliminate the product; determine; delete; retain; remain; meet the needs; improve; expand.