
- •Міністерство аграрної політики та продвольства україни
- •Для розвитку навичок комунікативної діяльності та перекладу у сфері вузької галузі. Спеціальність: “Водні біоресурси”
- •Fish Anatomy
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •Fish Evolution
- •Vocabulary:
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. True or false statements:
- •III. Replace the words in brackets by the english equivalents:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below the text and translate:
- •Reproduction and Life-Cycle of the Perch
- •The Pike and the Sazan
- •Vocabulary:
- •Answer the questions:
- •True or false statements:
- •What words can be used to describe the pike and sazan:
- •Fill in the blanks with the words below the text and translate:
- •Sardine
- •Vocabulary:
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •Translate into english:
- •Arrange the following english words in pairs of synonyms:
- •Read the following english words and find their ukrainian equivalents in the right column:
- •Vocabulary:
- •II. Find the english equivalents to the following words:
- •III. Translate into ukrainian:
- •IV. Find in the list below antonyms to the following words:
- •Vocabulary:
- •II. Find the english equivalents to the following words:
- •III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •IV. Read the following english words and find their ukrainian equivalents in the right column:
- •V. Translate into ukrainian without using a dictionary:
- •Marine Fishes
- •Vocabulary:
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Give the english equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •III. Translate the sentences:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •Reptiles
- •Mammals
- •Marine aquaculture
- •Supplementary
- •Aquaculture
- •Fishery
- •Fish Processing
- •Parasite
- •Tests text 1. Fish Anatomy
- •Text 2. Fish Evolution
- •Text 3. Fish
- •Text 4. Jawless Fish Jawless fish
- •Text 5. Reproduction and Life-Cycle of the Perch
- •Text 6. The Pike and the Sazan
- •Text 7. Sardine
- •Text 8. Shrimp
- •Text 9. Salmon
- •Text 10. Marine Fishes
- •Text 11. Reptiles
- •Text 12. Mammals
- •Text 13. Birds
- •Text 14. Marine Aquaculture
Vocabulary:
Lamprey – мінога Vertebrate – хребетний
Cartilaginous – хрящовий Ascend – підніматися
Habitat – середовище існування Breed – розмножуватися
Goby – бичок Sturgeon – осетр
Enormous – величезний Tolerance – витривалість
Behavioral – поведінковий Brackish – солонуватий
I. Answer the following questions:
1. What groups are all fish divided into?
2. How many fish species live in marine habitats?
3. What are the smallest and the largest fishes?
4. Are sharks, skates and rays cartilaginous fishes?
5. What is the dominant fish group in tropical and subtropical freshwaters?
6. Where do salmonids and sturgeons breed?
7. Do species with a wide salinity tolerance occur in fresh waters?
II. Give the english equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
Вид, кісткові риби, морське середовище існування, прибережні води, різноманітний, морська екосистема, фізіологічні пристосування, морські представники, прісні води, більшість, солонуватий.
III. Translate the sentences:
1. Годовні хижаки в морських екосистемахналежать до хрящових риб.
2. Кісткові риби мають різноманітні поведінкові пристосування.
3. Більшість морських риб мешкають тільки в солоній воді.
4. Деякі види морських риб проводять частину життєвого циклу в річках.
5. Більшість вугрів розмножується в морі, але решту життя проводить у прісних водах.
IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
1. … fishes are more diverse than … ones.
2. The Perciformes dominate … life in the ocean.
3. Some fish species … in freshwater.
4. There are fish species with a wide and narrow … .
5. The majority of all fish species live in marine … .
__________________________________________________________________
Habitats, bony, breed, cartilaginous, vertebrate, salinity tolerance.
Text 11
Reptiles
Present-day diversity of reptiles in the seas is low. One important reason for this is that modern reptilian kidneys cannot tolerate high salinities and thus the only reptiles that have adapted to marine environments are those that have developed specialized salt-excreting glands. The most thoroughly marine reptiles are undoubtedly the sea snakes in the subfamily Hidrophiinae. These spend their entirely lives in the sea, giving birth to live young there. Although largely air-breathing like other reptiles, they can also absorb some oxygen directly from seawater and are thus able to remain submerged for long periods. Around 50 species are known, widely distributed in tropical parts of the Indo-Pacific region. In addition the little file snake Acrochordus granulatus, from northern Australia and south-east Asia is also entirely aquatic, but occurs in brackish estuaries as well as seawater.
Five species of sea krait in the subfamily Laticaudinae are also largely marine, feeding mainly on eels. However they return to land to breed, generally on small tropical islands. They too are confined to the Indo-Pacific region. One species of lizard, the Galapagos marine iguana Amblyhynchus cristatus, feeds underwater on marine algae but spends a considerable proportion of time on land. Several other reptile species regularly enter sea-water.
Undoubtedly the most prominent group of marine reptiles is the sea turtles. All species are large and most are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters. Sea turtles are almost completely marine, only the females emerge to nest on land, mostly within the tropics. Sea turtles typically have a long period of maturity (often to 25 years in the case of the green turtle Chelonia mydas) and a long life span. Females habitually return to the same nesting beaches, sometimes undergoing protracted migrations from feeding grounds. They may lay two or three clutches in a season, sometimes comprising over 100 eggs each, depending on the species. Nest, hatchling and juvenile mortality are often high.
VOCABULARY:
Kidney – нирка Turtle – черепаха
Salinity – солоність Female – самка
Submerge – занурюватися Emerge – випливати на поверхню
Estuary – морський рукав, гирло річки Nest – гніздитися
Lizard – ящірка Maturity – зрілість
Algae – водорості Protract – затягувати
Feeding ground – ділянка живлення Clutch – виводок
I. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. Why are reptiles not diverse?
2. How have reptiles adapted to marine environments?
3. What marine reptiles spend their all lives in the sea?
4. What does the Galapagos marine iguana feed on?
5. Do the sea turtles comprise the most prominent group of marine reptiles?
6. The females of sea turtles nest on land, don’t they?
7. What period of maturity do sea turtles have?
II. GIVE THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS:
Розмаїття, витримувати, морське навколишнє середовище, морська змія, народжувати, дихаючий повітрям, вбирати кисень, розповсюджений, водний, живитися, розмножуватися, довга тривалість життя.
III. TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH:
1. Морські змії є повністю морськими рептиліями.
2. Морські зміїї можуть занурюватися у воду на довгий період, бо вони вбирають частину кисню з морської води.
3. Деякі рептилії живляться морськими водоростями, але частину життя проводять на суші.
4. Морські черепахи дають два або три виводки на сезон.
5. Смертність черепах у ранньому віці дуже висока.
IV. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE WORDS GIVEN BELOW:
1. High … causes low diversity of reptiles nowadays.
2. The little file snake lives both in seawater and in … .
3. The … of sea turtles emerge to nest on land.
4. Each … of sea turtles may comprise 100 eggs.
5. Sea turtles have a long … .
__________________________________________________________________
Brackish estuaries, life span, salinity, clutch, females.
Text 12