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14. State the forms and functions of the gerunds and translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

1. The semiconductor diode being a very important device of modern science and industry is common knowledge.

2. Television being based on the functioning" of semiconductor diodes makes them essential for manufacturing TV-sets.

3. The semiconductor diodes having many important characteristics resulted in their being used in different branches of industry.

4. We know of copper, silver, aluminium and many other metals being good conductors of electricity.

5. The reliable functioning of television depends on the television set being equipped with semiconductors.

6. We know of electrons flowing out of the semiconductor easily under special conditions, this process being reversed under different conditions.

7. We know of the semiconductor diode having traveled a long way since its discovery.

8. In spite of the semiconductor diodes being so important they were little in use at the beginning of the century.

9. The term "semiconductor" has been chosen because of its occupying an intermediate place between metals, the conductors of the electric current, and insulators, that is, non-conductors.

10. Earthing is of vital importance in all electrical systems and for all apparatus.

15. Translate into English using gerunds or gerundial complexes:

1. Вчені почали працювати над конструюванням напівпровідникових діодів в кінці XIX століття.

2. Після того як вчені провели велику кількість дослідів, вони відкрили дуже важливі властивості напівпровідникових діодів.

3. Те, що напівпровідникові діоди використовуються в різних галузях промисловості, відомо всім.

4. Ми повинні всіляко використовувати можливість застосування напівпровідників в радіотехніці.

5. Не користуючись напівпровідниковими діодaмі, ми не зможемо удосконалити наш прилад.

6. Перетворюючи світлову та теплову енергію в електричну, ми можемо користуватися напівпровідниками.

16. You are going to the conference which devoted to the development of digital tv. Your topic is - pros and cons of digital tv. Write a report of at least 160 words using the words in the box:

DTV / receiver / expensive / broadcasting / system / main / features / signal / quality / pictures.

17. Read the supplementary text and entitle it. Translate the text into Ukrainian and put 15 different questions.

A DTV receiver is a set-top box that permits the reception of Digital television. Its components are very similar to a desktop PC. The DTV receiver is a vital link in the chain of television system. The goal of a broadcasting system is to concentrate the hardware requirements at the source to simplify the receivers and makes it as inexpensive as possible.

It is usually connected to the TV set or incorporated in the TV set. The main features of a DTV receiver may be classified as follows:

  • decodes the incoming digital signal; verifies access rights and security levels;

  • displays cinema quality pictures on the TV set; outputs digital surround sound;

  • processes and renders Internet and interactive TV services.