3 Reading comprehension

A. Answer the questions to the text:

1. What are the basic parts of a computer?

2. What are computers used for?

3. Why are all computers IBM compatible?

4. What features differ new models of computers from computers of the past?

5. Where has a breakthrough in cybernetics led to?

6. What area of life can we use computers?

B. Find out whether the statements given below are true (T) or false (F) according to the information in the text. If the statements are false, correct them.

1. There are a lot of types of apparatus that can replace computers. ( )

2. Programs for word processing and database management are especially important in business. ( )

3. It was Apple (Macintosh) who set the standard for the PC which others companies later imitated. ( )

4. Gathering data has always been a rather simple process. ( )

5. The use of computers can save both time and effort consuming. ( )

C. Complete the sentence below with the best answer (A, B or C) according to the information in the text.

4. Organizations exist to achieve some particular purpose …

   1. … but sometimes it’s difficult to define it.

   2. … and both employees and managers define it.

   3. … and managers are those who define that purpose and the means for its achievement.

5. As managers engage in planning, they …

   1. … arrange and structure work to accomplish the organization’s goals.

   2. … deal in any way with employee behavior issues.

   3. … set goals, establish strategies for achieving those goals, and develop plans to integrate and coordinate activities.

6. The final management function is controlling that is …

   1. … the process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting the work of subordinates.

   2. … the process of motivating subordinates and selecting the most effective communication channel

   3. … the process of determining what tasks are to be done.

3 Vocabulary

A. Match nouns and adjectives and their definitions.

1 software	A information in a form that can be stored and used, especially on a computer
2 hardware	B an important new discovery in something you are studying, especially one made after trying for a long time
3 data	C a set of instructions (programs) which tells the computer what to do
4 breakthrough	D able to be used together, especially when they are made by different companies (about pieces of computer equipment)
5 compatible	E any electronic or mechanical part of a computer
6 access	F a book that gives instructions about how to do something, especially how to use a machine
7 facilitate	G to make it easier for a process or activity to happen
8 manual	H to find information, especially on a computer; the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc.

1-… 2-… 3-… 4-… 5-… 6-… 7-… 8-…

B. Translate sentences. Pay attention to the use of the key words.

1. She loaded the new software.

2. The company has spent millions of dollars replacing outdated computer hardware.

3. All the data shows that these animals are more adaptable than we thought.

4. The instruction manuals that accompany new computer software are often difficult to understand.

5. This was an important breakthrough that had an enormous impact on the scientific community.

6. Unfortunately he bought a printer that was not compatible with his computer.

7. Most workplaces have a local network as well as access to the Internet.

8. Consult the computer manual if you have a problem.

9. Some experts foresee a future in which nobody would buy a spreadsheet program or word processor.

10. Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.

C. Read the text about different types of computers. Label the pictures (a-f) with words from the box.

netbook desktop PC tablet PC mainframe PDA laptop

a) _______________ b) _________________ c) _________________

d) ________________ e) __________________ f) ________________