Тема 2.4. Местоимение.

ЛИЧНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (PERSONAL PRONOUNS)

1. Личные местоимения являются показателями лица и имеют форму именительного и объектного падежа:

	Именительный падеж (the Nominative Case)	Объектный падеж (the Objective Case)
Единственное число
1-е лицо	I	me
2-е лицо	-	-
3-е лицо	he	him
	she	her
	it	it
Множественное число
1-е лицо	we	us
2-е лицо	you	you
3-е лицо	they	them

ПРИТЯЖАТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS)

1. Притяжательные местоимения отвечают на вопрос whose? чей? Притяжательные местоимения имеют две формы: присоединительную и абсолютную.

	Присоединительная форма	Абсолютная форма
Единственное число
1-е лицо	my	mine
2-е лицо	-	-
3-е лицо	his	his
	her	hers
	its	its
Множественное число
1-е лицо	our	ours
2-е лицо	your	yours
3-е лицо	their	theirs

Задание 1. Назовите личные местоимения, заменяющие сле­дующие существительные.

A family, a daughter, parents, a dog, Robert, people, an orange, fruit, morning, a word, Helen, a boy, the sun, a man, a teacher, sister, a doctor, the Bang, a grandmother, pets, the Queen, animals, a horse, grammar, a fly, a teenager, police, a boy-friend, paper, a book, news, scissors, weather.

Задание 2. Заполните пропуски местоимениями в нужной форме.

А. 1. This is my house. Do you like ... ? 2. Sam is very nice. Do you know ... ? 3. Those are your letters. Take ... . 4. He doesn't like animals. He is afraid of ... .5. Sally never drinks coffee. She hates ... . 6. He is so handsome! Look at .... 7. I don't need this magazine. You can have ... .8. Where are my shoes? I can't find ... .9. Margaret is talking to you. Listen to ... .10. What surprising news! Have you heard ... ? 11. I often eat fish. I love ... ! 12. Tim always thinks about Mary. He loves ... . 13. I'll be back in a minute. Wait for ... , please. 14. Your parents were so kind to you. Thank ... . 15. We are going to the party. Please join ... .

B. 1. This is my watch. ... bought ... yesterday. 2. She didn't come. What happened to ... ? 3. What's the matter with ... ? You look bad. 4. Do you have a new dress? Show ... to ... ! 5. I'd like to have some biscuits. Can you pass ... to ... ? 6. He needs the money. Give ... to ... , please. 7. Sarah's doctor is so kind! ... did so much for ... ! 8. We are very worried about you. Tell ... what is happening. 9. Who are these people? Nobody knows ... .10. Mum and I have good neighbours. I like to talk to ... .11. Sue seldom visits her parents. ... often phones ... . 12. I don't know Tina's telephone number. Could you write ... for ... ? 13. My son saw a new Hollywood movie. But ... didn't like ... very much. 14. Kevin and Bess bought a washing-machine. ... are proud of ... .

The scissors are very sharp. Be careful with ... . 16. Jack loves Sue. He offered ... to marry .

Притяжательные местоимения

Possessive Pronouns

Задание3. Заполните пропуски притяжательными местоиме­ниями.

А. 1. I cleaned ... shoes. 2. You cleaned ... shoes. 3. He cleaned ... shoes. 4. She cleaned ... shoes. 5. We cleaned ... shoes. 6. They cleaned ... shoes.

B. 1. She likes ... job. 2. He likes ... job. 3. They like ... jobs. 4. Do you like ... job? 5. I like ... job. 6. We like ... job.

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски притяжательными местоиме­ниями.

1. Autumn has come. I like ... beauty. 2. I wash ... hair every week. 3. Nelly saw Peter with ... wife. 4. He has a bad memory. He can't remember even ... own name. 5. This book is very old. ... pages are yellow. 6. I've got a relative in England. ... aunt lives in Guildford. 7. Some women are not happy with ... looks. 8. Charles is going to a picnic with ... girl­friend. 9. Are you satisfied with ... marks, Mark? 10. Sally and I like Maths. It's ... favourite subject. 11. Can I take ... raincoat, Ann? 12. - Is this ... tape recorder? - No, they don't have a tape recorder. 13. Can you rely on ... parents? 14. There is a mouse under the table. I can see ... tail! 15. My parents often play cards with ... neighbours.

Задание 5. Выберите нужное слово.

1. - Whose bag is this? Is it (your, yours) book or his? - It's (her, hers). 2. (Mine, my) task is easier than (your, yours). 3. Look at those people. They are (our, ours) friends. 4. It is not (their, theirs) house. (Their, theirs) is bigger. 5. (Your, yours) problem is (my, mine) problem. 6. Are (your, yours) hands warm? (Mine, my) are quite cold. 7. Can we use (your, yours) telephone? (Our, ours) is out of order. 8. Is this money (him, his) or (her, hers)? 9. Meet Mr. Bean. He is a friend of (our, ours). 10. We look after (their, theirs) children and they look after (our, ours). 11. I remember the house but I don't remember (its, his, it's) number. 12. The children always make (their, theirs) beds in the morning. 13. I told her (my, mine) life story and she told me (her, hers). 14. Will you check (my, mine) paper and I shall check (your, yours) test? 15. Now we are going to open (our, ours) presents, and then we shall look at (their, theirs).

ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS)

1. К вопросительным местоимениям относятся местоимения who кто, what что, кто (по профессии), какой, whose чей, which который.

Вопросительные местоимения служат для образования специальных вопросов.

2. Местоимения who, what могут выполнять в предложении следующие функции: a. Подлежащего:

Who headed our delegation to the Trade Unions Conference? Кто возглавлял нашу делегацию на Конференции Профсоюзов?

b. Именной части сказуемого:

Не always knows what is what. Он всегда знает, что к чему.

c. Дополнения:

What do you know about the World Peace Council? Что вы знаете о Всемирном Совете Мира?

Если вопросительное местоимение сочетается с предлогом, то предлог обычно ставится в конце предложения:

What are you reading about? О чем вы читаете?

Whom are you speaking to? С кем ты разговариваешь?

3. Местоимение who относится к лицам, местоимение what относится к предметам. Но местоимение what может относиться и к лицам, если спрашивают о профессии, роде занятий:

Who is that? - That is Comrade N. Кто это? - Это товарищ Н.

What is comrade N.? - He is an officer. Кто (по роду занятий, по профессии) товарищ Н.? - Он офицер.

4. Местоимения whose, which, what употребляются вместо прилагательных и могут выполнять в предложении функцию определения:

Whose article are you reading? Чью статью вы читаете?

Which article are you reading? Которую (из нескольких имеющихся или указанных) статью вы читаете?

What kind of article are you reading? Какую (что за) статью вы читаете?