Topic 5.

Hygiene of water and water supply. Sanitary protection of water objects.

Sanitary protection of soil clearance and populated areas

1 Crash happened on the sewerage network and as a result it could cause a leak into general water supply system of the city. What diseases could it cause?

A* Eshechirioses, shigelosis,paratyphosys

B Brucellosis, leptospirosis, salmonellosis

C. Plaque, tularemia, ricetciosis

D. Hepatitis B, iersineosis

E. diphtheria, scarlet fever, epidemic parotidis

2 There is a lot of trash in the hospital for 500 beds. They are: remains of food, bandages.What is the best way to disinfect it?

A* Burning

B Punching

C. Throw out to the dump

D. Put into the biothermal boxes

E. Throw out to the utilizing station

3 Outbreak of hepatitis A (possibly of water origin) was recorded in the urban village N., situated on the bank of the river S. What parameters can confirm this assumption?

* A. Number of coli - phages

V. Index of Escherichia coli

S. Okysnyuvanist

D. The presence of fewer

E. Index of fecal coliforms

4 Outbreak of hepatitis A (possibly of water origin) was recorded in the urban village, situated on the bank of the river . What parameters can confirm this assumption?

* A. Number of coli - phages

V. Index of Escherichia coli

S. Okysnyuvanist

D. The presence of fewer

E. Index of fecal coliforms

5. Graduates of the school, whose permanent place of residence is at the north region of Ukraine, in the summer holidays move to the sports camp for recovery, located on the bank of the Black Sea. Students had disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in the form of diarrhea in the first 2-3 days. During laboratory investigation of drinking water it was found that: taste - 3 points (bitter), the total mineralization -1270 mg / l (high), mainly due to the high content of cations (Na -120 mg / l, K -80 mg / l; Ca -220 mg / L Mg -100 mg / L) and anions (SO4 - 650 mg / L; Cl--120 mg / l; NO3--20 mg / l). Children drank water with low lawel of minerals in the place of permanent residence. What component had caused such disorders.

A. Content of sulfates in water

V. The content of nitrite nitrogen in water

S. ammonium nitrogen content in water

D. The content of chlorides in water

E. The content of nitrate nitrogen

6 Supervisor of rural kindergarten noticed a lot of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with frequent diarrhea in children. There were found (in mg/dm3): traces of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen - 0.002, nitrate nitrogen - 10, sulfates - 900 iron - 0,3, chloride - 240. What component had caused such disorders.

A. Content of sulfates in water

B. The content of nitrite nitrogen in water

C. ammonium nitrogen content in water

D. The content of chlorides in water

E. The content of nitrate nitrogen

7. Content of the sewerage has got into the water supply of the city because of the accident. What kinds of infectious outbreaks we should expect?

* A. Typhoid

B Viral hepatitis B

C. Leptospirosis

D. Tularaemia

E. Salmonellosis

8. These laboratory studies of soil showed that: a circle-coli - 0,7 with high anaerobes - 0,6, number of helminth eggs - 5, sanitary number , 0.89, titer of thermophiles - 0,001. What index does indicate the processes of soil self-purification?

* A. Titer of thermophiles

B. Circle-coli

C. Titer of anaerobes

D. Number of helminth eggs

E. Sanitary number of Khlebnikov

9. To supply the population of the village elected The source of water contains sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, iron that meets hygiene requirements, but with a higher content of fluorine (3 mg/dm3). What kind of the disease it may cause?

A * fluorosis

B Caries

C urolithiasis

D Gout

E bilious-stone disease

10. To control weeds in agricultural areas herbicides have been used for a long time related to sustainable. Specify the most likely way from the soil into the body:

A * Soil - plant - human

B soil - microorganisms - human

C Primer - animals - human

D Soil - simple - human

E Soils - insects - human

11. Water, which contains: Fluoride - 2,0 mg / nitrates - 8 mg / L, chloride - 250 mg / Iron - 0,2 mg / sulfates - 150 mg / liter. During drinking water with such chemical we can register disease such as:

* A. Fluorosis

V. endemic goiter

C. Dental caries

D. Thyrotoxicosis

E. Methemohlobinemiye

12 Water supply with Sulphates, Chlorids Nitrates,Iron has an increased quantity of Fluoride(3 mg/dm). During drinking water with such chemical we can register disease such as:

* A. Fluorosis

B. Dental caries

C.Urolitasis

D.Endemic goiter

E.Bilious disease

13. In spite of old and insufficient water pipes we agreed that it is necessary to perform sterilization of water by modern methods to improve quality of water in the major water supply. Offer the most reasonable method of disinfection.

* A, chlorination

B. Boiling

C. Ozonization

D. UV radiation

E. Coagulation, settling and filtration

14. Woman, 32 years old who live in Chernigov, has diagnose: chronic pyelonephritis in the phase of remission without hypertension and without violations of nitrogen excretion by the kidneys, She receives necessary treatment in cases of deterioration. Suggest the most appropriate area ofmineral waters for spa treatment of renal profile.

* A. Truskavets sanatorium

B. Yessentuky sanatorium.

C. Zheleznovodsk sanatorium.

D. Morshin sanatorium.

E. All proposed sanatoriums .

15. According to laboratory sanitary control of the soil, at the hospital territory is almost unpolluted, titres of Escherichia coli – contaminated, titres of anaerobes (Cl. perfringens) –almost unpolluted. It shows:

A * Fesh faecal contamination.

B Lack of intensity of humification of the soil

C The old fecal contamination.

D Permanent protein organic pollutants.

E Insufficient insulation on soil aeration.

16. Especially toxic unutilized industrial waste products have been formed on the enterprises during manufacturing process. Submit utilising and disposal methods.

* A. Disposal of industrial waste landfills in container packaging

B. Heat treatment

C. Biotermichna processing for improved garbage

D. Burial in the trench ranges from the bottom and wall insulation layer of compacted clay

E. Using as raw material for recycling

17. Inhabitants of the district in recent times began increasingly complaining because water in their homes was not suitable for use : it has orange sediment(2-3sm)It has unpleasant taste .It is impossible to make laundry, cook food. Laboratory investigation showed: Calcium (210 mg / L), magnesium (120 mg / l), iron (2 mg / l), fluoride (1 mg / l), silicon (10 ppm), selenium (0.0001 mg / L) , iodine (25 mg / l). What chemical element has caused worsening of the water quality after 3 days of assertion?

* A. Iron

B. Iodine

C. Calcium

D. Silicon

E. Fluoride

18. Insufficiently purified water industrial factory is discharged into the river, that is used as a source of centralized drinking water supply of the population. That causes disorders of the processes of self-purification of river water and degradation of quality that may have bad effects on human health. Such effect of environmental factors is called:

A * indirect

B Direct

C Combined

D Complex

E combined

19 Laboratory analysis of drinking water from artesian well were performed

during the review of new sources of water supply. Identified indicators of quality: 1.0 mg/dm3 of turbidity, smell and taste - 2 points, fluorine - 5 mg/dm3, index BHKP (circle-code) - 2, microbial number - 100. What kind of hygiene measure is necessary to perform to improve water quality?

A * defluorination

B Deodorization

C Softening

D Disinfection

E Clearing

20. During the laboratory analysis of drinking water from artesian wells it was found that transparency is 50 cm, Colour - 20 °; turbidity - 0,5 mg / l, smell and taste - 1 point, the total hardness - 12,5 meq / l of fluoride - 1.5 mg / l; okysnyuvanist - 0,7 mg / l, circle-index - 2; number of microbes - 10. What method should be performed for improving the quality of drinking water?

* A. Mitigation

B. Deodorization

C. defluorination

D. Decontamination

E. Lighting

The soil of the territory is moderately polluted by anaerobs, does not have helminth, maggots.

What way of examination will estimate the state of microregion?

A.* Bacteriological

B. Helmintological

C. Enthomological

D. Sanitary – epidemiological

E. All methods

22.Cases of the osteoporosis have been noticed in the region because of the consumption of water from the river. What element can cause osteoporosis of the bones?

* A. Strontium

B. Chlorides

C. Sulfates

D. Fluorine

E. Iodine

23. A laboratory study has showed an increased amount of ammonia, nitrites, high oxidizability and very low nitrate content in water. It is a great chance to make a preliminary conclusion based on the data:

* A. Fresh and continuing water pollution with organic substances

B. Previous pollution with organic substances

C. Fresh water pollution with organic substances

D. Persistent water pollution with organic substances

E. Water pollution by organic and inorganic (industrial) substances( waste products )

24. During laboratory study of soil that was given for building of hospital it was established: Circle-coli - 1, titer of anaerobes - 0,1; Sanitary number of Khlebnikov - 0.99; helminth eggs were absent there in 1 kg of soil, larvae and pupae of flies were absent on the area of 0.25 m2. Estimate the rate of safeness

A * Safe.

B relatively safe.

C Moderately dangerous.

D Dangerous.

E Extremely dangerous.

25. During laboratory studying of drinking water from the mine pit, located in towns, there were such microelements : Chloride - 140 mg/dm3, sulfate - 246 mg/dm3; fluoro - 1,1 mg/dm3 nitrates - 90 mg/dm3; iodine - 3,5 mkg/dm3 What endemic disease can occur in consumers

* A. Aqueous nitrate methemohlobinemiya

V. Hafska disease

S. endemic caries

D. Endemic goiter

E. endemic fluorosis

26. During examination of the group of people who live in the same area, common symptoms were notised: dark yellow pigmentation of tooth enamel, diffuse osteoporosis of the bones, ossification of ligaments, joints calcination. What microelement can cause such symptoms?

* A. Fluorine

B. Copper

C. Nickel

D. Iodine

E. Caesium

27During preventive examination of the population 25 % of examined people had the sings of fluorosis: pigmentation of the tooth enamel, general osteosklerosis combined with calcification of intervertebral ligaments. What is the cause of the disease.

D. Excessive content of fluoride in soil and water

B. Lack of fluoride in soil and water

C. Insufficient income of fluoride with tea

D. Excessive fluoride content in vegetable products

E. Lack of fluoride in animal products

28. Water sample was taken from the well, located in a district hospital. Sanitary survey of the territory accommodation of well demonstrated its proper state. Diseases of water origin among patients and medical staff were not registered. Laboratory results: clear water, colorless, no unpleasant taste and odor, moderate salinity, soft, with sufficient content of some chemical elements (fluorine, selenium, etc.). Oxidizability - 10 mg / L, ammonium salts content - 0,5 mg / l, nitrites - 0,005 mg / l. Give hygiene conclusion of the quality of water in wells.

* A. Water confirm hygiene requirements

B. Water does not confirm hygienic requirements that are necessary to reorganize the well

C. Water does not confirm hygienic requirements for the organoleptic characteristics

D. Water does not confirm hygienic physiological requirements

E. Water does not confirm hygienic level of its activity

29. An investigation of water, which is selected from the mine pit was performed. It was established: Transparent - 18 cm, color messenger ¬ - 15 °, smell - 3 points, okysnyuvanist - 8 mg / L, ammonium nitrogen content - 0,4 mg / l, nitrate nitrogen - 0,1 mhO2 / l, circle-coli - 83, circle-index - 12. What hygienic conclusion of the quality of water can be given?

* A. Water does not confirm hygienic requirements,it is important to perform sanation

B. Water confirm hygienic requirements

C. Water does not confirm hygienic requirements, it needs purification

D. Water does not confirm hygienic It is necessary to perform disposal

E. Water does not confirmc requirements, it is necessary to perform decontamination.

30. The results of the analysis of water indentify high level of bacterial contamination(coli-titre - 25)What is possible cause of deterioration of water?

*A.Disorder of hermeticy of water network

B. Stagnation of water

C.Material of the pipes

D. Old pipes

E Slited up pipes

31. Disproportional color of teeth has been noticed among population of certain region. Cutters had white spots, brown transverse stripes. Drinking water was under suspicion. Which components of the water could cause the disease - Ca, Mg, F, J, Fe?

A * F

B Ca

C Mg

D J

E Fe

32. In the boarding school 40 babies under 1 year got ill simultaneously. Characteristic symptoms: general weakness, cyanosis of visible mucous membranes. Children received artificial food mixtures, that were mixed with water. Methemoglobine was found in the blood.What chemical pollutants of water could be probable cause of toxic cyanosis?

* A. Nitrates

B. Aluminium

C. Lead

D. Arsen

E. Iron

33. In the water of the river N. content of cadmium exceeds the allowed concentration in 8-10 times. What diseases can be associated with that substance?

* A. Disease-Ittai Ittai

B. Minamata Disease

C. Disease Pasada

D. Yusho disease

E. Urovska disease

34Inhabitants of the place A. which is situated on the 3-d climatic zone have dental fluorosis.What concentrations of F-ion (mg / l) in drinking water can cause fluorosis?

* A. 1,5

B. 0,7

C. 1,0

D. 0,3

E. 0,1

35. To improve the quality of drinking water methods of cleaning and disinfection were used in the town N.. Which of the following methods could be used for water disinfection in modern water supply?

* A. Ozonization

B. Coagulation

C. Filtering

D. Boiling

E. Decontamination

36. Cases of osteoporosis of distal bones were registered. The presence of what chemical element in the water sources can cause osteoporosis of the bones?

* A. Strontium

B. Chlorides

C. Sulfates

D. Fluorine

E. Iodine

37. Because of the accident there is a threat of outbreaks of intestinal infections in the settlement. Point out the most effective method of water disinfection.

A. Super chlorination

B. Double chlorination

C. Ozonation

D Radiation of water by UF-radiation

E Chlor ination with preamonisation

38. In the urban village, located near the river frequent cases of hepatitis A have been registered. The most informative indicator that can confirm or refute connection between water quality and outbreak of hepatitis A is

* A. Number of intestinal bacterial group sticks in 1 liter of water

B. The content of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in 1 liter of water

C. Permanganate oxidizability and bihromatna

D. Dissolved oxygen in 1 liter of water

E. Biochemical demand in oxygen

39. In rural areas with decentralized water supply (mine wells) cases of prolonged parietal’s overgrowth , breach of bone tissue, delayed development of teeth were noticed in infants. The last one was caused by high content of:

* A. Strontium

Mr. Iodine

S. arsenic

D. Fluoride заростати

E., lead

40. In rural areas with decentralized water doctors noticed following symptoms : delayed parietal overgrowth and delayed development of teeth, often there are deformations of bones of lower extremities. Population consums water from wells. Water is characterized by high total hardness (up to 12 meq / l), calcium salts (300 ppm), strontium (10 mg / l) and a relatively low concentration of fluoride (0,1-0,2 mg / l). Breaches of osteo-articular apparatus are more likely related to the lack of hygienic requirements.

* A. Strontium

Mr. Iodine

S. arsenic

D. Fluoride

E., lead

41. Mine well is 20 m from the apartment building and 10 m from the dressing room, at a distance of 15 m. What is the minimal distance that according to norms should be the sourse of pollutionin?

* A. 30 m

B. 25 m

C. 20 m

D. 15 m

E. 10 m