4. Battle | combat | fighting collocations

to send sb into battle / combat: Troops were sent into battle. | Lyndon Johnson first sent U.S. combat troops into battle in March 1965.

to get into / go into / enter into battle / combat вступить в бой: Goblins are primarily support troops – their role is to ensure that your core troops get into combat against their chosen target. | We know we're going into combat. | Neither side was particularly willing to enter into serious combat.

to engage in battle / combat | to be engaged in battle / combat участвовать в бою: Earlier in the day, warriors will engage in mock battle. | At least 200 rebels were engaged in battle. | The soldiers were engaged in hand-to-hand combat.

to be killed / die in battle / combat: Her only brother was killed in battle. | King Olaf died in battle, in 1030. | Corporal Gierson was killed in combat (with the enemy forces). | Over 16 million men were killed in combat. | No one knew how many troops had died in combat.

to be locked in battle / combat to be involved in a long, serious fight with someone: Since then, the rebels and the armed forces of Sierra Leone have been locked in combat.

hand-to-hand combat / fighting рукопашный бой: Infantry deliberately placed themselves in positions where they would be engaged in hand-to-hand combat.

a battle / fighting rages (on) if something such as a battle or war rages, it continues with great violence or strong emotions: The battle raged all day. | The battle raged on. | Except for a Christmas truce, the battle of Hanoi raged through December. | Fierce fighting raged for several days.

5. action [uncountable] fighting during a war бой; боевые действия: When the action ended there were terrible losses on both sides. | There have been reports of widespread enemy action in the area. | The United States threatened military action against Iraq. | The government warned about the possibility of future military action.

to go into action вступить в бой

to send sb into action направлять в бой: The navy was sent into action. | The men were sent into action with little or no training.

to be in action воевать, вести бой: The army has been in action for the past three months.

to step up action (against sb) усиливать / интенсифицировать боевые действия: And it left open the fourth option, to step up military action against Hanoi and otherwise escalate the war.

to break off action прекратить бой

to see action to take part in military fighting: He saw action in Korea. | He saw action in the trenches.

to be / be listed as / be reported killed in action погибнуть / пасть в бою; числиться погибшим в бою: His father was killed in action in Vietnam. | He was never listed as killed in action. | Their son was reported killed in action.

to be / be listed as / be reported wounded in action быть раненым в бою; числиться раненым в бою: 9 soldiers were killed and 15 wounded in action. | Their son was reported wounded in action.

to be / be listed as / be reported missing in action пропасть без вести; числиться пропавшим без вести: Approximately 58,000 soldiers were dead or missing in action. | Their son was reported missing in action. | Kip was never listed as missing in action.

6. fight [countable] a battle between two armies, especially the fighting that happens at one particular place and time бой, битва, сражение: the fight for Bunker Hill

bloody / messy / scrappy / violent fight: The town was recaptured after a bloody fight.

to put up a (brave / fair) fight (against sb): They put up a brave fight against the attackers.

7. engagement [countable; uncountable] (formal) a battle between armies бой, битва, сражение: Heavy engagements are reported between rebels and government forces. | The constitution prohibits them from military engagement on foreign soil.

8. to fight [intransitive; transitive] to take part in a war or battle сражаться, воевать: The soldiers fought from house to house. | The troops were fighting at close quarters.

to fight against / with sb | to fight sb воевать против кого-л. / с кем-л.: In World War II, Britain fought with Germany. | He fought against the Nazis during World War II. | Vietnam fought France and the US over 30 years. | These men fought the Japanese in the Second World War.

to fight with sb воевать на чьей-л. стороне: In World War II, the Americans fought with the British and French against the Germans. | They fought with the North against the South.

to fight (a war) over / for / about sth воевать за что-л.: The two countries started fighting over control of the northern plains. | The United States fought a war with Mexico over their common border. | Britain and Argentina fought for control of the islands. | We believed we were fighting for freedom and democracy.

to fight in a war: My grandfather fought in the last war. | His grandfather fought on the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War.

to fight a war / battle / campaign вести войну / бой: Neither country is capable of fighting a long war. | The terrorists claim that they are fighting a just war. | We must fight this battle through to victory. | They fight guerrilla campaigns, as befits their savagery, which are extremely difficult to subdue.

to fight on two / several fronts: The war for independence was fought on several fronts.

to fight to do sth: Allied troops fought to liberate the city.

to fight bravely / heroically / valiantly смело сражаться: The young soldiers fought valiantly but were soon defeated.

to fight hard / stubbornly упорно сражаться

to fight to the end / finish to fight until one side is completely defeated сражаться до конца: The two opposing armies fought through to the end. | This battle is our last chance; we must fight to the finish.

9. to battle [intransitive] to fight against an enemy сражаться

to battle: The opposing armies battled on until night. | For years the two nations battled over territory.

to battle against / with sb: The soldiers battled against the opposing army all day. | Tomorrow we shall battle with old enemies and defeat them.

10. to engage [intransitive; transitive] to attack or begin to fight with an enemy in battle вступать в бой; открывать огонь

to engage: The two armies engaged at dawn. | Our army engaged with the enemy at the first light of day.

to engage sb: The general did not engage the enemy. | Enemy planes engaged the troops as they advanced into the mountains. | It could engage the enemy beyond the range of hostile torpedoes.

11. war effort [singular] work that is done during a war, usually by people who are not fighting but are doing other things to help their country keep fighting военная экономика; тыл: He could not participate in the war effort. | He says that Churchill had told them they could be proud to have mined coal for the war effort.

12. martial law [uncountable] a situation in which the army controls an area instead of the police, especially because of fighting against the government; direct military government, by which ordinary law is suspended, for example during a rebellion военное положение

13. curfew [uncountable; countable] a law that does not allow people to go outside between a particular time in the evening and a particular time in the morning, especially during a war or a period of political trouble, or the period of time during which people must not go outside according to a curfew law комендантский час: Anyone found in the streets after curfew was shot. | The curfew will end next March, when his debt to society will officially have been paid. | You'll be in trouble if you get home after curfew. | Thousands of people have taken to the streets in defiance of the curfew. | A twelve hour night time curfew is in force.

to break / defy a curfew нарушать / не соблюдать комендантский час: He was shot for breaking the curfew. | In Lucknow crowds of people defied the curfew to celebrate on the streets.