- •Нижний Новгород 2007
- •Contents
- •1. The environment
- •Environmentally harmful / damaging экологически вредный / опасный, вредный для окружающей среды
- •2. Wildlife
- •3. Environmental protection
- •4. Pollution
- •4.1. General concepts
- •4.2. Emissions
- •4.3. Waste
- •4.4. Waste disposal and recycling
- •4.5. Depletion of the ozone layer
- •5. Resources
- •Natural resources | mineral resources collocations
- •6. Exploitation of natural resources
- •Coal field | oil field | gas field collocations
- •7. Sources of energy
- •8. Natural Disasters
- •Volcanic eruption извержение вулкана
- •Storm | hurricane | tornado | whirlwind | twister | cyclone | typhoon collocations
- •9. Farming
- •Farming | agriculture collocations
- •Virgin soil целинная почва, целина, новь
- •Pesticide | herbicide | insecticide collocations
6. Exploitation of natural resources
deposit | repository (formal) [countable] a layer of a mineral, metal or another substance that is left in soil or rocks through a natural process месторождение, залежь, залежи: a mineral / iron ore / coal / oil / gas deposit | underground deposits of gold and diamonds | rich deposits of oil and natural gas | There is the equally important matter of safeguarding mineral deposits. | Mineral undertakers have long-standing powers to obtain rights over land containing mineral deposits. | This area happens to be the repository of most of Iraq's oil.
to discover / find / identify a deposit: Rich mineral deposits have been discovered in the area. | There's a huge amount of oil that hasn't been discovered. | Valuable new deposits of tin have been found in Bolivia. | Typically, they hunt vast areas to find suitable deposits. | In March 1988 Glencar announced that it had found deposits of gold, estimating the reserves at £300 million. | Its companies have identified billions of dollars' worth of oil and mineral deposits.
coal field | coalfield | coal deposit [countable] an area where there is coal under the ground that is suitable for mining месторождение / залежь / залежи угля, угольное месторождение; угольный бассейн: Coal-fired plants are mainly located inland, and very close to existing coalfields. | Other coalfields have changed in similar ways. | A detailed revision of the coalfield areas commenced in 1902.
coal mine | coal pit (British English) [countable] a place from which coal is dug out of the ground угольная шахта, угольный карьер: They used to live in the county of Saepiol in North Hamgyong, where the father worked in the Aoji coal mine. | Cerrejon is the second largest open pit coal mine in the world.
oil field | oilfield | oil deposit [countable] an area of land or sea under which there is oil месторождение нефти; нефтяной бассейн: As more oilfields were discovered, petroleum products increased by more than 16 times in the 1920s. | Five more oilfields were producing oil from the North Sea continental shelf in 1976, including the massive Brent and Alpha fields. | The purpose of the visit was to review North Sea technologies with a view to utilizing them in their own oilfields. | Drilling will continue on the site to assess the dimensions of the new oilfield.
to operate an oil field: Under a 1986 standstill agreement, the fields are still partly the property of the American oil companies, though they have been operated by the Libyan government.