Grammar exercises

Exercise 1. Поставьте следующие глаголы в Past Simple.

To power, to take, to remove, to catch, to fly, to drive, to tell, to damage, to injure, to have, to be, to appear, to direct, to go, to get, to break, to brake, to ride, to miss, to see, to look, to describe, to move, to come, to refuse, to carry.

Exercise 2. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в форму Past Simple Tense.

1. In Russia, in the 1780s, Ivan Kulibin (to develop) a human-pedaled, three-wheeled carriage with modern features. 2. In November 1881 French inventor Gustave Trouvé (to demonstrate) a working three-wheeled automobile. 3. Karl Benz (to build) his first automobile in 1885 in Mannheim. 4. Daimler and Maybach (to found) Daimler Motor Company (DMG) in Cannstatt in 1890 and under the brand name, Daimler, (to sell) their first automobile in 1892. 5. Daimler (to die) in 1900 and later that year, Maybach (to design) an engine named Daimler-Mercedes. 6. Karl Benz (to propose) co-operation between DMG and Benz & Cie when economic conditions (to begin) to deteriorate in Germany following the First World War. 7. First company formed exclusively to build automobiles (to be) Panhard et Levassor in France, which also (to introduce) the first four-cylinder engine. 8. In 1949 the United States (to see) the introduction of high-compression V8 engines and modern bodies from General Motors' Oldsmobile and Cadillac brands. 9. Throughout the 1950s, engine power and vehicle speeds (to rise), designs (to become) more integrated, and cars (to spread) across the world. 10. The market (to change) in the 1960s, as Detroit (to begin) to worry about foreign competition, the European makers (to adopt) ever-higher technology, and Japan (to appear) as a serious car-producing nation.

Exercise 3. Прочитайте и переведите диалог. Составьте свой диалог, используя слова урока.

A: How did you get here?

B: I came by bus.

A: And the others?

B: Sue and John came by car.

A: And Paul?

B: He missed the bus, so he had to take a taxi.

Exercise 4. Найдите в каждом предложении глагол в прошедшем времени, назовите исходную форму и переведите.

An Accident

There was a serious accident on one of the main roads into Stuttgart this morning. An old lorry (truck) broke down in the middle of the road, and the driver couldn’t move it. It was eight o’clock, the middle of the rush hour, so it soon created a terrible traffic jam. Drivers got very angry and a man in a Mercedes tried to go round the lorry. Unfortunately another car was coming in the opposite direction. The driver braked hard and tried to stop, but he couldn’t prevent the accident – the driver of the Mercedes was all right, but the other one injured his leg. Both cars were damaged.

Words:

main road – главная дорога, магистраль, шоссе to move – двигаться

to break down – ломаться rush hour – час пик

could (форма прошедшего времени от “can” ) – смог, был в состоянии

traffic jam – дорожная “пробка”, “затор” (в уличном движении)

to prevent – предотвращать

Exercise 5. Разделите приведенные ниже слова на три группы, определяя по суффиксу часть речи - существительное, прилагательное или наречие. Переведите слова.

Organization, efficient, middle, equipment, engine, completely, operator, remove, usually, operation, carburetor, electronic, necessary, automobile, generally, different.

Exercise 6. Образуйте (и переведите) имена существительные от приведенных ниже глаголов с помощью суффиксов:

A. -er, -or: tо control, to design, to use, to manufacture, to work, to protect, to transmit, to drive.

B. -tion, -sion: to organize, to combine, to apply (ic), to represent, to produce, to operate, to invent.

C. –ment: to require, to measure, to equip, to improve, to develop, to displace, to move.

LESSON III

Exersise 1. Read the words and combinations

viable –жизнеспособный sustainable –экологически устойчивый

efficient –эффективный conventional –обычный, традиционный

Exersise 2. These terms you should know

fossil fuel – ископаемое топливо

hybrid electric vehicle –гибридный электромобиль

hydrogen car –водородный автомобиль

compressed-air car – пневматический автомобиль

propulsion system –силовая установка

rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) – перезаряжаемая энергоаккумулирующая система

charging unit -зарядное устройство

internal combustion engine – двигатель внутреннего сгорания

idle -холостой ход

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