6. Make up sentences of your own with the given phrases.

To provide an efficient way To refer to

To interact with To contribute to

In response to smth. To roll into

To suspend Coordination of activities

To be controlled and affected To request a service

To provide smth. in a manner To be responsible for

7. Arrange the following in the pairs of

synonyms

to carry out, authentication, to act, to suspend, answer, to regard, to do, to restrict, to control, to perform, to launch, originality, to release, to distinguish, to believe, to sustain, to discontinue, to consider, to support, to differentiate, to handle, response.

antonyms

wireless, privileged, remote, close, responsible, helpful, irrational, segmentation, joint, to launch, to expand, independent, rational, non-privileged, unhelpful, illegal, to limit, unification, to stop, irresponsible, legal, wired.

8. Answer the questions using the following phrases.

1. What is an operating system?

(commonly abbreviated, interface, to be responsible for, share the resources)

2. What services do operating systems offer?

(a number of access, to invoke, to request a service, the results of the application)

3. Do all computers require operating systems?

(make to perform, moderate number of tasks, to communicate with the outer world)

4. How many functions does any operating system have?

(manage the resources, to establish, to execute and provide services)

5. What are the types of operating systems?

(to control, to manage the resources, to be performed, to take advantage, to be controlled for balance)

6. What are the main features of the operating systems?

( to be central to, to suspend, to limit the capabilities, to have access, memory segmentation, to do at most, to be passed to a process)

7. When was the first operating system created?

(originally, the main stages, true operating system, lack of security)

8. What does the term “Unix-like” mean?

(to be commonly used, to refer to, a large set of)

9. What are the main features of Windows?

(proprietary operating system, originate, add-on)

10. What are the main features of “Unix-like” operating systems?

(complex family, interrelated, a diverse group, sub-categories, to resemble, set out to write, to fix, to roll into, source code, to contribute to)

9. Here are the descriptions of some terms. Match them up to the given titles.

1. Operating system	a. are used when only one application is needed to be performed.
2. Application programming interfaces	b. are used to control machinery, scientific instrument and industrial system.
3. For hand-held and desktop computers, the user interface	c. can request a service from the operating system, pass parameters, and receive the results of the application.
4. Real-time operating systems	d. is an interface between hardware and user.
5. Single-user single-task	e. allow certain CPU functions to be controlled and affected only by the operating system kernel.
6. Single-user multi-task	f. is generally considered part of the operating system.
7. Interrupt	g. refers to the running of multiple independent computer programs on the same computer, giving the appearance that it is performing the tasks at the same time.
8. Supervisor mode	h. are mostly used on desktop and laptop computer systems.
9. Multi-user operating systems	i. provide an efficient way for the operating system to interact parameters and receive results of the application.
10. Memory protection	j. are broadly used in computer networks, allowing many different users to take advantage of the computer’s resources simultaneously.
11. Multitasking	k. is a piece of software which determines how much time each program will spend executing, and in which order execution
12. A scheduler	l. enables the kernel to limit a process access to the computer’s memory.