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Unit 9: reading

1 Match the words from the text with their definitions.

1 injured a start

2 emergency b made

3 equipment c physically hurt

4 created d something which carries people from one place to another

5 vehicle e a dangerous situation – help is needed quickly

6 beginning f things that you need for a certain activity

Ambulance history

In the 11th century, the Knights of St John learnt how to treat injured people from Arab and Greek doctors. The Knights of St John were the first emergency workers. They brought all soldiers injured in war to their tents for treatment. The idea of an ambulance service started in Europe with the Knights of St John. Soldiers who carried the injured bodies of other soldiers to tents for medical treatment also received some money.

The main doctor of the French Grand Army, Baron Dominiquie Larrey, created the first official army medical team in 1792. People with equipment came from the hospitals to give first aid to soldiers injured on the battlefield and carried them back in carts and wagons to the hospitals.

Motorised ambulance vehicles started to be used at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1950s the United States started to use helicopter ambulances in the Korean War. In 1968 St Vincent's Hospital in New York City started the first travelling heart care team.

2 Read the text again and answer the questions.

1 Who taught the Knights of St John to help injured people?

2 Where did the Knights of St John take the injured soldiers?

3 What did some soldiers do to get money?

4 Who was Baron Dominiquie Larrey?

5 How were the injured taken back to the hospitals? (paragraph 2)

6 When did people start to use motorised ambulance vehicles?

7 Who used helicopter ambulances first of all?

8 Where was the first travelling heart care team?

Unit 9: study skills

Taking notes while reading

1 Read about Bessie Blount and then complete the notes with the words in the box.

Bessie Blount was born in Virginia, USA in 1914. She moved from Virginia to New Jersey to study to be a therapist at the Panzar College of Physical Education and at Union Junior College. She did more training in Chicago. Bessie Blount worked with soldiers injured in the Second World War. After this, in 1951, she invented a device to help badly injured soldiers to feed themselves.

The electrical device was a tube which gave one mouthful of food at a time to a patient whenever they bit on the tube. She later invented a smaller portable device that patients could wear around their neck.

Bessie Blount started teaching physical therapy at the Bronx Hospital in New York. She got no support from the United States Veterans’ Administration, so she gave the rights to her idea to the French government in 1952. The French government put the equipment to good use, helping to make life better for many war veterans.

feeding device for injured soldiers 1914 therapist Bronx

patient could wear around neck US gov

  • Born 1 ._____________

  • job 2. _____________

  • invented 3 .

  • later invented something smaller 4 . _____________

  • taught at 5 _____________ Hosp in New York.

  • no support from 6 _____________ Veterans’ Administration.

  • in 1952 gave rights to French 7 . _____________

Writing a short biography

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