Sound /oı/

1. L isten to the sound / oı / on its own. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this vowel sound.

The English diphthong / oı / begins as a short lax labialised back open /o/ and immediately proceeds in the direction of /ı /. The lips are slightly rounded and not at all protruded.

2. Listen and repeat.

Oil, boil, coin, toy, joy.

3. Read these examples of the sound / oı /.

boy	voice	enjoyed
toy	boil	soil
oil	coin	royal
noise	choice	annoy
point	employ	toil

4. Listen to the sounds /o:/ and / oı / in contrast and repeat.

All – oil, ball – boil, corn – coin, tore – toy, jaw – joy.

5. Read the words below and compare the sound /oı/ with the words on each side. Transcribe the words.

	/ oı /
buy	boy	bay
pint	point	paint
all	oil	I’ll

6. Read the following sentences. Mind the right articulation of the sounds / oı /.

1. Roy enjoys noisy toys.

2. The boy bought some oil.

3. Tom joined his noisy friends.

4. Roy likes oysters.

5. The boy was glad to hear his mother’s voice.

6. He gave the boys money to buy toys.

7. Floy enjoyed the voile dress.

8. Mr. Boiler is employed at Detroit.

9. The point of the foil is poisoned.

10. He voiced his annoyance at the noise in the Savoy.

11. The Royal adroitly avoided the destroyer.

VII. Listen to the dialogue (Sound Right 23.1). Intone it. Learn and reproduce it, paying attention to the pronunciation of the sound / oı / and / aı /.

VIII. Learn the following graphical rules:

Vowel / oı / is represented in spelling by:

The diagraphs “oi”, “oy” (oil, toy)

Irregular Readings: tortoise

IX. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the proverbs. Learn them.

1.The voice of one man is the voice of no one.

2. Loyal is as loyal does.

X. Learn the following tongue twister:

What noise annoys an oyster most?

A noise annoys an oyster, but a noisy noise annoys an oyster most!

The consonant sounds /f/, /v/ and /w/.

40. L isten to the sound / f / on its own. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this consonant sound.

The lower lip is raised to the upper front teeth and a narrowing of the air-passage is formed between the lower lip and the teeth. The air passes through this narrowing producing audible friction. The front part of the tongue is somewhat lowered, the tongue is slightly retracted from the lower teeth. The soft palate is raised and the air escapes through the mouth cavity. The vocal cords are not made to vibrate.

41. Listen and repeat.

Fin, feel, fail, fine, sniff, half.

42. Read these examples of the sound / f /.

few	fly	knife	afraid
leaf	freeze	stuff	sofa
free	offer	laugh	tough
coffee	selfish	frank	found
photo	gift	effort	safe

43. Read the sound / f / in the words below and compare it with the words on each side.

	/f/
view	few	view
leave	leaf	leave
three	free	three
copy	coffee	copy

44. L isten to the sound /v/. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this consonant sound

The English / v / is formed like the English / f / except that the vocal cords are made to vibrate and the tongue occupies a somewhat lower position.

45. Listen and repeat.

    1. Veal, vine, veil, view, leave, halve.

    2. Vet, vest, van, volts, vote, vole.

46. Read these examples of the sound / v /.

very	vote	wave	verse
vest	voice	twelve	value
vet	River	of	glove
van	wives	have	move
visa	loved	save	drive

47. Read the sound / v / in the words below and compare it with the words on each side.

	/v/
ferry	very	ferry
best	vest	best
wet	vet	wet
than	van	than

48. Listen to the sounds in contrast and repeat.

• / f/ and / v /

Feel – veal, fine – vine, fail – veil, few – view, leaf – leave, half – halve.

• / b/ and / v /

Bet – vet, best – vest, ban – van, bolts – volts, boat – vote, bowl – vole.

49. Listen to the sound / w / on its own. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this consonant sound

The lips are more or less protruded and rounded forming a small round or oval-shaped opening through which the air escapes. The tongue is in the back part of the mouth cavity, its tip being retracted from the lower teeth. The back of the tongue is raised towards the soft palate. The vocal cords are in vibration.

50. Listen and repeat.

We, wheel, west, wet, wine, whale.

51. Read these examples of the sound / w /.

    west	what	awake	between
    aware	one	wise	afterwards
    would	language	always	reward
    win	quick	whisper	forward
    wage	square	whim	anyway

52. Read the sound / w / in the words below and compare it with the words on each side.

    	/w/
    vest	west	vest
    of air	aware	of air
    good	would	good
    Gwyn	win	Gwyn

53. Listen to the sounds / v / and / w / in contrast and repeat.

V – we, veal – wheel, vest – west, vet – wet, vine – wine, veil – whale.

ІХ. Read the following sentences. Mind the right articulation of the sounds / f /, /v /and / w /.

3. Frank found four frogs laughing on the floor.

4. Vera drove to Venice in a van.

5. Wendy went away twice a week.

Х. Listen to the dialogues (Sound Right 31.1, 32.1). Intone them. Learn and reproduce them, paying attention to the pronunciation of the sounds / f /, /v /and / w /..

ХІ. Learn the following graphical rules:

Spelling	/f/	“f” (fell), “ff” (offer), “ph” (photo), “gh” (laugh)
	/v/	“v” (never), “f” (of)
	/w/	“w” (will), “wh” (when), “o” (one, once), “qu” /kw/ (quite)

ХІІ. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the proverbs and sayings. Learn them:

1. From the frying-pan into the fire.

2. Fight fire with fire.

3. A fault confessed is half forgotten.

4. When wine is in, wit is out.

5. Where there is a will there is a way.

ХІІІ. Learn the following tongue twister and read the text as fast as you can:

• The Vile VIP

When revising his visitor’s version of a plan for a very well paved avenue, the VIP was advised to reveal none of his motives. Eventually, however, the hapless visitor discovered his knavish views and confided that it was vital to review the plans together to avoid a conflict. The VIP was not convinced, and averred that he would have it vetoed by the vice president. This quite vexed the visitor, who then vowed to invent an indestructible paving compound in order to avenge his good name. The VIP found himself on the verge of a civil war with a visitor with whom he had previously conversed easily. It was only due to his insufferable vanity that the inevitable division arrived as soon as it did. Never again did the visitor converse with the vain VIP and they remained divided forever.

• I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.

• Vinegar, veal, and venison,

Are very good victuals I vow.

• A weaver in Vienna weaves a wonderful velvet,

But he never wears it

As the weather is warm.