Суффикс ing

Глагол + ing = причастие, существительное, деепричастие

Reading – читающий, чтение, читая

Reading is harmful for eyes. Чтение вредно для глаз

A reading boy is rare. – читающий мальчик - редкость

I listen to the radio reading a book. – я слушаю радио, читая книгу

Running every morning is useful. – бег каждое утро полезен

I see a running boy. – я вижу бегущего мальчика

Running near the forest he sees bears. – пробегая мимо леса он видит медведей

I like to read = I like reading – я люблю читать

I hate reading – я ненавижу читать

I enjoy reading –я получаю удовольствие от чтения

Stop reading – прекратите читать!

He begins reading – он начинает читать

Keep talking – продолжай говорить!

He keeps listening - он продолжает слушать.

Many, much, little, a little, few, a few, lots of, a lot of

Many – много для исчисляемых

Much – много для неисчисляемых

I can drink many cups of coffee at once.

I don’t like much sugar in the tea.

Little – мало (недостаточно) для неисчисляемых

a little – мало (но хватит) для неисчисляемых

I’ll eat a few eggs and a little milk.

There is little sugar in the bowl, bring me some more.

I’ll drink a little coffee.

I have little time to read.

few - мало (недостаточно) для исчисляемых

a few – мало, несколько (но хватит) для исчисляемых

She has few friends, she has nobody to talk to.

I have a few friends and they are very trusty.

Let’s invite a few friends to go with us.

Can you stay a few days longer?

I may be a few minutes late.

lots of, a lot of –очень много (толпа, завал) для неисчисляемых

A lot of people, lots of people.

I have a lot of work to do.

several - несколько

numerous - многочисленный

enough – достаточно, достаточный

a bit of – немножко, несколько

plenty of – избыточно, избыточный (больше, чем достаточно)

Согласование времен, прямая – косвенная речь

Настоящее время главного предложения	Прошедшее время главного предложения
He says that he knows your friend	He said that he knew your friend
She thinks that you passed your examination in physics	She thought that you had passed your examination in physics
They know that you will graduate from the institute next year	They knew you would graduate from the institute next year
The teacher asks if you can write English words	The teacher asked if you could write English words
She wants to know whether you completed your work yesterday	She wanted to know whether you had completed your work the day before yesterday
She says that she has seen that magazine in our library	She said she had seen that magazine in our library
We know that the young writer is working at a novel	We knew that the young writer was working at a novel

He asked if the baby had been called Mary

I did not know that my friend’s son had failed in chemistry

They thought I could drive a car

The boy said he had scarcely enough money to return home

I know he was experimenting steadily for hours

They said that they had chosen their course and nothing could turn them from it

We considered that he could not translate the article without a dictionary

I did not think that she would be refused a better room for her research

He asks if he may keep this book as long as he needs it

They wanted to know whether the new building was on the left side of the street

They told the child that the weather was fine and he could have a walk for two hours

He asked how normal temperature was maintained in the underground

He asked if in the early days the trains had been driven by locomotives which burnt coal

He said that entirely automatic driving would be developed