II. Прочитайте текст ще раз та дайте письмові відповіді на наступні запитання:

1. What's an economic system?

2. What does a standard of living depend on?

3. What's a planned economy?

4. What are its main features?

III. Прочитайте наступні речення з тексту та дайте письмову відповідь: а) речення правдиве та б) речення неправдиве.

1. There are a number of ways in which a state can organize its economy.

2. The less goods and services that can be produced from these limited resources, the higher the standard of living enjoyed by the country's citizens.

3. Planned economies are sometimes called "command economies".

4. Planned economies are economies with a small amount of central planning and direction.

5. The state decides precisely what the nation is to produce.

IV. Перепишіть речення, визначіть в кожному з них часову форму та стан дієслова-присудка. Перекладіть речення на українську мову.

1. Mr. and Mrs. Bretton wanted to see their own house.

2. Gerold likes to live on his own.

3. Eliza was writing a letter to a friend of hers.

4. We will go there this morning.

5. We agreed about it last week.

V. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх, звертаючи увагу на вживання модальних дієслів, підкресліть їх.

1. Nobody could translate this text into Russian. It was very difficult.

2. Nobody could come, because all of them were busy.

3. Everybody could tell him about it because all of them were the witnesses of the conversation.

4. I could not imagine he was that brutal man.

5. Bill will not be able to give you this book in the evening.

VI. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх, звертаючи увагу на узгодження часів.

1. Alice told me that she went to the park every Sunday.

2. Tom said that he had been learning English for two hours before his friend came

3. She wanted to know what kind of films I liked.

4. Boris asked me if I played tennis every day

5. She said that they had been there for a week.

VII. Прочитайте наступні речення та оберіть правильну відповідь із запропонованих варіантів. Запишіть ії.

1. Nina said Lucy complained that her friends never ..... any attention to what she told them.

a) would pay;

b) paid;

c) had paid;

d) pay.

2. ..… you please be quiet? I’m trying to read.

a) should;

b) shall;

c) would;

d) can.

3. Alice … me that she went to the park every Sunday.

a) tell;

b) told;

c) is telling;

d) speek.

4. Everybody … tell him about it because all of them were the witnesses of the conversation.

a) might;

b) may;

c) could;

d) can.

5. Gerold … to live on his own.

a) likes;

b) liked;

c) like;

d) is liking .

Варіант №4

I. Прочитайте текст та усно перекладіть з 1-4 абзаци. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть 2, 3 та 4-й абзаци.

Market economics

I. The best examples of this type of economy are to be found in small South-East Asian states like Hong Kong and Singapore, though even they are not pure examples of market economies. Even they contain some businesses owned and run by the state.

II. In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favoured. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favoured ones.

III. Thus, we can see that in a market economy it is consumers who decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favoured products.

IV. Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible. In a free market individual people are free to pursue their own interests. They can become millionaires, for example. You actually make the society better-off by creating new jobs and opportunities, even though you become a millionaire in the process, and you do it without any government help or intervention.