Unit 2 Four-stroke cycle and petrol system

1. Memorize the new words and word-combinations:

1. suction stroke

2. compression stroke

3. explosion stroke

4. carburettor

5. four-stroke cycle

6. firing сycle

7. exhaust stroke

такт всмоктування

такт стискання

такт згоряння

карбюратор

чотиритактний цикл

робочий цикл

такт випуску

2. Choose the pairs of word combinations:

1.brake pedal

2.handbrake

3.first gear

4.sparking plug

5.four-stroke cycle

6.compression stroke

7.petrol system

8.exhaust stroke

9.firing cycle

10.gear lever

a) робочий цикл

b) ручні гальма

c) важіль переключення передач

d) чотиритактний цикл

e) паливна система

f) гальмова педаль

g) перша передача

h) свічка запалювання

i) такт стискання

j) такт випуску

3. Read and translate the text. Four-stroke cycle and petrol system

The suction stroke. In this stroke the piston is moving down the cylinder. The inlet valve is open. A mixture of air and petrol is drawn into the cylinder above the piston.

The compression stroke. In this stroke the piston is moving up the cylinder. Both valves are closed. The piston moves up as far as it can. It pushes the mixture of air and petrol in front of it. It compresses it into the space above the cylinder.

The explosion stroke. In this stroke, the spark fires the mixture and it explodes. The energy released by the burning mixture forces the piston down the cylinder.

The exhaust stroke. In this stroke the piston is moving up the cylinder. The exhaust valve is open. Smoke and gases remain after the explosion. The piston pushes them in front of it. They are pushed through the exhaust valve opening. They leave the cylinder through a pipe. Now the cycle begins again.

The petrol system. A mixture of air and petrol explodes in the cylinder. This explosion forces the piston down. How does this mixture of air and petrol get into the cylinder? In the petrol cylinder there are three things:

The petrol tank. When we put petrol into a car, it goes straight into the petrol tank. The petrol tank is a large container that keeps the petrol safely.

The petrol pump. The petrol pump pumps the petrol from the tank into the carburettor. The tank is a long way from the engine. It is usually at the back of the car.

The carburetor. The carburettor mixes the air and the petrol. If there is more petrol, the mixture is rich. If there is more air, the mixture is weak. The accelerator pedal controls the flow of the mixture.

4. Answer the questions.

1) What keeps the petrol safely in the car?

2) How does the petrol get from the tank to the carburetor?

3) How is the flow of mixture controlled in the carburetor?

5. Give the correct translation of the first word of the row.

1) круговий - circulate, circulation, circular, circulator.

2) розподіляти - distributor, distribute, distribution, distributive.

3) суміш - mix, mixture, mixing, mixer.

4) слабо - weak, weaken, weakness, weakly.

5) іскра - sparker, spark, sparking, sparkless.