Assignments

1) Translate the text paying special attention to historical terminology.

2) Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following:

terrible; to lobby; rallies and petitions; goal; friendship; public awareness; goods; reformer; improvement; Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals;

3) Give definitions to the following:

abolitionist; merchant; regular education; anti-slavery motions; social reform; factory conditions;

4) Answer the questions on the text:

- Who had an enormous influence on Wilberforce?

- What was William's father?

- When was slave trade abolished in British Empire?

- What were Wilberforce's other efforts?

- Where was Wilberforce buried?

5) Put questions to the underlined words in the text.

6) Speak on this issue adding extra information from other sources.

Interactive content:

http://slavetrade.parliament.uk/slavetrade/index.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/launch_anim_slavery.shtml

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Unit 16 Duke of Wellington (1769 - 1852)

This theme is dealt with in a lot of historical sources. The following citation is to illustrate this: «Wellesley was an Anglo-Irish general and statesman, victor at the Battle of Waterloo and twice British prime minister.

Arthur Wesley was born in Dublin in early May 1769. In 1798, his aristocratic Anglo-Irish family changed their name to Wellesley.

He was an unremarkable student at Eton, but seems to have found his calling when he joined the army in 1787. He fought against the French in Flanders and in 1796 went to India. His brother Richard was appointed governor general there in 1797. Wellesley achieved considerable military success, taking part in the Mysore War against Tipu Sultan. During the subjugation of the Mahrattas he achieved a remarkable victory at Assaye (1803).

Back in England he was knighted and became an MP. In 1807 he was appointed chief secretary for Ireland. However, his political career came to an abrupt end in the same year, when he returned to active service against the French. In 1808 he assumed control of the British, Portuguese and Spanish forces in the Peninsular War (1808 - 1814), eventually forcing the French to withdraw from Spain and Portugal. When Napoleon abdicated in 1814, Wellesley returned home a hero and was created Duke of Wellington.

He attended the Congress of Vienna and served for a briefly as ambassador to France but in 1815, Napoleon returned. Wellington became commander of the allied armies. With the help of Prussian forces under von Blucher he defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. The threat of Napoleon was at an end.

In 1818, Wellington was given a post in Lord Liverpool's Tory government. In 1827, he became commander in chief of the British army but in 1828 reluctantly accepted the post of prime minister. He believed in strong, authoritative government and an isolationist policy, although he antagonised sections of his party by forcing through the Catholic Emancipation Act (1829). His opposition to parliamentary reform made him unpopular, and he earned the nickname 'The Iron Duke' when he erected iron shutters on the windows of his London

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home, Apsley House, to prevent them being smashed by angry crowds.

Wellington's government fell in 1830. When they returned to power in 1834, Wellington declined the office of prime minister which went to Robert Peel. From 1834-5 Wellington served as foreign minister. He retired in 1846. He died on 14 September 1852 and was given a state funeral.»