- •Unit 1 grammar: The Personal Pronouns
- •The Possessive Pronouns
- •The Imperative Mood
- •The Direct Object and the Indirect Object
- •The Usage of Articles
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to the usage of the Imperative Mood, the Direct Object and the Indirect Object. Then rewrite the sentences in the negative:
- •2. Translate into English paying attention to the usage of the Imperative Mood, the Direct Object and the Indirect Object, the Possessive Pronouns:
- •The verb to be
- •Grammar exercises
- •4. Put the verb to be into the correct form. Translate the sentences:
- •5. Open the brackets and make the sentences positive or negative. Use the verb to be:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Read, translate and explain the usage of the articles:
- •8. Put in a/an or the where necessary and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •9. Translate into English:
- •The Plural of Nouns
- •Grammar exercises
- •11. Rewrite in plural. Translate the sentences:
- •12. Translate into English:
- •General and Alternative Questions
- •Grammar exercises
- •13. Ask questions, use the verb to be. Give positive or negative short answers:
- •14. Read and translate. Ask alternative questions using the words in brackets:
- •Special Questions
- •Tag questions
- •Grammar exercises
- •15. Fill in the blanks. Translate into Russian:
- •17. Translate into English:
- •The Participle I
- •Grammar exercises
- •18. Form the Participle I from the following verbs. Translate into Russian:
- •19. Translate the participles into English:
- •20. Translate these sentences into Russian, pay special attention to the use of Participle I:
- •The Present Continuous Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •21. Put the verbs into the correct form of the Present Continuous Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •22. Read, translate and give positive or negative short answers:
- •Working on the text
- •23. Read and translate the text. Find in it all the verbs in the form of the Present Continuous Tense: global environmental issues
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •24. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •25. Read the above text once more. Work in pairs, ask each other questions using the words and word combinations below:
- •26. Translate into English using the form of the Present Continuous Tense. Pay attention to the usage of articles:
- •The Present Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Write the third person singular of the following verbs:
- •2. Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the form of the Present Indefinite Tense. Then make them negative and interrogative. Some of the verbs can be used several times:
- •3. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the correct forms of the Present Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •4. Read and translate. Put questions to the words in bold:
- •5. Read and translate. Match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Word building
- •Working on the text
- •About myself
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •12. Find in columns b, c, d the English equivalents for the Russian words from column a:
- •13. Choose the right variant according to the text:
- •14. Find in the text equivalents to the following phrases:
- •15. Answer the questions:
- •Unit 3 grammar: The Demonstrative Pronouns
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Put the personal or possessive pronouns. Translate the sentences:
- •2. Fill in the blanks with the possessive pronouns:
- •3. Choose the correct variant to complete the sentences. Translate into Russian:
- •4. Complete the sentences:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •The Possessive Case
- •Grammar exercises
- •6. Read and translate:
- •7. Complete the sentences, use –‘s or of. Translate the sentences:
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using the Possessive Case:
- •The verb to have (got)
- •I have We have
- •Grammar exercises
- •9. Put the verb to have (got) in the correct form and translate into Russian:
- •10. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Word building
- •11. Translate the following derivative words:
- •12. Form the words using suffixes -ship, -hood, -ive, -ful / less:
- •Numerals
- •Working on the text
- •13. Read and translate the text. Pay attention to the usage of only the Present Simple Tense in the whole text: the youth of igor V. Kurchatov
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •14. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •15. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •16. Translate the sentences into English using the active vocabulary from the text about Igor V. Kurchatov:
- •17. Retell the text “The great son of Russia: Igor V. Kurchatov”. Try to use the expressions given below:
- •Working on the text
- •18. Read and translate the text “Moscow” to learn about the main city of Russia: moscow
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •19. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •20. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •21. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions to the text using words and word combinations below:
- •22. Translate into English:
- •23. Before listening to the dialogue “Where’s my luggage” find Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •24. Listen to the dialogue “Where’s my luggage?”
- •25. Correct the false statements according to the dialogue:
- •26. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs where necessary:
- •Unit 4 grammar: Конструкция there is / are
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Read and translate the following sentences paying special attention to the usage of the construction there is / are:
- •2. Put in there is / there isn’t / is there? / there are / there aren’t / are there?
- •3. Put in there or it:
- •4. Translate then sentences into English:
- •The Indefinite Pronouns: some, any, every, no and their derivatives
- •Grammar exercises
- •5. Read and translate the sentences. Explain the usage of the Indefinite Pronouns:
- •6. Choose the write variant: somebody / everybody / anything / somewhere / anybody, etc. Translate into Russian:
- •7. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Propositions of movement, place, time
- •Grammar exercises
- •9. Put in the right preposition if necessary:
- •10. Read and translate two short texts. Pay attention to the usage of the prepositions in them:
- •11. Find in exercise 17 the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •12. Read the text about geysers once more (ex.17). Answer the following questions to it:
- •13. Translate into English:
- •14. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •15. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •Word building
- •16. Translate the following derivative words:
- •Working on the text
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •19. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •20. Choose among the words the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •21. Translate the following sentences into English using a dictionary:
- •28. Listen to the conversation again. What synonymic words or expressions are used in the dialogue instead of those given in italics:
- •Unit 5 grammar: The Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
- •Использование слов much / many, little / few, a little / a few
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Give the comparative and superlative degrees:
- •2. Choose the write variant. Translate the sentences:
- •4. Insert the appropriate form of the adjectives given in brackets: positive, comparative or superlative. Translate the sentences:
- •5. Choose the right word. Explain the usage of the words.
- •6. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the usage of the degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs. Answer the following questions:
- •7. Translate into Russian:
- •The Present Indefinite and the Present Continuous Tenses (Revision)
- •8. Put the verb to be and the verb to do into the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •9. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous:
- •10. Use the words in brackets to write sentences. All the sentences are future. Use the Present Continuous or the Present Indefinite:
- •11. Which variant is correct? Complete the sentences. Translate into Russian:
- •12. A) Read and translate the following text, think of a suitable title of it. Discuss with your partner the following questions:
- •13. Translate into English:
- •Конструкция “to be going to”
- •Grammar exercises
- •15. Translate the sentences. Ask questions to the words in bold:
- •16. Translate into English:
- •17. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •18. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •Word building
- •19. Translate the following derivative words:
- •20. Guess the meaning of the following words:
- •Working on the text
- •21. Read and translate the text. Divide it into logical parts and give the names to each of them: the united states of america of today
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •22. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •23. Complete the following sentences according to the text:
- •24. Work in pairs and decide whether these statements are true or false:
- •25. Answer the following questions:
- •26. Retell the text “The United States of America”.
- •28. Listen to the dialogue “At the hotel”. Be ready to answer the following questions:
- •29. What is the difference between:
- •The main forms of the verbs
- •The Past Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Give the past form of the verbs, arrange them according to the pronunciation of the endings:
- •2. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •3. Put in there was / there wasn’t / was there? / there weren’t / were there?:
- •4. Open the brackets, use the Present Indefinite Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate into Russian.
- •5. Read and translate the text about scientists’ observations of the origin of thunderstorm.
- •6. ‘Jigsaw reading’. Put the sections of this story into the correct order. Read, translate and give its short summary:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •Grammar exercises
- •8. Read, translate and explain the usage of the word other and its derivatives:
- •9. Choose the correct variant:
- •The Past Participle (Participle II)
- •Grammar exercises
- •10. Write three principal forms of the following verbs:
- •11. Translate into Russian:
- •12. Translate the following text. Chose the correct variant given below: the Participle I or the Participle II:
- •13. Translate the phrases into English:
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •14. Read and translate. Pay attention to the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense. Write the first two principal forms of these verbs:
- •15. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. Use the Present Perfect Tense. Translate into Russian:
- •16. Speak on computer technology, the work of computer software engineers and computer hardware engineers, and the Internet (use 5-6 sentences). Working on the text
- •17. Read and translate the text. Copy out the sentences with the verb to have and define its form:
- •Virtual reality
- •18. Write for or since. Translate into Russian:
- •19. Put the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •20. Translate into English:
- •21. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Working on the text
- •28. Read and translate the text to learn about the origin of science: origin of science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •30. Match each word in a with the Russian equivalent in b:
- •31. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones:
- •32. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •33. Answer the following questions:
- •34. Complete the following sentences:
- •The Future Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Fill in the blanks. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Future Indefinite Tense or the Present Indefinite Tense. Translate into Russian:
- •3. Read and translate the text: The greenhouse effect
- •4. Speak on the greenhouse effect.
- •5. Translate into English:
- •The Modal Verbs and their equivalents
- •Grammar exercises
- •6. Read, translate and pay attention to the usage of modal verb can and its equivalent:
- •7. Fill in the appropriate forms of can / be able to:
- •8. Read and translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb may and its equivalent:
- •9. Read and translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb must and its equivalent. Ask questions to the words in bold (one question in one sentence):
- •10. Read and translate. Which sentences express suggestion? Which sentences express strong obligation?
- •11. Choose the correct translation of the following sentences:
- •12. Choose the right modal verb or its equivalent:
- •13. Translate the sentences, make them negative and interrogative:
- •14. Fill the gaps, using modal verbs must, should, need, have to, be to, may, can. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the correct form:
- •16. Translate the sentences into English:
- •17. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •18. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •Word building
- •19. Translate the following derivative words:
- •20. Form the words using suffixes:
- •21. Form nouns using suffixes –ment, -tion, -ion, -ation. Translate the following derivative words:
- •22. Form nouns using suffix –cy from the following adjectives. Translate the following derivative words:
- •24. Define to what parts of speech the following words belong, translate them:
- •Working on the text
- •25. Read and translate the text. There are three logical parts in it. Match the titles to these parts:
- •Galileo – father of the modern science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •26. Find in the text equivalents to the following phrases:
- •27. Choose among the words in brackets the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •28. Read the text once again. Make up questions to which the following words and word combinations are the answers:
- •29. Translate the sentences into English:
- •30. Retell the text “Galileo – Father of the Modern Science”.
- •31. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Working on the text
- •32. Read and translate the text “Emergence of Science”. Find in it answers to the given questions: emergence of science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •33. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •34. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •35. Match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences:
- •37. Translate into Russian:
- •38. Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •39. Listen to the dialogue “Shopping”.
- •40. Decide which of the following statements are true and which are false. Correct the false ones.
- •Unit 8 grammar: The Past Continuous Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Continuous Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •2. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Continuous Tense or the Past Simple Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •New worlds: micro and macro
- •5. Match the names from the column a with the words and word combinations from the column b. Then make up sentences:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Revision exercises
- •7. Translate the sentences, paying special attention to the usage of tenses. Put all kinds of questions to the content of the exercise:
- •8. Read and translate the following passages:
- •9. Are the following statements true or false?
- •10. Fill in the gaps with the verbs from the box in the correct tense. Some verbs are used several times:
- •11. Read and translate. Explain the origin of tides to your classmates:
- •12. Translate the sentences into English:
- •13. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •14. Translate the following derivative words:
- •15. Form the words using suffixes -ance / -ence, -ness, -al:
- •16. Define to what parts of speech the following words belong:
- •17. Translate the following words with prefixes into Russian:
- •18. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •19. Read and match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •Working on the text
- •20. Read and translate the text “Electricity – Magic of Science”. Then entitle each paragraph of the text: electricity – magic of science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •21. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •22. Read the text again and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •23. Choose among the words in brackets the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •24. Complete the sentences according to the text.
- •25. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions to the text using words and word combinations below:
- •26. Retell the text ‘Electricity – Magic of Science’.
33. Answer the following questions:
1. From what sources do we learn that the Babylonian and Sumerian civilizations had rather more than rudimentary grasp of medicine, astronomy and applied mathematics, not to mention engineering?
2. What do we call scientific revolution?
3. When did Greek thinkers begin to search for the underlying principle of the world?
4. What does the word atom mean?
5. When did scientists recognize the word “atom”?
6. What we read in the works of the pre-Socratic philosophers is a recognizable science, isn’t it?
7. In what scientific accounts have established churches been eager to detect the odor of heresy?
8. How does the scientific method produce results, which are testable, verifiable, and falsifiable?
9. What areas don’t produce the same results as the science does?
34. Complete the following sentences:
1. Greek thinkers began to search for the underlying principle which would form the basis of a more satisfactory explanation because … .
2. Pre-Socratic philosophers searched for … .
4. The terra cognita of recognizable science began with … .
5.The practitioners of science have often come into conflict with organized religion and generally come off worst because … .
6. Those societies flourished that … .
35. Retell the text “Origin of Science”.
36. Listen to the dialogue “Dining out”.
37. Answer the following questions.
1. What is the name of the restaurant?
2. What time Mr. Stevens is going to the restaurant?
3. How many people is the table booked for?
4. What specials are on the menu?
5. How does Ewa like her steak?
6. Do they serve bottled beer in the restaurant?
7. What did Ewa have for dessert?
8. What kind of coffee did Martin have?
38. Write down which of these statements are true and which are false. Correct the false ones.
1. Martin came to the Palace Restaurant with his family.
2. Martin would like to make dinner reservation for eight-thirty.
3. Martin’s number is 876-7152.
4. One of the specials on the menu that evening was a lovely pepper steak served with beans and potatoes.
5. Ewa had her steak well done.
6. Ewa had beans with her steak.
7. They had ice cream for dessert.
UNIT 7
GRAMMAR:
The Future Indefinite Tense
Будущее неопределенное время (the Future Indefinite Tense) употребляется:
1. Для выражения однократного или повторяющегося действия или ряда последовательных действий в будущем: Next year they will finish school. В следующем году они закончат школу.
2. Когда решение что-либо сделать принято в момент разговора: I'm tired. I will take a taxi. Я устал. Я возьму такси.
3. Для выражения обещания или просьбы что-либо сделать: I’ll (will) call you as soon as I arrive. Я позвоню тебе, как только приеду. Will you shut the window, please. Пожалуйста, закройте окно.
4. Для выражения мнения относительно действий в будущем: I think he’ll (will) arrive tonight. Думаю, он приедет сегодня вечером.
5. Глагол shall используется в вопросах, когда спрашиваем разрешения, указания, совета: Shall I open the window? Мне открыть окно? What shall we do this evening? Что мы будем делать вечером?
На будущее время в предложении могут указывать обстоятельства времени: tomorrow завтра, next week на следующей неделе, next year в следующем году, in a week через неделю, in a few days через несколько дней, one of these days на днях и т.д. Например: One of these days we shall go to the country. На днях мы поедем за город.
NB!!! Следует запомнить, что Future Indefinite Tense не употребляется в придаточных предложениях времени и условия после следующих союзов: when когда, before до того как, after после того как, as soon as как только, until пока (не), if если, unless если не и др. В этих предложениях будущее действие выражается глаголами в Present Indefinite Tense: When I come to the country, I shall go skiing. Когда я приеду за город, я пойду кататься на лыжах.
Однако не следует путать придаточные предложения времени и условия (которые отвечают на вопрос when? когда? on what condition? при каком условии?) с придаточными дополнительными предложениями, отвечающими на вопрос what? что? и в которых будущее действие выражается глаголами в Future Indefinite Tense: Tell me when he will come. Скажи мне (что?), когда он придет.
Образование the Future Indefinite Tense
The Future Indefinite Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола shall для 1-го лица единственного и множественного числа и will для всех остальных лиц и инфинитива без частицы to смыслового глагола.
positive |
negative |
interrogative |
I /we shall come tomorrow. You (he/she/it/they) will come tomorrow. |
I /we shall not come tomorrow. You (he/she/it/they) will not come tomorrow. |
Shall I /we come tomorrow? Will you (he/she/it/they) come tomorrow? |
Примеры образования кратких ответов:
Shall we come tomorrow? Yes, we shall. No, we shall not (shan’t).
Will he come tomorrow? Yes, he will. No, he will not (won’t).
Примечание. В современном английском языке вспомогательный глагол will употребляется со всеми местоимениями. Сокращенная форма используется в разговорной речи.