V. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.

1) by means of heating, cooling or freezing	a) представить новую концепцию
2) to discover regularities in the properties of elements	b) претерпевать видоизменения
3) to form compounds	c) определение состава соединения
4) to undergo transformations	d) принимать форму сосуда
5) to introduce a new concept	e) иметь дело с условиями
6) to take the shape of a container	f) посредством нагревания, охлаждения или замораживания
7) determination of the composition of a compound	g) перейти из одного состояния в другое
8) to transform from one state to another	h) обнаружить периодичность свойств элементов
9) to deal with conditions	i) образовывать соединения

VI. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.

behaviour, changes, containers, is associated, matter, properties, to unite

1. The origin of chemistry is connected with the manufacture of bronze, iron, ceramics and glass.

2. Chemical transformations are usually accompanied by the liberation or absorption of energy.

3. Chemistry deals with the composition and properties of a substance.

4. Most of the elements are able to combine with other elements and form compounds.

5. Gases take the volume and the shape of their vessels.

6. Every substance has physical and chemical qualities.

7. Chemical properties of a substance are determined by its activity with other materials.

VII. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box.

container discovered composition development analysis

concept mixtures liquids melting

1. A. Lavoisier introduced the … of the chemical elements.

2. D. I. Mendeleyev … regularities in the properties of elements.

3. Many great scientists devoted their lives to the … of chemistry.

4. A chemical change involves changes in … and properties of matter.

5. All forms of matter consist of either pure substances or … of two or more pure substances.

6. … is the determination of the composition of a compound.

7. … have a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of the … they are in.

8. The process of transforming solid into liquid is called … .

VIII. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.

17: into (1) under (1) by (1) from (2) in (3) of (6) to (2) with (1)

1. The origin of chemistry goes back … ancient times.

2. In the 17^th century modern chemistry began … the work of Robert Boyle.

3. A chemical change involves changes … composition and properties … matter.

4. The formation … a compound … simpler substances is known as synthesis.

5. Matter exists … three states: the solid, the liquid and the gaseous state.

6. The process … breaking down a compound … simpler substances or its elements is called analysis.

7. A matter usually can be transformed … one state … another … the changes … its temperature.

8. Chemical changes are usually accompanied … the liberation or absorption … energy … the form … light, heat or electricity.