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2. Give English equivalents.

к 46 годам; приводить к чему-либо; обеспечить взаимодействие; равняться чему-либо; выполнять задание; отвечать за что-либо; с верха до низа; людям требуется время; чтобы что-то сделать; зависеть от гармонии.

3. Give Russian equivalents.

became a focal point for consideration; entire career; call for; guidelines for management; on the part; take precedence over smth; to conceive and execute a plan.

4. Match the words which are close in their meaning.

1. objective

a. attain

2. work

b. famous

3. express

c. labour

4. grow

d. increase

5. well-known

e. goal

5. Match the words having the opposite meaning.

1. important

a. nothing

2. before

b. unimportant

3. interest

c. laziness

4. famous

d. inflexible

5. effective

e. unknown

6. flexible

f. subordinate

7. diligence

g. after

8. everything

h. indifference

9. primary

i. inefficient

6. Match the words to make a word combination.

1. administrative

a. concern

2. focal

b. program

3. operating

c. management

4. predetermined

d. efficiency

5. overall

e. objectives

6. primary

f. point

7. decision

g. [making

7. Complete the sentences by translating the words and word combinations in brackets. Mind the tense forms of the verbs.

  1. As the factory system (появилась), more attention was directed toward increasing output.

  2. Management should divide work (ответственность) between management and workers.

  3. Political economy (имеет дело с) the economic laws of (общественный) development.

  4. Discipline requires (послушание, прилежание).

  5. Morale (зависит) on harmony and unity of the organization’s staff.

  6. What (побуждает) the worker?

  7. Henry Fayol (изложил) a series of administrative principles.

  8. Organizations tend to confine too much (принятие решений) to the upper levels.

  9. (Цель) is to help managers and (служащие) both understand and cope with changes.

  10. Frederick Taylor made (вклад) to the scientific management (движение).

8. Insert prepositions.

  1. As the factory system appeared, more attention was directed … increasing output.

  2. The early scientific managers had great success … the lower levels … organizations.

  3. Planning called … the formulation of objective and an operating program.

  4. H.Fayol set … a series of administrative principles.

  5. Efficiency can be increased … work specialization.

  6. There should be a clear-cut chain of command running … the top … the organization … the bottom.

  7. … the age … 46 he was the president … the organization and remained so … 30 years.

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