Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации

Южно-Уральский государственный университет

Кафедра английского языка

Ш143.21-9

В689

Волченкова К.Н., Бороненко Г.Ф., Батурина П.Н.

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Вводно-коррективный курс

Челябинск

Издательский центр ЮУрГУ

2010

ББК Ш 143.21-923

В689

Одобрено

учебно-методической комиссией факультета лингвистики

Рецензенты:

Брюховская Л.Г., Федотова М.Г.

	В689 Волченкова, К.Н. Английский язык: Вводно-коррективный курс для студентов приборостроительного факультета / К.Н. Волченкова, Г.Ф.Бороненко, П.Н. Батурина. – Челябинск: Издательский центр ЮУрГУ, 2010. – 92 с. Вводно-коррективный курс предназначается студентам 1 курса. Целью пособия является повторение базовых знаний английской грамматики и лексики, развитие умений устной речи и навыков чтения. Пособие состоит из серии уроков (модулей), организованных по тематическому признаку, каждый из которых представляет собой систему заданий, направленных на тренировку фонетических, грамматических и лексических навыков, а также ряд коммуникативных заданий на развитие навыков устной речи. Тематика текстов: учеба в университете, высшее образование в России и за рубежом, мой университет, моя специальность. К каждому тексту разработан ряд заданий, целью которых является совершенствование навыков и умений в изучающем, ознакомительном и просмотровом чтении. Также разработан ряд заданий нацеленных на развитие коммуникативных умений. Пособие содержит грамматические таблицы. Пособие предназначается для практической работы в аудитории под руководством преподавателя. ББК Ш 143.21-923

© Издательский центр ЮУрГУ, 2010

Contents

Lesson 1. Succeeding in University.…………………………………… 4

Lesson 2. Russian system of Higher Education.………………………. 18

Lesson 3. Higher Education in the UK……………………………….. 30

Lesson 4. Higher Education in the USA……………………………… 41

Lesson 5. Value of Higher Education………………………………… 52

Lesson 6. South Ural State University………………………………… 60

Lesson 7. My Future Specialty…………………………………………70

Grammar Tables.………………………………………………………. 80

References ………………………………………………………………92

Lesson 1. Succeeding in University

Task 1. Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

What should a student have in mind to succeed in university?

Task 2. Active Vocabulary

Listen and pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. “major” subject – основной предмет

2. deadline, n – крайний срок

3. foreign student – студент-иностранец

4. good career foundation – хорошая основа для создания карьеры

5. requirement, n – требование

6. source for information – источник информации

7. term paper – курсовая работа

8. advisor, n – консультант

9. employment situation – ситуация на рынке труда

10. experienced student – студент старшекурсник

11. concentration, n – сосредоточенность

12. confidence, n – уверенность

13. natural talent – природный дар

14. self-discipline, n – самодисциплина

15. self-organization, n – самоорганизация

16. strong motivation – высокая мотивация

17. to communicate with, v – общаться с

18. to consider, v – рассматривать

19. to generate loyalty – лояльно относиться

20. to hand in, n – сдавать

21. to have personality problems – иметь личные проблемы

22. to pay attention to, v – обращать внимание на

23. to pay the fee – платить за обучение

24. to prepare for (examinations) – готовиться к экзаменам

25. to respect the Rules – уважать правила

26. to succeed in, v – преуспевать в чем-либо

27. tremendous, a – огромный

Task 3

Match the words to make job titles

University tutor

Personal teacher

Driving trainer

Volleyball instructor

Private lecturer

Primary school coach

Task 4

The following data shows how a group of British students responded to the question: “What are the most important factors for success in a university?”

natural talent 4%

concentration 5%

high IQ 9%

confidence 14%

being organized 17%

being disciplined 22%

motivation 29%

Do you agree with the results of the survey?

Use the following phrases to express your agreement or disagreement:

Agreement	Disagreement
I quite agree with the survey. Я вполне согласен с опросом. I agree with the survey in principle. В принципе я согласен с опросом. I agree with the survey in a sense. Я согласен с опросом в некотором смысле. I agree with the survey whole–heartedly. Я всей душой согласен с опросом.	I’m afraid I have to disagree with the survey. К сожалению, мне придется не согласиться с опросом. I couldn’t disagree more with it. Никак не могу согласиться с этим. With all respect, I disagree. При всем уважении к вам я не согласен. I disagree with the survey on every point. Я не согласен с опросом по всем пунктам.

Example:

I agree with the survey whole-heartedly. Motivation is the most important factor of success as it is very difficult to teach a student if he doesn’t want to study.

or

With all respect to the data of the survey I disagree. I think that to succeed in a university a student, first of all, must have natural talent and self-discipline.

Task 5

Look again at the factors enumerated in Task 2 and choose those you think you have: natural talent, concentration, high IQ, confidence, self-organization, self-discipline, strong motivation

Task 6

Can you give a clear answer to the question: “Why did I enter the university?”

Look at the typical answers the students usually give and agree or disagree with them

1. I entered the university because my parents want me to have a higher education.

2. To enter the university was my decision. I want to get a higher education to get a well-paid job.

3. Entering the university is a very good alternative to serving in the army.

4. I entered the university as I feel the inner desire to improve myself through study, to realize my talents and to enlarge my knowledge about the world I live in.

5. I entered the university, as I understand that nowadays it is impossible to make a career without higher education.

6. I entered the university because I want to become a scientist and devote my life to pure science.

7. I entered the university to acquire some practical skills that will help me to find my place in the world and to create something new in the sphere of my interests.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Fill in the gaps with the forms of the verb «to be» in Simple Tenses

	Present Simple		Past Simple		Future Simple
Формы глагола to be	I We You He She It They	–– are –– is –– –– are	I We You He She It They	–– were –– –– –– –– was	I We You He She It They	shall be –– –– will be –– –– ––

Exercise 2

Fill in the gaps with the forms of the verb «to have»

	Present Simple		Past Simple		Future Simple
Формы глагола to have	I We You He She It They	–– have –– has –– –– ––	I We You He She It They	–– –– had –– –– –– ––	I We You He She It They	–– –– –– –– –– –– ––

Exercise 3

Insert the right form of the verb «to be»

1. She ____ a teacher.

2. Peter and Tom ____ absent today.

3. I ___ a primary school teacher.

4. The weather _____very cold yesterday.

5. I ____ an engineer in five years.

6. What film _____ on in the cinema today?

7. My brothers ____ drivers.

8. Our teacher ____ from Great Britain.

9. Ann ___ 18 years old two years ago.

10. Where ___ you last Monday?

11. She _____ a student if she studies hard at school.

Exercise 4

Insert the right form of the verb «to have»

1. He ____ enough confidence to enter the university.

2. My mother ____ a well–paid job.

3. We ____ two lectures every day.

4. They _____ a tutorial last Wednesday.

5. Most of my classmates _____ higher education in five years.

6. Our grandmother _____ a house in the country.

7. She _____ a car next year.

8. We _____ laboratory classes yesterday.

9. Pete ____ a diploma of a Specialist in Engineering.

10. They ____ a lot of work to do.

Exercise 5

Open the brackets and put the appropriate form of the verbs «to be» and «to have»

1. Ann (to have) three exams to pass last term.

2. Don’t pay attention to his rudeness he (to have) some personality problems and can’t hold himself together.

3. Peter (to have) enough confidence in his abilities to enter the university.

4. Who has told you the results of the entrance exams? – I (to have) some reliable sources of information.

5. Everybody (to have) his own personality traits and he must choose the course of study that corresponds his abilities.

6. I can’t communicate with her. She (to be) such an arrogant person.

7. We (to be) very good at studying foreign languages.

8. What (to be) your college major?

9. Ron (to be) an experienced student. It (to be) his third year of studying at the university.

10. The right choice of the college major (to be) a good career foundation.

Exercise 6

Put the words given below into the right order to make up a sentence

1. Natural, is, talent, the, of, factor, critical, success.

2. In, universities, higher, Western, all, the, is, free, not, education.

3. A, pays, foreign, about, student, for, higher, education, 25, dollars, thousand, every year.

4. Do, college, you, know, the rules, this, has?

5. Motivation, role, process, an important, plays, into, the educational.

6. A, teacher, among, good, loyalty, the students, generates.

7. She, the survey, does, agree, with, not.

Exercise 7

Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple Tense. Remember that some of them are irregular

Last year I _____ (to spend) my holidays in Great Britain. It ____ (to be) a wonderful time! I ____ (to meet) quite a number of new people and many of them ______ (to become) my friends. I ______ (to have) the opportunity to visit famous museums and art galleries such as British museum and National gallery. We ______ (to see) the glorious Buckingham Palace, _______ (to make) photos of the world–known Big Ben, _______ (to eat) fish and chips in an English pub, _______ (to listen) to the story of the Tour of London, _____ (to see) a film in one of London cinemas.

But England is famous not only for its historical places. It is a picturesque country. Our English friends _____ (to show) us another England – the England of parks, gardens and moors with wild ponies. This ____ (to be) the most exciting and unforgettable trip in my life. I ____ (to fall) in love with the country and since my coming back I dream to visit it again.

Exercise 8

Open the brackets and put the verbs into one of the Simple Tenses

1. Dick (to enter) Oxford university in 2003. Now he is a sophomore student.

2. After every three months of study we (hand in) our term papers.

3. Susan (not to know) what exams she has to pass this term.

4. A university lecturer in Western universities (to deliver) 3 or 4 lectures a week.

5. Usually people (to consider) the employment situation before choosing their future careers.

6. Leading universities (to do) everything possible to provide their students with all the necessary facilities.

7. Nick (not to like) to prepare for examinations.

8. I (to chose) my major next year. Now I am not ready to make a choice.

9. There is no free education in Western Europe but they (to have) a developed system of grants and loans.

10. Last year three students of the university were expelled because they (no to respect) the Rules.

Exercise 9

Put the verb in brackets into the right form of Present Progressive

Example: – What are you doing this weekend? – I am staying at home.

1. What are you doing here? – I _____ (wait) for a lecturer. I want to ask some questions.

2. Listen! Someone ____ (knock) at the door.

3. Don’t go into the classroom. The students _____ (write) a dictation there at the moment.

4. The man who _____ (smoke) a cigarette is our English teacher.

5. Listen! The telephone ____ (ring).

6. He ____ (work) hard these days.

7. She ____ (stay) with a friend in Paris at present.

8. He is such a boring man who ____ always (make) a fuss abut nothing.

9. It ____ (pour) with rain all week long.

10. I ____ (write) a letter to my parents now.

Exercise 10

Put the sentences into the interrogative form

Example: She is learning to cook now. – Is she learning to cook now?

1. He is doing the exercise now.

2. Ann is translating the text now.

3. Phil is travelling round the Europe now.

4. I was studying at the university at this time yesterday.

5. The Browns will be visiting their relatives on Sunday.

6. They were staying with some friends in London last week.

7. I was putting in weight when I was eating many sweets.

8. She is working in London this week

9. The child was crying bitterly when he fell on the ground.

10. The guests are leaving the room.

Exercise 11

Open the brackets and put the verbs into Present Simple or Present Progressive

Example: Kate usually (read) a book in the evening but today she (cook) dinner.

Kate usually reads a book in the evening but today she is cooking dinner.

1. Tom usually (play) football but today he (play) tennis.

2. What language they ___________ (speak) in Holland?

3. The professor ____(speak) five foreign languages. Right now he _____(speak) Dutch.

4. My friend always ______(tell) me the truth, but I see that she ______(tell) a lie now.

5. I usually ________(drive) to my work. Be careful! You __________(drive) too fast.

6. She, as a rule, ____(wear) smart hats. But today she _____(wear) a funny-looking one.

7. I ______(do) a lot of work every day. Don’t worry! I know what I _______(do).

8. Every Sunday he ______(watch) birds in a forest. Be quiet, the photographer ____(watch) that bird. He (want) to take a picture.

9. You ___(eat) fruit every day? What’s the name of the fruit you ___(eat) with such pleasure?

10. She ____(adore) French perfume but I can’t understand what perfume she _____(wear) tonight.

Exercise 12

Answer the questions about the actions, which are in progress now

1. What are you doing at the moment?

2. What is your neighbour doing now?

3. Are you studying at the university?

4. Are you writing a book?

5. What were you doing at this time yesterday?

6. What will you be doing at this time tomorrow?

7. What were you doing at 5 o’clock the day before yesterday?

8. What will you be doing at 10 a.m. on Saturday?

Exercise 13

Translate from Russian into English using the Progressive Tenses

1. Чем занимается Иван? – Он проводит научное исследование.

2. Что ты делаешь? – Я пишу заявление о приеме в университет.

3. Где ты был вчера в 9 вечера? – Я был у Игоря. Мы готовились к экзамену.

4. Что ты делаешь в субботу? – Я иду на дискотеку с друзьями.

5. Ты свободен во вторник вечером? – Нет, я занят. Я буду играть в баскетбол с друзьями.

Reading

Task 1

Read and translate the text

Succeeding in College

To succeed in an American college, a student must be organized. The college will have a department with advisors who can help the student to structure the best program. It is then depends on the student to take four or more courses at once, write and hand in term papers on time, and prepare for examinations.

Pay Attention to People Differences.

Difference is the word to remember when communicating with professors and their requirements. They’ll all be different. It is important to have a good knowledge of what the individual professors are looking for, which professors are difficult to communicate with or have personality problems, which professors are well loved or generate a lot of loyalty among the students. The more experienced students can be helpful sources for this information.

Respect the Rules.

Throughout a college student’s career, he or she must pay careful attention to deadlines, university regulations and the paperwork the university bureaucracy requires. Fees should be paid on time. Lack of attention to paperwork and deadlines can cause tremendous problems, especially for foreign students.

Choose Courses with Care.

Another part of college success is the choice of a “major” subject. It should be an area the student is happy with. It is important to consider the employment situation after college, or whether or not graduate study is planned. Advance planning will give the college student a good career foundation.

Task 2

What are the main factors of success for an American student? Give the main ideas of the text

Main ideas: To succeed in an American college, a student must…

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1

Fill in the correct word from the list below

Tremendous, subject, courses, situation, term, program, loyalty, people, problems

1. ________ problems

2. to take _______

3. to structure ______

4. _____ papers

5. _____ differences

6. personality _____

7. to generate ______

8. employment ________

9. major _____

Exercise 2

Insert the right prepositions. Make up sentences with the expressions

1. to succeed ___

2. to depend ___

3. to hand ___

4. to prepare ___

5. to pay attention ___

6. to communicate ___

7. to look ___

8. ___ time

9. to generate loyalty ____

Exercise 3

Match phrases in column A with their translation in column B

A	B
сдавать курсовые работы вовремя готовиться к экзаменам общаться с профессорами лояльно относиться к студентам студенты старших курсов полезные источники информации уважать правила крайний срок сдачи чего–либо плата за обучение основной предмет, специализация	a. major subject b. to generate loyalty among the students c. fee d. experienced students e. to prepare for examinations f. to communicate with the professors g. to hand in term papers on time h. useful sources for information i. deadline j. to respect the rules

Exercise 4

Consult the dictionary to find the meaning of the following words and their derivatives. Then insert the words into the gaps

To communicate, communication, communicative, to succeed, success, successful, to confide, confidence, confident, to prepare, preparation, preparatory, to respect, respect, respectful.

To communicate, communication, communicative

1. He is a very interesting person ___________ with.

2. Computer is one of the widespread means of __________.

3. You may ask our teacher any question you are interested in. He is always ready to answer. He is very _______.

To succeed, success, successful

1. Leonardo de Caprio is a _______ actor. He starred such in films as Titanic and Romeo and Juliet.

2. This business will be a ______ if we make a set of right decisions.

3. He needs to be confident _______ in studies.

To confide, confidence, confident

1. ________ people are people who believe in their abilities and make others believe in them.

2. I trust this man and I can _____ all my secrets to him.

3. She doesn’t have enough ______ to win in the competition.

To prepare, preparation, preparatory

1. He always ______ for the classes.

2. Some ________ work should be done before we start the experiment.

3. ________ for the exams is very important for a student.

To respect, respect, respectful

1. Our teacher ______ the opinions of the students.

2. This man is a very ________ one. He treats all the people equally.

3. To deserve the ______ from your colleagues you need to be a highly qualified

specialist.

Discussion

Task 1

Discuss in groups of four. What are the factors Russian students should keep in mind to succeed in a university? Give your opinion using the following phrases

I think that… я думаю, что …..

I believe that… Я полагаю, что …..

I suppose that … Я полагаю, что …..

I have my own point of view on the subject. У меня на этот счет своя точка зрения.

As I see it ….. На мой взгляд …..

That’s the way I see it. Таково мое мнение.

Example: I think that a Russian student should keep in mind that he is responsible for the education he gets and that nobody will do things for him or instead of him. That’s the way I see it.

Task 2

Ask for the opinions of other members of your group using the following phrases.

Practise these phrases before using them in speech

What do you think about…? Что ты думаешь о…?

What’s your opinion…? Каково твое мнение о…?

What is your point of view on the problem?

Какова твоя точка зрения на проблему?

Example: – That’s the way I see the problem. And what do you think about it?

– I think that a Russian student should develop the ability to study that is to search for knowledge and not just take the ready knowledge.

Problem solving

Task 1.

These are the Rules every student should follow. Discuss in groups of four: what rules seem quite reasonable and what rules seem quite absurd? What rules are impossible to follow, especially for Russian students?

1. Rule 1 Students must respect the rules.

2. Rule 2 Students must hand in term papers on time.

3. Rule 3 Students must be always ready for the lesson.

4. Rule 4 Students must respect their professors and never argue with them.

5. Rule 5 Students must spend 4 hours a day in the library.

6. Rule 6 Students must not discuss the professor personality and style of teaching

7. otherwise they will be expelled (отчислены).

8. Rule 7 Students must express their opinion on the subject only in case they are asked to do it.

9. Rule 8 No cheating in our university!

Example: I completely agree with Rule 1. This rule seems quite reasonable. Every higher institution has a set of rules and you should follow them as entering the university you become part of the system that works in a special mode. If you break the rule it means that you interfere with the normal work of the system and create chaos.

Roleplay. University Rules

Task

Divide into groups of three. Your task is to work out the rules for the newly established university. Each of you will have a role written on the card. Read it carefully and make up a speech using the information given.

Student A

You are a student taking part in the meeting. The aim of the meeting is to establish the rules for the newly created university. Your task is to suggest some rules your professors should follow and to prove that they are very important (give your arguments). Remember you are speaking on behalf of the students, so you should protect their interests and make their life easier.

At the end of the meeting you are to write down a resolution in the form of a table.

Student B

You are a professor taking part in the meeting. The aim of the meeting is to establish the rules for the newly created university. Your task is to suggest some rules the students should follow. Remember you are a professional. You have been working for about 20 years in education and you don’t like many things in modern students (lack of responsibility, bad behavior, missed classes etc.). Suggest the rules that will help the teaching staff to give the education of high quality.

At the end of the meeting you are to write down a resolution in the form of a table.

Student C

You are the member of the administration leading the meeting. The aim of the meeting is to establish the rules for the newly created university. Your task is to listen to the rules suggested by a student and a professor, analyze them and make up a decision whether you accept them or not. You may correct the rules or suggest your own ones.

At the end of the meeting you are to write down a resolution in the form of a table.

UNIVERSITY RULES
Teachers should 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.	Students should 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Communication

Introducing yourself

When you meet someone for the first time, it is customary to introduce yourself.

Task 1

Practice some expressions used for the introduction

My name is …

I am …

My first name is…

My second name is…

Hi.

Hello.

How do you do?

Pleased to meet you.

I am from…

Task 2

Read the dialogue, practice it and reproduce it

Ann: Hello. Are you a student here?

Kate: Yes, I am.

Ann: So am I. My name is Ann Duglas.

Kate: How do you do? I am Kate Frank.

Ann: I am pleased to meet you. Is Frank your first name or your last

name?

Kate: My last name.

Ann: Ann is my first name. Please call me Ann.

Kate: Okay, Ann and please call me Kate.

Ann: Okay, Kate. I am from New York and where are you from?

Kate: I am from Manchester.

Task 3

Turn to your partner and make up a similar dialogue

Introducing someone

When you want to introduce someone to someone it is customary to use some expressions

Task 4

Practice some expressions used to introduce someone:

I’d like to introduce…

I’d like you to meet…

Can I introduce you to…

Task 5

Get information about your partner. Here are some questions for you to use

1. What’s your name?

2. Where are you from?

3. Do you work?

4. If not, what do you do?

5. Are you married?

6. What is your native language?

7. Do you have a hobby?

8. What are the three things you like and three things you don’t like?

Task 6

Introduce your partner to the groupmates and tell them about him/her.

Homework

Task 1

Give the English equivalents to these job titles?

Преподаватель университета, инструктор по вождению, тренер по волейболу, личный тренер, репетитор, учитель начальной школы.

Task 2

Translate these sentences using job titles from Task 1 and word expressions given below

To work as a … , to give private lessons, to have, to be

1. Он работает преподавателем университета.

2. Чем ты занимаешься? Я даю частные уроки. Я – репетитор.

3. Хелен работает инструктором по вождению.

4. Я – тренер по волейболу.

5. Моя мама – учитель начальной школы.

6. У моего брата есть личный тренер по теннису.

Task 3

Make up sentences using these groups of phrases in one sentence

Example: Natural talent, confidence, to succeed in.

He succeeds in college because of his natural talent and confidence in his abilities.

1. to depend on, motivation, high IQ

2. advisor, the best program, to structure

3. to pay attention to, every university, to have, the Rules

4. to prepare for, professors, to be different

5. to hand in, deadline, term papers

6. to communicate with, experienced students, information

7. to generate, professors, loyalty

8. employment situation, to consider, before entering

9. college, to have, a graduate program

Task 4

Read the text written by Steven C. Hayes (University of Nevada) and summarize its main ideas

Rules of Success: A Message for Students

Rule 1 Talk and Write – A Lot

Science is a largely verbal enterprise. Successful scientists must speak, write, persuade, and debate. The only way to become skilled at professional verbal behavior is to engage in it. Talk in class. Talk at conventions. Talk in the halls. Listen and respond. Propose and consider. Argue. Share thoughts. If you think you have something to say, say it. If you wonder if you have sometime to say, and worry that it is not worthwhile, say it anyway.

Rule 2 Say “Yes” Easily and Mean It

Early in your study you should expose yourself to different things. You need to take part in many activities. When someone talks about a good project, say “let’s do it.” If someone asks for help with a project, say “yes.” Then deliver. Do more than is expected.

Rule 3 Work with Others and Share Easily

You can learn a lot from others. They help you push you and they teach you new things. So collaborate. Form teams. Network. Give more than you ask to receive.

Rule 4 Keep Your Word

This is the most important rule of all. This one rule separates the successful from the unsuccessful student more than any other, but its value cannot be known until you do it. Set up a program, make it life or death. Do it. Of course, no one always does it. OK, so when you slip, go back and do it 100%. Then when you slip, go back and do it 100%. I violate this one nearly every day. Yet I continue to fight like a tiger to keep it.

Rule 5 Realize Your Own Power and Behave Accordingly

Let me tell you something incredible: you can make a huge difference in your discipline. We are talking about fields that are young and accessible, in which even one person can make a big difference. The successful student will realize their own power, and will push on to make it manifest.

Rule 6 Follow Your Talent

Successful students are confident. I don’t mean they necessarily feel confident. I mean that they follow their talent. They are true to themselves. Be true to yourself. Do not, however, violate what seems important to you. You will pay very dearly for the violation because it will take away your compass for scientific entertainment. You can get lost without a compass.

Task 5

Enumerate the rules given by paraphrasing them

Example: Rule 1. A student should constantly express his ideas verbally no matter whether he is sure or not about the things he has in mind as any idea can give great opportunities for discussion. The articulation of ideas helps the student to express himself and to enrich his way of thinking by the opinions of others.

Task 6

Using the material of the lesson express your opinion on one of the following themes

1. Critical factors of success in university.

2. The Rules everybody should follow while studying at the university.

3. The Rules every professor should follow while teaching at the university.

Smile with us

Farther: You know, son when Lincoln was your age he was a very good pupil. In fact he was the best pupil in class.

Tom: Yes, Dad, I know that. But when he was your age he was President of the United States.

Lesson 2. Russian System of Higher Education

Task 1.

Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

What makes many people think that Russian system

of Higher education is the best one?

Task 2.

Active Vocabulary

Listen and pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. a competitive system – конкурентоспособная система

2. a multilevel system – многоуровневая система

3. an academic degree – ученая степень

4. an application – заявление (о приеме в вуз)

5. branches of sciences – области наук

6. a competition – конкурс

7. a curricular – программа (обучения)

8. an educational system – система образования

9. entrance exams – вступительные экзамены

10. final state examinations – государственные экзамены (выпускные)

11. further education – дальнейшее образование

12. a graduation paper – дипломная работа

13. higher education – высшее образование

14. humanities – гуманитарные науки

15. natural sciences – естественные науки

16. part-time students – студенты–вечерники

17. postgraduate education – обучение в аспирантуре

18. qualifying degree – квалификационная степень

19. scientific research – научное исследование

20. secondary education – среднее образование

21. to be admitted to – быть допущенным к

22. to give the possibility – представлять возможность

23. to grant a degree – выдавать диплом

24. to pass – сдавать

25. to provide access to – обеспечить доступ к

26. to provide mobility – обеспечивать мобильность

27. vocational education – профессиональное образование

Task 3

Give the Russian equivalents to the English phrases

1. higher education

2. scientific research

3. entrance exams

4. graduation paper

5. academic degree

6. curricular

7. competition

8. an application

9. access

10. secondary education

Lead–in

Task 1

Here is the structure of Russian educational system. Will you give the English equivalents to the stages mentioned?

Example: Система образования – System of education

1. Среднее образование

2. Профессиональное образование

3. Высшее профессиональное образование

4. Аспирантура

5. Дальнейшее образование.

Task 2

Using your background knowledge about the system of higher education in Russia agree or disagree with the following statements. You may use the phrases given to prove your point of view: to be a competitive system, to provide high academic standards, to pay the fee, good results in the Unified State Exams, highly–qualified specialists.

1. Russian educational system is the best in the world.

2. One of the main advantages of Russian educational system is that it is free.

3. A typical Russian university has all the necessary facilities for studying.

4. Any school leaver can become a student of a university.

Task 3

Try to develop the idea given. Agree or disagree. Give your arguments

“Education is the most powerful weapon, which you can use to change the world.”

Nelson Mandela

Reading

Task 1

Read the text and express in your own words the main idea of the text

Higher Education in Russia

Russia’s higher educational system started with the foundation of the State Moscow University founded in the middle of the 18th century. The getting of higher education was and still is very prestigious.

Students with secondary education can be admitted to higher educational institutions. In previous years school leavers had to take both secondary schools leaving examinations and higher education entrance tests. In 2004 a choice is given to the school leavers after the Unified State Exam was introduced. Many but not all faculties of the universities admit applicants on the basis of the results of the three USE chosen by the applicants. On average, competition to enter state university now is 187 applications for 100 places.

One of the great attractions of education in Russia is the cost. Degree study tuition is from $2000 to $8000 per year, with other costs (room, books, etc.) ranging from $1500 to $5000 per year, depending on location and spending habits.

The types of the educational institutions in the Russian Federation are:

• University: a higher educational institution with activities aimed at developing education, science, and culture by performing fundamental scientific research and training at all the levels of higher, postgraduate, and further education within a wide range of Natural Sciences, Humanities, and other branches of sciences, technology, and culture.

• Academy: a higher educational institution with activities aimed at developing education, science, and culture mainly in one specific area of science, technology, and culture.

• Institute: an independent higher educational institution, which applies vocational education curricula in specific areas of science, technology, and culture.

Russian higher educational institutions can grant the following types of degrees and diplomas:

Intermediate Diploma; Bachelor’s degree; Diploma of Specialist; Master’s degree.

The function of the degree of Intermediate Higher Education granted after no less than two years of training is to certify that a student has successfully completed the first two years of the fundamental higher education, which is considered to be a basis of the chosen field of training. Besides, this degree provides mobility between various higher educational institutions.

The Bachelor’s degree is awarded after at least four years of training. It covers almost all fields of knowledge, except medical science. Final state certification procedure includes the presentation of the graduation paper.

Degree of a Specialist is awarded after 5–6 years of studies. The degree of a Specialist has a double function. It provides access to occupational activities and also gives the possibility to enter postgraduate courses (doctoral programs). Final state certification includes presentation of the graduation paper. Besides, in the majority of cases students have to pass final state examinations.

Task 2

Use the information in the text to find answers to the following questions

1. Who can be admitted to a higher educational institution?

2. What are the types of educational institutions in Russia?

3. What is a USE?

4. What types of degrees can Russian higher education institutions grant?

5. What are the functions of an Intermediate Diploma?

6. What does the final state certification procedure include?

Task 3

Finish the sentences using the information from the text

1. To enter university a student with secondary education have to _________

2. The types of higher institutions in Russia are___________

3. After 6 years of training a student gets _________

4. A traditional Russian final qualifying degree is that of a _______

5. The function of the Intermediate Higher Education degree is to provide_____

6. Final state certification includes_______

Task 4

Look at the scheme of giving а summary to the text and enumerate the 4 main

elements of the summary

1. Give the title of the text summarized.

The title of the text is….

2. Begin the summary with one of the introductory general phrases:

The text deals with… (speaks about, say that, present, points out, describes, is devoted to, gives some comments on, offers an overview)

3. The main body must not be more than six plain statements generalizing the main ideas of the text in a logical sequence.

4. Conclude the abstract with your personal opinion of both the content and the language used, using given phrases:

The text is informative….; The text is dry, dull and boring…; The reading of the text gives (does not give) some satisfaction and pleasure…

The information is up-to-date (out-of-date)…

The text is (not) worth reading and abstracting….

There are practically no unknown words….

Task 5

Look at the example summary and say what element among the enumerated ones

does it lack? Give your own variant of the summary.

Summary

The title of the text is “Higher Education in Russia “.

The text offers an overview of the Russian educational system.

There are different types of higher educational institutions in Russia. They are universities, academies and institutes. Each educational institution has its peculiarities. They can grant the following types of degrees and diplomas. Intermediate Diploma: to get such a diploma at least 2 years of training is needed. Bachelor’s degree requires not less than 4 years of training and you need 5 or 6 years of training to get the Diploma of a Specialist, which is the traditional final qualifying degree in Russia and you can get Master’s degree after 6 years of training.

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1

Match phrases in column A with their translation in column B and make up sentences with them

A	B
1.образовательная система	а. to enter state university
2. среднее образование	b. vocational education curricular
3. сдавать вступительные экзамены	c. to pass final state examinations
4. проводить научное исследование	d. educational system
5. высшее образование	e. to introduce a multilevel system
6. поступать в государственный университет	f. secondary education
7. программа профессионального образования	g. to successfully complete the course of education
8. ввести многоуровневую систему	i. to pass entrance exams
9. успешно пройти курс обучения	j. to choose the field of training
10. выбрать область обучения	k. to perform scientific research
11. сдавать государственные экзамены	l. graduation paper
12. диплом	m. higher education

Exercise 2

Distribute the words given below into three columns

To grant, secondary, entrance, to cover, Master’s, Bachelor’s, higher, postgraduate, final, further, academic, qualifying, vocational.

Degree	Education	Exam(s)
1. to grant	1.	1.
2.	2.	2.
3.	3.
4.	4.
5.	5.
6.
7.

Exercise 3

Fill in the correct word from the list: sciences, to grant, secondary, multilevel, to give, paper, entrance, individual, mobility, research.

1. ________ studies

2. ________ the possibility

3. scientific ________

4. ________ exams

5. Natural _________

6. ________ education

7. ________ system

8. graduation ______

9. _________ a degree

10. to provide _______

Exercise 4

Make up a dialogue on the situation

Student A

You are a second-year student of the SUSU. Help the American student to understand the rules and regulations of being accepted to Russian university, being granted a degree. Explain the difference between the types of Russian educational institutions. You may also suggest him some tips for studying, clarify the peculiarities of students’ life in Russia. It’s your first meeting with the person. Don’t forget to introduce yourself.

Student B

You are an American student. You want to get a higher education in Russian. You love Russia very much as your grandmother is Russian. So you’ve come to Russia to find out as much details as possible about the system of Higher education in Russia, about the types of educational institutions and about the hardships (difficulties) of students’ life. You’ve met a Russian second-year student. Introduce yourself and remember you are a very inquisitive person.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the right form of Present Perfect and translate them

Example: She ______ already (cook) the breakfast.

She has already cooked the breakfast.

1. He ____ (gain) a lot of weight recently.

2. Tom ____ just (clear out) the garage.

3. They ____ (sell) their house and ____ (go) on a tour of the world.

4. I ___ (be) to New York several times.

5. Martin is not here. He ____ (leave) for Moscow.

6. I ____ (not see) Kate since my weeding.

7. Pam ____ already (finish) his test.

8. She ____ (quarrel) with her mother 5 times this week.

9. This year I ___ twice (be) abroad.

Exercise 2

Choose the right variant: Past Simple или Present Perfect

1. We (not/have) a holiday last year.

   1. didn’t have b) haven’t had

2. My parents (be) to the USA many times.

   1. have been b) were

3. It (stop) raining?

   1. Did it stop b) Has it stopped

4. I (buy) a new dress last week.

a) have bought b) bought

5. Don’t worry about your letter. I (send) it the day before yesterday.

   1. sent b) have sent

6. When Jill (finish) school?

   1. When has Jill finished b) When did Jill finish

7. When I was a child, I (be) always late for school.

   1. have always been b) was always late

8. – Are you tired?

– Yes, a little. I (paint) the ceiling today.

1. have painted b) painted

1. My husband (work) in the bank for three years since 1990 to 1993.

   1. has worked b) worked

2. He (call) you yesterday?

   1. has he called b) did he call

3. One of the passengers (die) in that accident.

   1. died b) has died

4. Mom (lose) her key, so we have to open the door by force.

a) has lost b) lost

Exercise 3

Choose the right variant: Past Perfect or Present Perfect

1. Aunt Polly punished Tom Sawyer because he (be) naughty boy.

1. has been b) had been

2. Why are you so unhappy? – I (lose) my purse.

1. have lost b) had lost

3. Sam was upset because Judy (not/come).

1. hasn’t come b)hadn’t come

4. Mother asked the children if they (buy) some biscuits for tea.

1. has bought b) had bought

5. I (leave) some photos to be developed. Are they ready?

1. have left b) had left

6. Tell Tommy about these wonderful islands. He never (hear) about them.

1. has never heard b) had never heard

7. I’m so happy to see you again. I (not/see) you since I left Berks.

1. hadn’t seen b) haven’t seen

8. She said she (not/see) him since she left Berks.

1. hadn’t seen b) hasn’t seen

9. When she returned home, he (already/cook) dinner.

a) had already cooked b) has already cooked

10. Who (read) this book?

1. has read b) had read

Exercise 4

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Future Perfect Tense

1. She ___________ (to cook) dinner by the time you come.

2. The tutor _________ (to look through) all our tests by the end of the week.

3. The film already ________ (to start) when we get there.

4. I _________ (to finish) this book by next month.

5. My parents ________ (to go) to bed when we come back from the theatre.

6. The lecture _________ (to be over) by 5 and the last student will have left the hall.

7. It _________(to stop) raining by the time we get there.

8. By the time you get home you __________ (to forget) everything.

9. Ann _______ (to come) back by the moment the play starts.

10. By 2100 computers ________ (to take over) many of the jobs that people do today.

Exercise 5

You are first year students. You spent not much time at the university. What have done yet?

Example 1: I have already twice visited the library.

Example 2: I have already been to the university swimming–pool.

Exercise 6

React to the suggestion using the Present Perfect Tense as in the model.

The following adverbial phrases may be of some help to you:

this week, this month, this year, this morning, this evening.

Example: – Let’s go to the swimming–pool.

– No, thanks. I have already been there in the morning.

1. Let’s go to the library this evening to prepare for our physics classes.

2. Let’s go to the cinema to see ”Nochnoy Dozor”.

3. Why don’t we go to visit our grandmother this week.

4. Let’s dedicate this poem to Svetlana.

5. Let’s go to see Paris this summer.

6. Let’s not miss lectures on History this week.

Exercise 7

You are 18 year old students. You are young but I am sure you have some achievements in your life. Think of them and formulate them using the model

Model: I have finished a secondary school and the Chelyabinsk State Pedagogical University. I have visited many foreign countries: Germany, the USA and Great Britain are among them.

Communication

Reacting

Task 1

Look at sentences 1 to 8. Then choose phrases from the list and in pairs act out short exchanges reacting positively or negatively.

• OK. • Never mind. • Not at all. • Go ahead• Pity • Why not • I’d love to. • Yes, actually,

• You'd better not. • Let's not. • Poor • Quite reasonable. • I’d rather not. • Terribly

1. I won’t be able to make it.

2. Shall we go?

3. Do you mind?

4. How did it go?

5. Are you coming then?

6. What are my chances?

7. Can I try?

8. I tried really hard.

Example: A. I won’t be able to make it.

B. Pity.

Task 2

Enlarge the situations given

Example:

• Will you go to the disco this evening?

• I won’t be able to make it. I am sitting with my sister this evening.

• Pity. May be next time?

• With pleasure.

Homework

Task 1

Use the phrases given below to fill in the gaps into the sentences

Secondary education, training, final state examinations, vocational education curricula, to provide mobility, entrance exams, degree of a Specialist, to provide access, competition, distance learning students.

1. To enter the higher institution every applicant should pass ________.

2. _______________ is compulsory in Russia.

3. _______________ is awarded after 5 or 6 years of study.

4. Institute is and independent higher educational institution which applies__________ in specific areas of science, technology and culture.

5. The Intermediate Higher degree is designed _________ between various higher educational institutions.

6. Final state certification includes the presentation of the graduation project and ________.

7. In many modern universities large computer centers are established __________ to Internet resources for the students.

8. ________ to enter state university for the specialties that are in great demand nowadays is 5 applications for one place.

9. To get a Bachelor’s degree a student needs not less than four years of __________.

10. Part-time and __________ constitute one third of the overall number of students in the country.

Task 2

Choose the right variant: Present Perfect or Past Simple

1. She is happy. She (passed/has passed) her exam in Maths.

2. When (did you pass/have you passed) your laboratory work?

3. Ann is upset. She (lost/has lost) 500 rubles.

4. Pete feels uneasy. He (missed/has missed) his classes and (met/has met) his teacher on the street later today.

5. Yesterday I (read/have read) an interesting article about the nature of earthquakes.

Task 3

Translate from Russian into English using the active vocabulary of the lesson

1. Система высшего образования в России находится в стадии реформирования.

2. Среднее образование является обязательным для всех граждан России.

3. После четырех лет обучения студент получает диплом Бакалавра.

4. Университет это высшее учебное заведение, чья деятельность направлена на образование, развитие науки и культуры.

5. При поступлении в университет абитуриенты должны сдавать вступительные экзамены.

6. Министерство образования предлагает принимать в университет абитуриентов на основе результатов Единого Государственного Экзамена. (Unified State Exam)

7. Студенты вечернего отделения и студенты, получающие образование дистанционно, составляют третью часть всех студентов.

8. В Российской Федерации существует несколько типов высших учебных заведений: университеты, институты, академии.

Task 4

Read the text and match the abstracts with the titles given below

a. Leading role in humanities and in applied sciences

b. Russian Diplomas Competitiveness

c. Great variety of educational institutions

d. High Standard of Education

e. Higher Education in Russian is much cheaper than in other countries

Five advantages of Russian educational system

1. The Russian national education system is generally regarded to be of a high standard. It is founded upon a solid theoretical base. Leading Russian Universities are primarily scientific research centres. Many of the greatest achievements of 20th century science took place in Russia.

2. In 2002 31 Russian students took part in international mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, ecology, informatics and geography competitions, 29 of them became International Competition winners. No country in the world has ever achieved such a brilliant result!

3. The Russian Educational System has two types of further education institutions: universities, like Lomonosov Moscow State University, which offer a variety of subjects, and institutions of a smaller size, which concentrate on specific fields. Many new institutions and colleges have appeared in recent years. The level of achievement in these institutions is as high as those in traditional universities, but tuition fees are much lower. There are nearly 400 non–state owned institutions of higher education in Russia and the total number of students is nearly 270 thousand.

4. Russian graduates are considered to be among the top competitors for jobs worldwide. A Classical Russian University Education is considered by many to be an excellent starting point for any career. Bill Gates, the computer king, who has made a fortune of 90 billion dollars has 20 former graduates of Novosibirsk University. According to Bill Gates his staff made him one of the richest people in the world.

5. Tuition fees in Russia are considered to be much lower than anywhere else in the world. Additional costs such as accommodation, textbooks, use of libraries etc., are also low. Take the UK, for example. Accommodation in London will cost a student 360$ a week. In Moscow a student may rent a two-room apartment for 300$ a month, or pay just the same amount for bed–and breakfast accommodation. In London a student has to spend 1000$ a month for textbooks and supplementary literature compared to 100$ in Moscow. The fees in Oxford Westminster College, for example, are usually 25000–30000$ a year and in Plekhanov Academy of Economics in Moscow are only 5000$ per year.

Did you know that…..

There are 1041 institutions of higher education in Russia;

610 institutions are state;

44 % of state institutions’ freshmen pay for their education.

Task 5

Find what the following figures refer to? Give answers as in the example

31, 29, 400, 270, 25 000 $, 300$, 20, 100$

Example: 31 is the number of students taking part in the international competitions in 2002.

Task 6

Answer the questions to the text

1. Why can we be proud of Russian system of higher education?

2. What are the advantages of Russian system of higher education over the Western ones?

3. Why do you think our specialists are highly competitive in the world market?

4. What problems does our system of higher education have?

Task 7

Find information in the Internet on the following topics and present it in the form of a report:

1. What is the Bologna process?

2. Why has Russia decided to become the part of the Bologna process?

3. What is the main purpose of the Unified State Exams?

4. Why is the Russian system of higher education is among the best in the world?

Smile with us

Professor: A fool can ask more questions than a wise man can answer.

Student: No wonder so many of us failed our exams!

Lesson 3. Higher Education in the UK

Task 1. Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

Why do many children of new Russians study in Great Britain?

Task 2. Active Vocabulary

Pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. foreign student – студент иностранец

2. academic year – учебный год

3. Advanced Level examinations – экзамен по программе средней школы

4. applied technology – прикладные разработки

5. approximate number – приблизительное количество

6. foremost – выдающийся

7. General Certificate of Secondary Education – аттестат о среднем образовании

8. interview – собеседование

9. it goes without saying – без сомнения

10. methods of instruction – методы обучения

11. resident – житель страны

12. sandwich course – курс обучения, чередующий теорию с практикой;

13. to apply to a university – обращаться с заявлением о приеме в университет

14. to attend a university – посещать университет

15. to be dedicated to – быть посвященным чему–либо

16. to be founded in – быть основанным в

17. to be free – быть бесплатным

18. to be tested in – проходить тестирование по

19. to give a lecture – читать лекцию

20. tutorial – консультация

21. extension courses – курс повышения квалификации

22. study centre – учебный центр

23. summer school – летняя школа

Lead-in

Task 1

Try to answer the following question using your background knowledge

1. What do you know about the system of Higher Education in Great Britain?

2. Why do you think many new Russians send their children to the UK colleges to get degrees?

3. Do you know any world famous colleges of the UK?

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Change the active to the passive by supplying the correct form of the verb to be

Example: Tom prepares the homework every day.

The homework is prepared by Tom.

1. Tom is preparing the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom now.

2. Tom has prepared the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

3. Tom prepared the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

4. Tom was preparing the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

5. Tom had prepared the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

6. Tom will prepare the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

7. Tom will have prepared the homework.

The homework _____ prepared by Tom.

Exercise 2

To repair a flat is an endless process. Many things change. Describe the changes that happen when we repair the flat, using the Present Simple Passive

Example: The windows are painted and cleaned.

1. The roof _______ (to repair).

2. The carpet ______ (to wash) in the laundry.

3. The walls ______(to decorate) with wall–paper.

4. The bathroom _______ (to lay) with tile.

5. The dust ______ (to beat) out of the carpet.

6. The ceiling ______ (to whitewash).

7. The new curtains ______ (to buy).

8. All the old things _____ (to throw) away.

9. The parquet _______ (to lacquer).

Exercise 3

Open the brackets and put the words into the Future Simple Passive

Example: Some money will be given (to give) to you to buy the products.

1. Many tasty things ________ (to make) by Mother for our party.

2. The pupils ______ (to give) out prizes by the headmaster.

3. I _______ (to ask) a lot of questions during the interview.

4. A surprise party ________ (to arrange) for Jane next week.

Exercise 4

Using the verbs in the box fill in the gaps. Put the verbs into the Past Simple Passive

invent, plant, kill, write, build, name, discover, design, paint, break

1. Five fruit–trees ________ in our garden last year.

2. The picture Mona Lisa _________ by Leonardo da Vinci.

3. Marat ______ in his bath.

4. Radio ______ by Popov.

5. The first Pyramid of Egypt ________ around 3000 BC.

6. The winter Palace _______ by Rastrelli.

7. “War and Peace” ________ by Tolstoy.

8. Rossi street _______ after a famous Russian architect.

9. My car ______ in an accident last night.

10. When ____ America ________?

Exercise 5

Ann and Tom bought a car 10 years ago. The car has been repaired several times since then. Describe the changes that have been made, using the Present Perfect Passive

Example: The oil ______(to change). The oil has been changed.

1. The radiator _____(to fill) with water six times.

2. It ______(to take) for a test drive once.

3. Broken parts ______(to repair) two times.

4. The battery ______(to check).

5. The filters ______(to replace) three times.

6. Air _____ (to put) in the tyres twice.

7. The brakers _____ (to test).

8. The car ______ (to paint) after the accident.

9. The lights _____ (to change).

Exercise 6

Make up Yes/No questions using the words given

Example: India, rice, is, grown, in. Is rice grown in India?

1. Into, languages, many, this book, translated, has, been.

2. A, is, being, built, new church, in, Moscow.

3. The planet, is , known, Mars, as, “the red planet”.

4. Ground, the, covered, is, snow, with.

5. Your, is, being, wedding dress, made, your mother, by.

6. At the moment, being, taught, he, to drive, a car, is.

7. The, has, canceled, been, meeting.

8. All, have, sold, the tickets, been.

9. The, is, cut, grass, every week.

Exercise 7

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Past Perfect Passive

1. The alarm system had been broken before the thieves climbed through a window.

2. After the stolen motorbike _______ (to find) the police called the owner.

3. Smoke rising from the mouth of the volcano _______ (to see) by the tourists two days before the eruption.

4. The dinner ___already ____ (to eat) by the time I came home.

5. All the work _______ (to do) by the moment the mother came home from work.

Exercise 8

Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Future Perfect Passive

Example: A new park will have been laid out by summer.

1. All her affairs _________ (to settle) before she gets married.

2. All the stolen goods _________ (to find) by September.

3. By the end of the year a new bridge __________ (to build).

4. I ___________ (to examine) by the doctor by this time tomorrow.

Exercise 9

Insert by or with into the gaps

1. Most children are strongly influenced ____ their parents.

2. The jam sandwiches were made _____ white bread.

3. My camera was loaded _____ a black and white film.

4. The supermarket trolley was filled _____ cat food.

5. My hair was cut _____ a top stylist.

6. The song was performed ______ Madonna.

7. This book was written _____ my favorite author.

8. Claire was shouted at ______ her teacher.

9. The cake was decorated _____ icing.

10. The tiger was shoot _____ a gun.

Exercise 10

Choose the right variant

1. The children taught/ were taught Italian.

2. This problem will discuss/will be discussed at the conference.

3. The president interviewed/was interviewed on French TV.

4. Teachers have given/ have been given a new pay rise by the government.

5. Walt Disney created/was created the cartoon character of Mickey Mouse.

6. The firm has been making/has been made dresses for twenty years.

7. He treats/is treated the girl very badly.

8. He said that he had taken/had been taken his watch to a watchmaker’s.

9. Many new houses have been built/have built this year.

10. The door closed/was closed.

Reading

Task 1

Read the text and do the tasks after it

Higher education in Great Britain

The percentage of young people entering universities in Britain is lower than in the United States, where more than half attend. In Britain the proportion was one in three in 1996.

Nowadays the higher education in UK is not free. For a resident of the country the fee for a year of study is 2000 pounds, while for a foreign student this fee is much higher. A foreign student has to pay 16 thousand pounds a year.

So after finishing secondary school you can apply to a university. At the age of 16 students are tested in various subjects to earn a General Certificate of Secondary Education. If they wish to go on to higher education at a university, they take Advanced Level examinations, commonly known as “A” Levels. Good A-level results in at least 2 subjects are necessary to get a place at a university. However, good exam passes are not enough. Universities choose their students after interviews.

British universities are comparatively small, the approximate number of students studying there is about 7–8 thousand students. A university usually consists of colleges. The departments of the colleges are organized into faculties. The academic year in Britain’s universities is divided into 3 terms. In the university students have a series of lectures, seminars, tutorials and laboratory classes. Lectures are given to large groups of students while seminars are much smaller than lectures. Lectures and seminars are all one hour in length, laboratory classes last 2 or 3 hours. After three years of study a university graduate will leave with the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. Later he may continue to take Master’s Degree (I year of study) and then a Doctor’s Degree (from 2 to 5 years). It goes without saying that research is an important feature of university work.

Britain has more than 90 universities. The oldest and best–known universities are located in Oxford, Cambridge, London, Birmingham. English universities differ from each other in date of foundation, size, history, tradition, general organization, methods of instruction, way of student life.

The foremost universities are the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, both founded in the Middle Ages. Another type of university is the so-called redbrick variety – old and solid schools built in the 19th century when bricks were the standard building material. The large number of ultramodern universities that appeared in the last half of the 20th century are often called cement block and plate glass universities.

Students interested in advanced education can also attend polytechnics, which are schools dedicated to the sciences and applied technology. They offer the so-called sandwich courses (for people who work). An education act in 1992 changed the status of these colleges to universities.

Higher education can also be obtained through the Open University, founded in 1969, which offers extension courses taught through correspondence, television and radio programs, and videocassettes. It also sponsors local study centers and residential summer schools. The purpose of the Open University is to reach people who may not ordinarily be qualified for university study.

Did you know that

The University education in Britain was only for men until 1871, when the first women’s college was opened. Now almost all colleges are mixed.

Task 2

Give the main idea of the text in one sentence

The main idea of the text is …..

The text is about …….

Task 3

Answer the questions to the text

1. Is the education in the UK free?

2. Why do you think a foreign student has to pay much more money than a resident of the

country?

3. What is the procedure of entering the university in the UK?

4. What is the approximate number of students studying in the UK colleges? Is it more or

less in comparison with Russian higher institutions?

5. What types of classes do the British students have?

6. How many years should an English student study to get a Master’s Degree?

7. What are the three types of universities in terms of date of foundation?

8. How do the methods of instruction in the Open University differ from the methods of

instruction in a traditional university?

9. What information in the text was new personally for you?

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1. Match the English phrases with their translation.

summer school to be dedicated to to be founded in applied technologies extension course to apply to to attend academic year to give a lecture 10. approximate

приблизительный учебный год читать лекцию посещать обращаться с заявлением о приеме летняя школа быть посвященным чему–либо прикладные разработки курс повышения квалификации быть основанным

Exercise 2

Fill in the correct word from the list below: approximate, a university, to give, summer, life, instruction, course, student, academic, applied.

1. sandwich _____

2. ________ year

3. methods of ______

4. ______ technology

5. ______ a lecture

6. student _____

7. to attend _____

8. a foreign _____

9. ______ number

10. ______ school

Exercise 3

Insert the right prepositions. Consult the text

1. to apply ___ a university

2. to be dedicated ___

3. the lecture is one hour ___ length

4. to be tested ___

5. to consist ___ colleges

6. to get a place ___ a university

7. to leave the university ___ a degree

Exercise 4

Give the English equivalents to the following Russian phrases

1. выпускник школы

2. традиция получения высшего образования

3. привилегия аристократии

4. плата за год обучения

5. аттестат о среднем образовании

6. консультации и лабораторные работы

7. без сомнения

8. отличаться друг от друга

9. степень бакалавра в области медицины

10. методы обучения

Exercise 5

Try to complete the gaps using the factual information from the text

Higher education in Great Britain has a long history. First institutions of higher education appeared in _____. The most famous of them are ______ and ______ to which the term Oxbridge refer. For many centuries the tradition of getting higher education was the _____ of the ________.

Even nowadays higher education in Great Britain costs money, which means that it is not ____. To enter the university good ____ results in at least ___ ______ are necessary. Universities choose their students only after _______.

Speaking

Exercise 6

Tell about the system of Higher education of the UK to your friend who doesn’t know anything about it. You may use the answers to the following questions as a plan

1. What are the requirements to the applicant who wants to enter the university?

2. Is the higher education free in Great Britain?

3. Is the fee higher for a foreign student than for a resident of the country?

4. How many terms are there in the academic years in the UK?

5. What types of classes do the English students have?

6. What degrees are awarded in universities?

7. What kind of education do the polytechnics offer?

8. What is a sandwich course?

9. What is the purpose of the Open University?

Discussion

Introduction

Most English Universities have picturesque campuses with beautiful gardens decorated with modern sculptures, exotic trees, flowers and ducks swimming in ponds. Some universities have even special staff to take care about the gardens. But university campus doesn’t only comprise miles of well–organized nature but all the necessary facilities for the successful students’ study as well. Besides you should keep in mind that English universities compete for the students and they have to suggest the best conditions of study and high quality of education for the lowest cost.

Task 1

Student A.

You are a school leaver. Next year you want to enter a university. You want to leave your home and live in a university campus to have a new experience. You have heard from your friend that Exeter University is one of the beautiful and interesting places to get a degree. But you need some additional information about the university facilities and conditions of study. Your task is to ask all the necessary questions to make a decision on whether you will choose this university as a place to get a higher education or not.

Try not to forget to ask about:

1. Terms of admission

2. Fee

3. Methods of instruction

4. Libraries (information resources)

5. Accommodation

Student B.

You are the Academic Officer of the university. You know the answers to all the questions about the university and students life. Your task is to provide information to the applicants and to make the university attractive for the applicant. Use the information given.

1. Terms of admission (General Certificate of Secondary Education + A–level results in at least two subjects + interview)

2. Fee (5,000 pounds for a resident, 15,000 pounds for a foreign student)

3. Methods of instruction (personal tutor, individual support and advice, choice of courses, a possibility to study for a year in Europe, lectures, tutorials, e-learning, Internet–based materials, interactive on-line Learning Environment which delivers 120 courses)

4. Libraries (1,100,000 volumes, over 3,500 periodical subscriptions to journals, on–line access to 7,000 journals, PC clusters available 24hours 7 days a week for Internet access and word-processing)

5. Accommodation (4000 thousand places, singles furnished with a bed, wardrobe, bookshelves, desk and chair. All rooms have a phone and high-speed network/internet link. The kitchens are modern and well-equipped).

Task 2

Students’ life differs a lot from that you had at school. Some young people say they have become more serious and responsible for their study. What has changed in your character since you entered the university? Have you become more serious, more responsible, more independent or vice versa?

Model: I think I have become more independent from the opinions of my parents. At the university a student has more freedom and he has to take a lot of decisions. I like to take decisions myself.

Communication

Congratulating – Consoling

Task 1

Read the dialogues and underline the phrases used for congratulating and consoling. What is the situation in each dialogue?

1. A: What’s the matter, Tom? You look a bit upset. B: Yeah, I am upset, actually. I just got a ‘C’ in my Physics exam. A: Never mind. It’s not as bad as you think. It’s still a passing grade. B: I suppose.

2. A: Georgia? Are you free after class?

B: Yes, lam. Why?

A: Well, I got my driving license yesterday, and I thought we could go out for a bite to eat.

B: Oh my goodness! Congratulations! I’m so happy for you!

Task 2

Use the useful language in the box to act out similar dialogues for the situations

1. A friend has passed her exams.

2. Your brother has crashed his car.

3. Your sister got accepted to study medicine abroad

4. A friend has lost his job.

5. Your classmate entered the university.

6. Your girl friend got the leading role in a film.

7. Your mother has won the lottery!

8. Your farther has broken his leg.

9. A friend has failed his exam in maths twice.

Congratulating Поздравления Congratulations! Поздравляю! Well done! Молодец, браво! Brilliant! / Excellent! Здорово! I’m (really) happy for you! Я рад за тебя! Good for you! Молодец! That’s great/fantastic news! Это великолепная, прекрасная новость!

Consoling Слова утешения That’s too bad/a pity/a shame Как жаль! Don’t let it get you down Не расстраивайся из-за этого! Never mind. Полно, не обращай внимания! Don’t worry. Не волнуйся! You’ll be fine/OK/alright. Все будет хорошо. I’m so sorry. Мне очень жаль. It’s not as bad as it seems. Все не так плохо как кажется.

Homework

Task 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate Passive tense form

1. Students (to be required) to complete 12 years of secondary education before entering the university.

2. The oldest university in Russia, Moscow State University (to be founded) in 1755.

3. All the exams (to be taken) in July and January.

4. The course of study (to be completed) if a student gets a certain number of credits for it.

5. The tuition for study (to be paid) once a year in Russian universities.

6. The thesis (to be written) already.

7. Do you know how many students (to be admitted) to the South Ural State University last year?

8. An Associate degree (to be given) by community colleges.

9. The most successful students (to be given) grants by the university or local authorities.

10. The essay on history (to be written) yet?

Task 2

Transfer the sentences from Active into Passive

Example: I finished school 8 years ago. The school was finished 8 years ago.

1. I advanced my career after getting the Master’s degree.

2. My sister teaches students at the university.

3. I have already done my homework.

4. Scientists proved this theorem 20 years ago.

5. When will you defend your graduation project?

6. We carried out many experiments in the laboratory.

7. I took all the necessary textbooks in the library.

8. We will perform this work on the computer next week.

9. I write letters to my pen-friend every week.

Exercise 3

Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary of the lesson

1. Высшее образование в Великобритании платное.

2. Абитуриентов принимают в университеты по результатам экзаменов и

тестирования.

3. Оксфорд был основан в 12 веке нашей эры.

4. Открытый университет Великобритании предлагает курсы повышения

квалификации.

5. Без сомнения, методы обучения имеют большое значение в образовательном процессе.

6. Я никогда не был в Англии.

7. Игорь уже окончил курсы в летней школе.

8. Ольга получила степень бакалавра и учится сейчас в школе Экономики на

получение степени магистра.

9. Когда ты сдал последний экзамен? – 25 января.

10. Это очень интересная книга. Почитай ее. – Я уже прочел ее. Она мне не

понравилась.

Exercise 4

Open the brackets using one of the Perfect Tenses or the Past Simple Tense

1. Last year I (to finish) secondary school and (to enter) the South Ural State University.

2. (to see) our new lecturer? – Yes, I have.

3. When (to pass) your entrance exams? – This July and today is the 1^st of August.

4. How many times you (to give) lectures this week?

5. I (to earn) my General Certificate of Secondary Education by the moment I applied to the university.

6. My brother (to get) a Bachelor’s Degree by 2005.

7. You (to prepare) for laboratory classes yet?

8. You ever (to be) to the United Kingdom?

9. You (to choose) your major yet?

10. – I (to loose) my textbook. – When you (to see) it last?

Exercise 5

Express your opinion (agreement, disagreement) in written form about the following statements. Try to prove your point of view by giving arguments

Statement: To be a highly qualified specialist you should study all your life.

I agree completely with the statement. I think that knowledge got at the university quickly become obsolete and you should update your knowledge to be in the know of the latest achievements in science and technology.

1. It’s no use working hard if you have no inborn abilities.

2. It’s more prestigious nowadays to get higher education abroad.

3. Higher education shouldn’t be free.

4. Absent-minded people can’t be successful in research.

5. Tutorials and individual work with a tutor is more useful than practical classes in fixed groups.

Smile with us

William Lyon Phelps, on a pre-Christmas examination paper, found written, “God only knows the answer to this question. Merry Christmas.”

He returned the paper with the notation, “God gets an A; you get an F. Happy New Year.”

Lesson 4. Higher Education in the USA

Task 1. Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

What are the advantages and disadvantages of democracy in universities?

Is it good for a student or professor to be free in his choice of what subjects to study and what themes to teach?

Active Vocabulary

Task 1

Listen and pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. prior to – раньше, прежде

2. an undergraduate school – факультет с базовым циклом обучения

3. graduate school – факультет со специализированным курсом

обучения

4. an Associate degree – начальное высшее образование

5. community college – местный колледж

6. junior college – колледж начального высшего образования

7. to be operated by – управляться

8. public funds – государственные средства

9. to transfer to – переводиться в

10. to lower the cost – понизить стоимость

11. full-time coursework – дневной курс обучения

12. to select a major – выбрать специализацию

13. to graduate with a degree in major – закончить курс обучения в

университете с получением диплома

(бакалавра или магистра)

14. to complete a course – пройти курс обучения

15. related fields – смежные области

16. to major in maths – специализироваться в математике

17. in order to – для того, чтобы

18. in addition to – в добавок

19. to be insufficient – быть недостаточным

20. to advance one’s career – продвигаться по карьерной лестнице

21. to depend on – зависеть от

22. educational background – полученное образование

23. thesis – диссертация

24. research paper – научная работа

25. a requirement – требование

26. completion – завершение

27. dedication – увлеченность работой

Lead-in

Task 1

Using your background knowledge about the system of higher education in the USA agree or disagree with the following statements

1. The system of Higher Education in the USA does not differ from the Russian one.

2. Higher education in the USA is free.

3. American colleges are not certified to give universities degrees (for example a Bachelor’s degree).

4. All universities in the USA are private.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Fill in the gaps with the Modal verbs: can, can’t, could, couldn't

1. I have been chosen to represent our company in Spain because I am the only person in our firm who _______ speak Spanish.

2. I _______ do my homework last night because I was too tired.

3. Do you know how to cook? – Yes, I ______ cook very well.

4. He _____ watch TV last night because his TVset was broken.

5. Mozart _______ play the piano and compose music at the age of three.

6. Elephants ______ live until they are seventy.

7. We ________ go swimming yesterday because the water was cold.

8. This diamond ring is too expensive for me. I ________ buy it.

9. Einstein ______ speak 8 foreign languages.

10. The coffee is too hot I _______ drink it.

Exercise 2

Look at the phrases given and define what abilities they denote: physical or mental? Put the verbs into two columns

To swim, to speak a foreign language, to run fast, to jump, to play football, to think, to listen to music, to dream, to read, to smell the flower, to feel the fabric, to whisper, to analyze, to argue, to persuade, to write poems.

physical abilities	mental abilities
to swim	to speak a foreign language

Now answer the question “What can you do?” using the phrases of Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Insert into the gaps may, might, to be allowed to/ not to be allowed to

1. You _____ go to the cinema with your friends, but, please, don’t come home late.

2. He _____ work in the laboratory next week.

3. Until you are eighteen you ________ to marry.

4. ______ I take your dictionary for a minute?

5. You _____ leave this little matter entirely to me, Mr Brown.

6. She _____ want some more wine. You’d better ask her to find it out.

7. He _____ park here. It’s strictly prohibited.

8. When we lived in a hotel we ____not____ make any noise after nine.

9. According to the rules you ___not______ bring guests.

10. You ____ take my dictionary. I don’t need it now.

Exercise 4

Fill in the gaps using the modal verb must and the expressions given below

close the door behind you

go to medical school

have a driver’s license

have a library card

have a passport

pay an income tax

speak English outside of class every day, read newspapers

stop

study harder

take one pill every six hours

Example: According to the law a driver must have a driver’s license.

1. If a traffic light is red, a car must_______________.

2. My doctor gave me a prescription. According to the directions on the bottle, I must ____________.

3. If you want to check a book out of the library, you must ________________.

4. Nancy has a job in Chicago. She earns 20,000$ a year. According to the law, she must __________.

5. I failed the last two tests in my biology class. According to my professor, I must ____________.

6. I want to travel abroad. According to the law, I must _____________.

7. If you want to become a doctor, you must _______________.

8. Jimmy! It’s cold outside. When you come inside, you must __________________.

9. I want to improve my English. According to my teacher, I must _________________.

Exercise 5

Fill in the gaps with the modal verb must or its equivalents have to, be to

1. We ______ wait for some minutes because we missed the train.

2. I _____ meet my sister at the station today at 7.

3. There is no ice-cream. According to the schedule it ______ be delivered at twelve.

4. I _____ leave early because I was not feeling quite well.

5. The inn was small and we ____ share the room.

6. She ______ come to work in time or I’ll fire her!

7. To know English you _____ read more books in the original.

8. The game ______ begin at 6 according to the programme.

9. You ____ study well or you will not enter the university.

10. I ____ be at the meeting. My boss ordered me to be there. He will accept no excuses.

Exercise 6

Finish the sentences using should or shouldn’t

1. Students should come to class every day.

2. We _______ waste our money on things we don’t need.

3. Life is short. We _________ waste it.

4. It’s raining. You _________ take your umbrella when you leave.

5. People ________ be cruel to animals.

6. Your plane leaves at 8.00. You _______ get to the airport by 7.00.

7. You _______ smoke in a crowded room because the smoke bothers other people.

8. When you go to New York city you _______ see play on Broadway.

9. You _________ walk alone on city streets after midnight. It’s dangerous.

10. When you go to San Francisco, you _______ ride on the cable cars.

Exercise 7

Use mustn’t or needn’t to fill the gaps

1. You ___________ give Freddy any more sweets or he won’t eat any tea.

2. The doctor said I _______________ go back to the hospital; my leg is all right.

3. You ___________ make any sandwiches for me. I’m not hungry.

4. She ___________ fill in a new application form, we have the other one.

5. You ___________ mention this to Kate, or she’ll get upset.

6. She ____________ bring a doctor’s certificate, she was only away for one day.

7. You ____________ take any more aspirins, you’ve had four already.

8. Tell her she ______________ open any letters marked “personal”.

Exercise 8

Choose the right variant

1. You may/ mustn’t run the corridors. It’s dangerous.

2. Can/Should I ask you a question?

3. Will/Shall we go out for lunch today?

4. You should/must see a doctor as soon as possible. You’ve got high temperature.

5. Tom can/may play tennis very well.

6. I have no choice. I have to/must wait for him until he comes.

7. Today a have a date with Tom. I am to be/have to be at the cafe at 10.

8. Tony was able to/could enter the University.

9. You shouldn’t/mustn’t lie in court.

Reading

Task 1

Read the text and do the tasks after it

Higher Education in the USA

To attend an American university students must complete 12 years of primary and secondary education. Students who would like to attend college or university must attend an undergraduate school. These are schools that offer either a two-year degree or a four-year degree in a specific course of study. That course of study is called the major.

An associate degree is a two-year degree given by two types of colleges: community colleges and junior colleges. The two classes of associate degrees are the Associate of Arts (also called the A.A.) and the Associate of Applied science (also called the A.A.S.).

Community colleges are operated by the local government and are financed by public funds. They serve two functions: (1) students who do not want to get a bachelor’s degree will attend a community college to get an associate degree; (2) students who want to get a bachelor’s degree will complete the first two years of their undergraduate education at a community college and then transfer to a four-year college for the last two years. The tuition at a community college is much less than at a four-year college or university. Therefore many American students choose to attend a community college for two years as a way of lowering the cost of getting a bachelor’s degree.

A bachelor’s degree is the traditional degree given by American colleges and universities. It normally requires at least four years of full-time college-level coursework. The two classes of bachelor’s degrees are the Bachelor of Science and the Bachelor of Arts.

Students must complete a required number of courses within their major in order to graduate with a degree in that major. They may also be required to complete a number of courses in closely related fields. A college graduate with a bachelor’s degree may find that degree insufficient for the type of profession he would like to have. It may often be necessary to get an advanced degree, such as a Master’s or Doctorate degree, to advance your career.

Not all colleges and universities offer Master’s degree programs. The Master’s degree is a graduate school degree that typically requires two years of full-time coursework to complete. The Doctorate degree is even more focused and specialized than the Master’s degree. Completion of a doctorate degree typically takes between three and six years. The length of time will depend on the student’s educational background, the field of study selected, the student’s dedication and ability, and the complexity of the thesis the student has chosen.

Task 2

Answer the questions on the text

1. What are the admission terms for the American students?

2. Why do many American students prefer studying in community colleges for the first two years of their university career?

3. What two Bachelor’s degrees do American students grant?

4. What degrees does the graduate school grant?

5. How does the American system of higher education differ from the Russian one?

Task 3

Try to explain the meaning of the following phrases

1. an undergraduate school

2. a major

3. a community college

4. an Associate of Arts degree

5. tuition

Task 4

Find in the text the sentences in the Passive Voice and read them to the group

Task 5

Tell about the American system of Higher education to the group of Russian students (Terms of admission, types of degrees, types of colleges, undergraduate school, graduate school)

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1

Complete the gaps using the phrases given: research, the cost, community, school, educational, degree, coursework, related, a major, to advance

1. undergraduate _______

2. _______ paper

3. _______ background

4. to lower ______

5. associate _____

6. _______ college

7. to select ______

8. _______ one’s career

9. _______ fields

10. full-time _______

Exercise 2

Fill in the prepositions and make up the sentences of your own

1. prior ___

2. to transfer ___

3. to major ___ maths

4. to depend ___

5. ___ addition ___

6. ___ order to

7. to graduate ____ a degree ___ major

8. to be operated ___

Reading

Task 1

Read the abstract about the assessment system in an American University and answer the questions after it

Unit system

College courses are given a value, which are called “credits” or “units.” The number of units assigned to a course corresponds to the number of hours that a student will attend class for that course. For example, a course that consists of three class sessions per week will be assigned a value of three units. Typically, colleges require that students complete a minimum number of units in order to graduate, rather than a minimum number of courses. This gives students more flexibility in what courses they decide to take to complete their graduation requirements.

Most colleges and universities follow either a quarter-based calendar system or a semester–based calendar system. In a quarter system, the academic year is divided into three sessions called quarters. Each quarter lasts about 12 weeks. There is usually an additional quarter in the summer, where registration is optional. In a semester system, the academic year is divided into two sessions called semesters. Each semester lasts 16 weeks.

Students who have registered for at least 12 units in a session are said to be “full-time” students. Students who have registered for fewer than 12 units in a session are called “part-time” students.

1. What is a unit system?

2. What students may be called “full–time students”?

3. What students may be called “part–time students”?

Problem solving

Introduction

The American system of Higher education has some peculiarities. It is considered a democratic one. But the democracy introduced into the universities as well as in secondary schools seems to cause some troubles for the teaching staff. Very often it results in the low level of education. Among the reasons that strongly influence on the level of higher education the American professors call:

– the absence of core curriculum. Students may choose both the course they would like to study and the lecturer. The lecturer is free to choose the textbook to deliver lectures on, he is free to choose the themes to be learnt, he may omit some themes, which he considers unimportant.

– the absence of oral examinations. All the examinations in American universities are done in a written form. A professor can not call a student to the blackboard and discuss the results of his work in class in front of the classmates.

– the absence of set groups as any student has an individual program of study.

Task

How do you think why the reasons mentioned above worry the American professors?

Express your opinion using the following phrases: I think, to my mind, first of all, on the other hand, I firmly believe that, there are plenty of proofs to the fact that.

Give arguments to the following:

1. Is it good or bad to have no core curriculum?

2. Can all the skills and knowledge got by the student be evaluated by written tests?

3. Is it good when a lecturer chooses the textbook for studying and creates the course of study according to his likes and dislikes?

4. What are the disadvantages and advantages of studying in groups and individually?

Communication

Making requests and refusing politely

Task 1

Practice the following phrases and use them in the dialogue below

Making requests Would you mind my V-ing? Вы не против, если я I was wondering if you could… Интересно, не могли бы вы Could you possibly… Не могли бы вы….. I am terribly sorry to bother you, but I wonder if you could Извиняюсь за беспокойство, но не могли бы вы Can you please…? Не могли бы вы…?

Refusing politely Well, actually, I’m a bit busy at the moment… На самом деле, я немного занят сейчас I’m afraid I can’t… Боюсь, что не могу вам помочь I’m really sorry, but… Мне очень жаль, но

A: ______________lend me your textbook on Maths. I want to prepare for the Friday seminar.

B: _______________I’ll be using it myself. You can have it tomorrow if you like. A: Thanks. I’ll collect it tomorrow then.

Task 2

In pairs, take it in turns to make requests and refuse politely in the following situations

1. You ask your tutor to read over a report you have written.

2. You ask your fellow student to help you with a report.

3. You ask your sister to type out a report for you.

Homework

Task 1

Open the brackets choosing one of the modal verbs: can, may, must

1. In any research on order to introduce something new you ____ know the history of the question.

2. Students are our future scientists. To be in the know of the modern technological advances they ____ read a lot.

3. You ___ do this work tomorrow for me. I don’t need it to be done now.

4. Any student ___ improve his abilities if he studies hard.

5. Education ____ serve the needs of human society.

6. I know that you ___ solve this problem alone. You are clever enough to do it.

7. You ____ always keep in mind that your life depends on you, in particular, on the decisions you take.

8. You ____ take my dictionary. I don’t need it at the moment.

9. You ____ always remember that innovation is the engine of educational development.

10. Teachers ____ deliver ready–made knowledge but they ____ also make students think and exercise their mind constantly which is more effective but more difficult to provide.

Task 2

Match the discoveries and works of art with the famous scientists, writers enumerated below. Make up sentences as in the model

Model: “War and Peace” was written by Lev Tolstoy.

Assembly line Theory of Relativity Telescope Electric light Ball-point pen Matches Microcsope Automobile Telephone Washing machine

Alexander Graham Bell Albert Einstein Galileo Galilei Karl Benz Henry Ford Zacharias Janssen William Blackstone Ladislo Biro Thomas Edison John Walker

If you don’t know the answers you may use the Internet site http://inventors.about.com to find them.

Task 3

Choose one of the inventions and present the story of its development for your classmates

Plan

1. Name of the inventor

2. Invention

3. Reasons for making such an invention

4. Benefits for a society

Start with the following phrase:

Dear friends I am here to tell you a story of one of the greatest inventions in the mankind.

Task 4

Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the Active vocabulary of the lesson

1. От студентов требуется выбрать специализацию к концу второго года обучения в университете.

2. Степень бакалавра присуждается студенту, который успешно окончил 4-х летний курс обучения в университете.

3. Диссертация – это оригинальное научное исследование, которое должен провести студент для получения степени Доктора наук.

4. Я хочу учится в Американском университете, потому что у меня будет возможность самому выбирать предметы для изучения.

5. Университеты в США управляются президентом или ректором.

6. Каждому учебному курсу обучения в университете приписывается определенная ценность, которая выражается в кредитных единицах.

7. Лекции этого профессора посещаются многими студентами.

8. По окончании семестра студенты сдают письменные экзамены.

9. Американское высшее образование ценится во всем мире.

10. В США 1964 университета и 1416 двухгодичных колледжей.

Discussion. Study abroad

Task 1

Answer the following questions. The phrases given below may be of some help to you.

1. What are the reasons people go away to study?

to see the world,

to seek for better education,

to have an international diploma,

to change the place of living,

to have fluency in English,

to advance one’s career, etc.

2. What problems can someone who is studying abroad face?

level of English language is not enough to study for a degree program,

large fees to pay,

unknown cultural environment,

another system of Higher education,

to be homesick, etc.

3. Would you like to study in a foreign country? Why (not)?

Task 2

Present your opinion in the form of an essay. The beginning is given to you but you may think of your own first sentence

Study abroad

It is common knowledge that more and more overseas students are seeking a university education in an English–speaking country. What are the reasons people go away to study?

Task 3

Find the information in the Internet and prepare an opinion essay on one of the topics

1. Education as the means of a successful career.

2. The art of studying at college.

3. Obsolete features of “modern” system of education.

4. Education as the process of acquiring knowledge.

Smile with us

Given the task of writing a composition about what they would do if they had a million dol­lars, all children in the class except Willy were busily writing away.

The teacher, becoming aware of his idleness, said severely,

“Willy, don’t you know that you are supposed to tell what you would do if you had a million dol­lars?”

“Well,” said the boy, lazily leaning back on his chair, “this is exactly what I would do if I had a mil­lion dollars.”

Lesson 5. Value of Higher Education

Task 1. Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

What can higher education give to the individual and what can an educated individual give to the society he lives in?

Active Vocabulary

Task 1

Pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. value – ценность

2. society – общество

3. to make a choice – делать выбор

4. to be based on – основываться на

5. needs – потребности

6. wants – желания

7. to take into account – принимать во внимание

8. foundation – фундамент, основание

9. to recognize – осознавать

10. to participate – принимать участие

11. properly – надлежащим образом

12. an asset – капитал, имущество

13. to open up – сделать доступным

14. job market – рынок труда

15. to be restricted to – быть ограниченным

16. occupation – профессия

17. confidence – уверенность

18. life situation – жизненная ситуация

19. to express oneself – выразить себя

20. to deal with – иметь дело с

21. to gather knowledge – накапливать знания

22. ambiguous – двусмысленный

23. material possessions – материальное имущество

24. to measure – измерять

25. to pursue – искать, добиваться

Task 2

Match the Russian word combinations with their English equivalents.

принимать участие делать выбор воспользоваться преимуществом рынок труда выразить себя накапливать знания иметь дело с основываться на искать, добиваться принимать во внимание

a. to make a choice b. to take into account c. to pursue d. to be based on e. to gather knowledge f. job market j. to participate h. to take full advantage of i. to express oneself j. to deal with

Task 3

Read and translate the sentences. Try to explain the meaning of the words and word combinations in bold

1. What kind of person can be called a confident one?

2. Can we measure the value of education?

3. It often happens in life that our needs do not correspond to our abilities.

4. He has a lot to show but it is very difficult for him to express himself.

5. She doesn’t take into account people differences. It results in her loneliness.

Lead-in

Task 1

Try to answer the following questions using your background knowledge

1. Why is higher education important nowadays?

2. What possibilities does it give to the graduates?

3. Is it necessary to go the university in order to be an educated person?

4. Should the higher education of an individual relate to the needs of the society he lives in?

5. Can you define the personal and societal value of higher education?

Reading

Task 1

Read and translate the text. Enumerate its main ideas

Value of Higher education

Our society was designed to give individuals the chance to make choices based on their own needs and wants. Certainly the needs of the society as a whole must be taken into account but the foundation remains the individual. People must have the ability to recognize their own needs and the needs of the overall society. In order to participate properly they must understand the rules of the game. Such sophistication does not come naturally; it must be taught. This cannot be done without proper education.

What is the value of higher education for the individual?

Sometimes it is difficult to see the exact value of your education. However finishing university is an asset that everyone with the opportunity should take full advantage of. Just finishing higher school alone opens up thousands more opportunities for individuals. When entering a specific field within the job market, it is often required that the applicant has a higher school diploma. Therefore, many times without the higher school diploma, a person is restricted to a smaller number of occupations for which they are qualified for. Higher school teaches students to learn. It gives them a background in many different subjects and methods of learning. An understanding of how the world works is a very important skill for a person who is living in our world today.

A higher school education gives student the experience and the confidence that they will be able to use in many life situations. Attending higher school gives students opportunities to express themselves and to learn about other people and their ideas. Having the knowledge obtained in higher school often gives people confidence later in life when they are dealing with the public. It can give a person confidence in the way that they view their abilities later in life.

In order for society to advance our society must be educated. As a higher school education is free, people should take advantage of the wonderful opportunity that they are and try to gather all the knowledge that they possibly can.

Years ago I saw a poster that depicted a mansion situated on a cliff overlooking the ocean. There were several expensive automobiles in the garages. At the bottom was a phrase stating “The Value of Education.” This simple statement is wonderfully ambiguous: does it mean that an education is valuable because it will enable one to get such luxury, or that an education will help one to understand that life is not really about such material possessions?

My view is that the value of education is best measured by what graduates do with their lives.

Task 2

Answer the questions using the information in the text

What is important to take into account while choosing the occupation?

1. What are the advantages of having a higher school diploma?

2. What is the main function of any higher school?

3. What skills and opportunities does the higher school give to students?

4. What does the society need educated individuals for?

Task 3

Can you comment the last sentence of the text? What does it imply?

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1

Fill in the correct word from the list below: proper, wants, value, to pursue, possessions, ambiguous, properly, job, to make, life. Consult the text if necessary

1. an __________ statement

2. material __________

3. _____ situation

4. ________ gathering knowledge

5. ________ choices

6. exact ______

7. ____ market

8. needs and ______

9. to participate _______

10. _______ education

Exercise 2

Insert the prepositions where necessary

1. to take _____ account

2. to be based ___

3. value __ education

4. to take full advantage ___

5. to open ___

6. to be restricted ___

7. to be qualified ___

8. to deal ____

9. to express ____ themselves

Exercise 3

Make up 15 sentences with the word combinations from Exercises 1 and 2

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Ask Yes/No questions to the following statements

Example: Phil studies at the faculty of Engineering.

Does Phil study at the faculty of Engineering?

1. Individuals make choices based on their own needs.

2. The students are writing an exam paper.

3. Last year Ann entered the university.

4. They were watching TV when the thunderstorm began.

5. Next weekend his parents shall spend in Italy.

6. Kate will be dealing with her term paper tomorrow at 5.

7. We have taken the full advantage of the knowledge got at the university.

8. My sister had already left for Paris when I came to visit her.

9. By 2008 he will have completed the course of study at the university.

10. She has completely expressed herself in her work.

Exercise 2

Ask Special questions to the underlined words

Example: I want to get a good education. – What do you want?

1. The aim of education is to give people the possibility to understand their needs.

2. There is an opinion that in modern society material values dominate over the cultural ones.

3. He decided to become a teacher because he thinks it is one of the possibilities to influence on history.

4. Kevin participated in the competition and won the prize.

5. It is difficult to measure the value of education.

6. She expresses herself in music.

7. The work has been done properly.

8. All the values of speed were calculated.

9. He took advantage of the opportunity and entered Stanford University.

10. Kelly has obtained enough knowledge in graduate school to become a qualified engineer.

Exercise 3

Match question tags with the appropriate statement

Example: It isn’t cold, is it?

1. This statement is ambiguous, a. does he?

2. We have passed all the exams, b. aren’t they?

3. She is writing a book. c. isn’t it?

4. He doesn’t know the answer, d. isn’t she?

5. Nothing can stop us, e. can it?

6. Ann has posted the letter, f. haven’t we?

7. They have never been to Paris, g. will they?

8. Kate doesn’t like this professor, h. has she?

9. They won’t tell anyone, i. have they?

10. They are working hard, j. does she?

Discussion

Task 1

What are the things among the enumerated below that will be difficult for you to live without? Make up a list of things in the order of importance and explain your choice. Compare it with your partner’s list

Health

Happiness of your relatives

Well-paid job

A good family

Safety

Self-realization

Usefulness for the society you live in

Wealth

Spiritual wealth

Fame

Start your explanations with the following phrase

In the first place of my preference list I placed …. . I have chosen it because I think that ….

Then use the following logical connectors of order.

Secondly, in the third place, the fourth in the list is, further I placed, then, after that, finally.

Task 2

Make up a dialogue

Student A

You have a sister/brother who doesn’t want to get a higher education. What arguments will you use to persuade him/her that higher education is essential nowadays?

Student B

You don’t want to get a higher education, as you don’t want to spend 5 years of your life studying at some higher institution. You strongly believe that it is impossible to acquire the necessary practical skills by writing lectures and working at seminars.

Homework

Task 1

Match synonyms and make up sentences with the word expressions in column B

Column A Column B

1. to take into account a. to take part

2. to recognize b. to achieve

3. to participate c. to realize

4. occupation d. to develop

5. to make choice e. not clear

6. to advance f. to have to do with

7. to deal with g. to choose

8. ambiguous h. to seize the opportunity

9. to take advantage of j. to pay attention to

10. to pursue i. profession

Task 2

Translate from Russian into English

1. Когда человек выбирает профессию ему необходимо учитывать интересы общества, в котором он живет.

2. Социальный заказ общества это потребность в подготовке специалистов в определенной области знаний.

3. Выбор человека должен основываться на его личных интересах.

4. Не все выпускники школы готовы сделать сознательный выбор.

5. В чем же ценность высшего образования для человека?

6. Ценность высшего образования заключается не в количестве полученных знаний, а в умении думать и анализировать.

7. Высшее учебное заведение дает человеку знания, опыт профессиональной деятельности и уверенность в том, что эти опыт и знания пригодятся ему в реальных жизненных ситуациях.

8. Образование может помочь человеку понять себя и выразить себя в выбранной профессии.

9. Люди должны воспользоваться прекрасной возможностью получения высшего образования, хотя поступить в вуз становиться тяжелее с каждым годом.

10. Ценность образования измеряется тем, помогло ли оно человеку найти свою дорогу в жизни.

Task 3

Ask all the possible questions to the following sentences

Example: He chose his occupation when he was 12 years old.

1. Did he choose his occupation when he was 12 years old? (Yes/No question)

2. He chose his occupation when he was 12 years old, didn’t he? (Tag question)

3. Did he choose his occupation or hobby when he was 12 years old? (Alternative question)

4. Who chose the occupation at the age of 12? (Wh-question)

5. What did he do when he was 12 years old? (Wh-question)

6. What did he choose when he was 12 years old? (Wh-question)

7. When did he choose his occupation? (Wh-question)

Task 4

Ask questions starting with the following question–words

1. What

2. Why

3. Where

4. Who

5. Whose

6. When

7. How much

8. How long

Speaking

Task 5

Read the statement. What does it imply? Try to explain its meaning in your own words

The aim of education is the knowledge not of fact, but of values.

William Inge

Task 6

Prepare a talk about the prevalence of values over the actions we perform and things we do in our life

Task 7

Choose one of the expressions below and write an Argumentative Essay where you are to express your agreement or disagreement with the chosen statement about the purpose of education. Do not forget to give your arguments to support your point of view

1. Education is for improving the lives of others and for leaving your community and world better than you found it Marian Wright

2. Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. Will Durant

3. The aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think, than what to think – rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the memory with thoughts of other men. Bill Beattie

Lesson 6. South Ural State University

Task 1. Brainstorming activity

Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it

What are the pros and cons of studying at the South Ural State University?

Active Vocabulary

Task 1

Listen and repeat the word expressions after the speaker

1. branch – филиал

2. a regional campus – областное отделение

3. a linguistic center – лингвистический центр

4. a gifted child center – центр одаренного ребенка

5. to be keen on – страстно увлекаться

6. an “Applicant” center – центр “Абитуриент”

7. postgraduate education – аспирантура

8. an assistant professor – доцент

9. Open Institute – Институт Открытого образования

10. e-subscriptions – электронная подписка на журналы

11. open access – открытый доступ

12. to exploit – использовать

13. to introduce – внедрять

14. to prolong – продлять

15. multimedia information complexes – мультимедийные информационные

комплексы

16. a digital control language laboratory– лингафонный кабинет

17. a code gram set – набор кодаграм

18. to be noted for – быть известным за

19. to account for – объяснять, являться причиной

20. to a large extent – в большой степени

21. personal teaching – индивидуальное обучение

22. exposition – изложение

23. to attract – привлекать внимание

24. to be idle – бездействовать

25. a dreadful ordeal – ужасное испытание

26. to assemble – собираться

27. torture – пытка

28. to emerge – появляться

29. to stagger – идти шатаясь

Lead-in

Task 1

Look at the reasons of choosing the university to study at and select the five most

important ones from your point of view

1. It must be highly competitive.

2. It must give a high quality of education.

3. It must be well-known abroad.

4. It must have well-equipped laboratories.

5. It must use effective teaching methods.

6. It must be not far from my home.

7. It must suggest the flexibility of curriculum.

8. It must provide students with textbooks and additional information resources.

Task 2

If you had the possibility to choose the university what university would you choose among the suggested ones? Give reasons for your choice

1. South Ural State University

2. Moscow State University

3. Novosibirsk State University

4. Stanford University (the USA)

5. Oxford University (Great Britain)

Task 3

Answer the questions using your background knowledge about the SUSU

University

1. Why did you decide to enter the South Ural State University?

2. How many faculties does it have?

3. What do you know about the university you study at?

4. What youth organizations does it have?

5. How is the process of study organized?

6. What is it famous for?

Reading

Task 1

Read the text and do the tasks after it

South Ural State University

SUSU is one of the largest universities of Russia. It was founded in 1943. SUSU has 33 faculties, 13 branches and 8 regional campuses. There is a linguistic center where you can get a second higher education in the field of linguistics, a gifted child center whose purpose is to develop creativity in children, School of Physics and Mathematics for the schoolchildren keen on math and physics, the “Applicant” center that prepares school graduates to enter our university, and specialized preparation courses on different subjects.

The postgraduate education offers courses in 70 specializations.

Over 50,000 students are enrolled at the University full-time. The teaching staff includes 1900 teachers: 265 Doctors of Sciences, Professors; 857 Candidates of Sciences, Assistant Professors, over 90 members of foreign and Russian academies. Our lecturers successfully use new teaching methods.

In 2004 on the basis of SUSU the Open Institute was established. It opens its doors for all the people wishing to get a higher education regardless of their age and place of living. This is a new way to deliver education called Distance study that incorporates different kinds of modern technologies and methods of teaching.

The SUSU scientific library is the largest one in Chelyabinsk. It has more than 2,5million volumes, journals, periodicals, e-subscriptions. One of these years the library plans to organize the reading hall similar to that in Western universities. It will be a reading hall with open access. Open access means that the students do not need to stand in a line for hours to take a book they need, but they will be able to go around the reading hall with lots of bookshelves, choose the book they like, read it sitting at a comfortable study and put it back into special baskets after they finish reading. Moreover the SUSU scientific library successfully exploits modern technologies and introduces the new electronic system that will allow students to order and prolong books electronically using their home computers.

SUSU is a basic educational institution of Russian Ministry of Education on developing new teaching methods, and introduction of new study equipment. The novelties, introduced in teaching process are multimedia information complexes for lecture theaters, digital control language laboratories, study-laboratory complexes and code gram sets on various disciplines.

South Ural State University is noted for its students and the teaching staff, democratic in their composition and views. To a large extent it is exactly that fact that accounts for the popularity among the undergraduates, the teachers and the tutors of progressive scientific and social ideas. The University has trained 115,000 specialists, 2,100 Candidates of Sciences and 440 Doctors of Sciences. Many graduates are members of governing body of Russia and Chelyabinsk region, among them V. Khristenko, Prime Minister of Russia; A. Pochinok, Minister on Labour and Social politics; P. Sumin, Chelyabinsk region Governer; V. Tarasov, Chelyabinsk mayor and others.

About 6,500 students live in the University hostel. There is a student theater “Mannequin”, modern dance, ballroom dance, a jazz ensemble, 2 choirs, the University has a modern sports complex with a swimming pool. Since 1956 university newspaper “Technopolis” has been published. In 2002 a new teleradiocentre was opened.

Did you know that SUSU is the highest building in Chelyabinsk?

Its height is 72 meters.

Task 2

Answer the questions to the text

1. How old is the university?

2. What special organizations does it have to help applicants to enter the University?

3. What facts prove that it is one of the largest universities in Russia?

4. What distinguishes the Open University from a traditional one?

5. What special services does the SUSU scientific library provide for the users?

6. What are the novelties introduced into teaching process?

7. Can you name some of the well-known SUSU graduates?

8. What social activities can students take part in?

Task 3

What facts do you know about the SUSU that were not mentioned in the text? Share them with the groupmates

Task 4

Make the plan for the text

Task 5

If you were asked to give the three most striking facts about the university what facts would you choose?

Task 6

Find additional information about the following organizations and places of the university

1. School of Physics and Mathematics

2. Linguistic Center

3. “Applicant” center

4. Gifted Child Center

5. SUSU Scientific library

6. Open Institute

7. Mechanical and Technological Faculty

8. University Newspaper “Technopolis”

9. SUSU International Department

10. SUSU Teleradiocenter

Present the information you find to your groupmates using the following scheme:

1. Place (Where is it located in the university?)

2. Year of foundation (When was it founded?)

3. Purpose of creation (What for was it created?)

4. Activities (What services does it provide?)

5. Benefits (What benefits does it provide for those who participated (schoolchildren, students)?)

Speaking

Task 1

A delegation of students and teachers from Cambridge are on a visit to your university. You are asked to tell the guests about it. Present information on:

1. the name of your university;

2. the place it is situated;

3. the departments there are at your university (day-time, correspondence, distance, evening);

4. the time the complete course of study lasts;

5. the number of students who study at the university;

6. information resources

7. the equipment the university provided with;

8. the students life;

9. what you like and what you don’t like about your university.

Start your tour with the following phrase:

Dear guests, I would like to give you a tour about our university.

You may use the following algorithm:

1. Greeting Dear guests, I would like to give you a tour about our university.

2. Facts about the university

First I’d like to give you some general information about our university.

Our university is called …….

It is situated in ……

There are ……. day–time faculties at our university.

The teaching staff accounts to …..

The complete course of study lasts …..

After a successful completion of a course of study a student gets a Specialist degree.

There about ……. students studying at the university.

I am a student of the ………. faculty.

I study such subjects as ………..

3. Teaching aids

Now I’d like to say a few words about the teaching aids used to improve the educational process.

There are a number of well-equipped laboratories in the university.

The modern teaching aids used are …….

4. Information resources

As for the provision with information resources out university is among the leaders.

The SUSU scientific library is ….

It contains a great number of resources ….

5. Students life

Both students and the administration of the university understand that much work and no joy make students dull people.

That’s why there are quite a number of university organisations occupied with providing an active social life of students.

They are ………..

6. Personal opinion

What I like about the university is ……

On the other hand, there are some things to improve.

They are….

Nevertheless our university is one of the best higher institutions in Russia.

Vocabulary Practice

Task 1

Fill in the correct word from the list below: equipment, dreadful, personal, open, education, regional, linguistic, reading, complex, assistant

1. a _________ campus

2. a _________ center

3. postgraduate ________

4. an _________ professor

5. _____ access

6. sports _______

7. ________teaching

8. a ________ordeal

9. a _______ hall

10. study _______

Task 2

Insert the right verb phrases into the sentences using the appropriate Tense form: to be founded in, to prolong, to be noted for, to account for, to a large extent, to exploit, to be keen on, to emerge.

1. Technologically minded teachers of the university ________ computer technologies into academic practice.

2. Students that _______ Maths, Physics, Programming can take part in competitions and take some additional training.

3. If you want ______ the book you need to come to the library.

4. Our university __________ its graduates who work in different spheres of industry and social life.

5. Moscow State University ______________ 1755 on the initiative of the great Russian scientist Mikhail Lomonosov.

6. As science is rapidly developed new technologies ________ every day.

7. _________ the popularity of the university among the applicants depends on the high standard of education provided.

8. The fact that university is considered to be one of the best higher educational institutions in Russia ________ high competition among the applicants.

Task 3

Use the phrases from exercises 1 and 2 to make up 10 sentences of your own

Grammar Exercises

Exercise 1

Look at what Jenny and Mark hope will happen in the future. Make sentences using If I, …… I will…..

Example: If I don’t go out so much, I will do more work.

Jenny Mark

If I do more work If I stop smoking

– pass my exams – have more money

– go to university – save some money every week

– study how to run a business – rich when I am thirty

– become a businesswomen – have my own business

– earn a large sum of money – make a lot of money

– travel all over the world – retire when I am forty

Exercise 2

What will you do in the following situations? Complete the sentences

1. If I study hard I will ……

2. If I get a well-paid job I will ….

3. If I miss the classes I will ….

4. If I have a holiday abroad I will ….

5. If I graduate from the university I will ….

6. If I fall ill I will ….

7. If I see my friend has problems I will ….

8. If I have some free time I will ….

9. If I see the book I like I will ….

10. If the weather is fine tomorrow I will ….

11. It I finish my homework early this evening I will ….

Exercise 3

One of you is going for a holiday to an exotic country. The other sees all the problems. Use the prompts to discuss the problems

Example: A – What will you do if the weather is bad?

B – I will read books and go to discos.

A – you don’t like the food?

– there is nowhere to go in the evening?

– you lose your money?

– you don’t understand the language?

– you don’t know anyone?

– you feel homesick?

– you lose your passport?

Exercise 4

Make up 2 Chain stories. Look at the situations, and then continue these people thoughts

Situation 1

If I don’t finish this work in time, I will not get a promotion.

Situation 2

If I don’t write my essay I will not get a credit in the major.

Situation 3

If I enter Oxford University, I will be the most diligent student.

Communication

Task 1

Make up a dialogue. One of you reads the task on Card 1 and the other reads the task on Card 2. Use the common phrases to ask for the information

Card 1

You are an English student. You are to write an article about a typical Russian University. By chance you happened to visit the South Ural State University. You are to gather as much information as possible. You have heard about this university before and you know that there are such places as School of Physics and Mathematics,

Linguistic Center, “Applicant” center, Gifted Child Center, Open Institute, SUSU Teleradiocenter. Find out where these places are situated in the university and what types of activities do they perform.

Card 2

You are an active member of the Students’ Union and you are accustomed to make tours about the university. So it’s natural that you know the most interesting places of the university. Your task is to be very helpful and provide the English student with all the necessary information about the university.

Asking for Information

There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common

Could you tell me...? Не могли бы вы мне сказать…?

Do you know...? Не знаете ли вы…?

Do you happen to know...? Может быть, вы знаете…?

I’d like to know... Я бы хотел узнать…?

Could you find out...? Не могли бы вы мне объяснить…?

I’m interested in a post office near here. Нет ли тут по близости почты.

I’m looking for.. Я ищу ….

Homework

Task 1

Complete the facts about the South Ural State University using the following phrases: a linguistic center, e–subscriptions, postgraduate courses, information resources, Open Institute, to be founded in, to introduce, an assistant professor.

1. The South Ural State University ________ 1943 on the basis of two plants.

2. There is ___________ in our university where you can improve your knowledge of English and get additional qualification.

3. If you want to continue your education the university offers __________ in more than 70 specialties.

4. The purpose of the ___________founded on the basis of SUSU is to reach people in distant rural and mountainous areas.

5. ________ allow students to search information using electronic versions of journals.

6. The administration of the South Ural State University __________ new technologies into the educational process.

7. A person can apply for a position of __________ if he performs some research and has publications.

8. Our scientific library is rich in _________ .

Task 2

Translate the sentences from Russian into English

1. Южно-Уральский Государственный Университет известен в стране благодаря своим выпускникам.

2. Наш университет был основан в 1943 году.

3. Если вы хотите подготовиться к поступлению в университет вам нужно посещать курсы в центре “Абитуриент”.

4. В образовательном процессе активно используются информационные технологии, такие как мультимедийные информационные комплексы.

5. ЮУрГУ выпустил 115,000 специалистов. 2,100 из них стали кандидатами наук и 440 – докторами наук.

6. В университет функционирует телерадиоцентр, целью которого является освещение событий, происходящих в университете, создание телепередач о жизни студентов.

7. При выборе университета, в котором вы хотите учиться, нужно обратить внимание на качество предоставляемых образовательных услуг.

8. Большое внимание уделяется внеурочной деятельности студентов.

Task 3

Finish the sentences

1. If I pass my exams successfully I will ….

2. If I graduate from the university I will …

3. If I find a well-paid job I will ….

4. If I earn a lot of money I will …

5. If I failed my exam I will…

6. If I don’t come in time for my classes I won’t ….

7. If I don’t do my homework I won’t …

8. If I don’t get a diploma I won’t ,,,

9. If I don’t have enough rest I won’t…

10. If I don’t go to the library to prepare for the practice I won’t …

Task 4

Read the text and say if it is difficult to study at Oxford

Student life at Oxford

What is it like, being a student at Oxford? Like all British universities, Oxford is a state university, not a private one. Students are selected on the basis of their results in the national examinations or the special Oxford entrance examination. There are many applicants, and nobody can get a place by paying a fee. Successful candidates are admit­ted to a specified college of the university: that will be their home for the next three years (the normal period for an undergraduate degree), and for longer it they are admitted to study for a post­graduate degree. They will be mostly taught by tutors from their own college.

Teaching is pleasantly informal and personal: a typical undergraduate will spend an hour a week with his or her 'tutor', perhaps in the company of one other stu­dent. Each of them will have written an essay for the tutor, which serves as the basis for discussion, argument, the exposition of ideas and academic methods. At the end of the hour the students go away with a new essay title and a list of books that might be helpful in preparing for the essay.

Other kinds of teaching such as lectures and seminars are normally optional: popular lecturers can attract audiences from several faculties, while others may find themselves speaking to two or three loyal students, or maybe to no one at all. So, in theory, if you are good at reading, thinking and writing quickly, you can spend five days out of seven being idle: sleeping, taking part in sports, in student clubs, in acting and singing, in arguing, drinking, having parties, in practice, most students at Oxford are enthusiastic about the academic life, and many of the more conscientious ones work for days at each essay, sometimes sitting up through the night with a wet towel round their heads.

At the end of three years, all students face a dreadful ordeal, “Finals”, the final examinations. The victims are obliged to dress up for the occasion in black and white, an old-fashioned ritual that may help to calm the nerves. They go into the huge examination building and sit for three hours writing what they hope is beautiful prose on half-remembered or strangely forgotten subjects. In the afternoon they assemble for another three hours of writing. After four or five days of this torture they emerge and stagger out for the biggest party of them all.

Task 5

Find proofs in the text to the following:

1. Teaching at Oxford is informal.

2. Teaching at Oxford is personal.

3. “Finals” is a dreadful ordeal.

4. You can’t buy a place to study at Oxford.

Speaking

How does your life at South Ural State University differ from that of a British student? Do they have anything in common? Describe the life of a Russian student. Do not forget to mention:

1. Procedure of entering the university.

2. Teaching (formal/informal, personal/impersonal).

3. Free time.

4. Exams.

Lesson 7. My Future Specialty

Task 1

Brainstorming activity

Try to give all the possible answers to the following question

Why do you think students choose this or that speciality?

Active vocabulary

Task 1

Read the Active Vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher

1. artificial intelligence – искусственный интеллект

2. since – как правило

3. school-leaver – выпускник

4. to face − cталкиваться

5. computer science – вычислительная техника (область знаний)

теория вычислительных машин и систем

6. support engineer – инженер технической поддержки

7. eliminate – исключать

8. to provide – обеспечивать

9. hardware design – проектирование оборудования

10. in one’s own right – сам по себе, благодаря собственным

заслугам, самостоятельный

11. consumer – потребитель

12. remote – удаленный

13. troubleshoot – искать локализовать

14. systems software – системное программное обеспечение

15. to be in demand in – пользоваться спросом в

16. to be likely – быть вероятным

17. to cope with – справляться с ч.–л.

18. to take a post-graduate course – поступить в аспирантуру

19. to make final decision – принимать окончательное решение

20. to be qualified – получить диплом

21. would-be specialist – потенциальный, будущий специалист

Lead-in

Task 1

Look at the job titles and say where each person works.

Researcher Physicist Flight Attendant

Executive Teacher Programmer

Task 2

Which of the jobs: are

• done indoors/ outdoors?

• require qualifications?

• have career prospects?

• are well-paid/poorly-aid?

• need the most training?

• are the hardest?

• need a degree?

Which of the jobs do you personally find: rewarding, secure, creative, stressful?

Task 3

Think of a job and talk about it without telling anyone what the job is.

The class have to guess which job you have chosen. Talk about

• What you do

• Qualities you need for the job

• Salary

• Reasons you like/dislike it

Task 4

Paraphrase the quotations. Which do you agree with? Why? Why not?

Discuss them in pairs

I’d rather be a happy street cleaner than an unhappy millionaire.

It doesn’t matter what job you do. It’s how you do it.

Task 5

Which of the following people could help you most in choosing a career? Why?

Parents, teachers, friends, relatives

Model: To me, the people who could help me most in choosing a career would be my teacher because…

Task 6

Which of the following is the most important to you when deciding on a career? Rank them (starting with the most important) and then compare your list to your partner’s.

• long-term career prospects

• personal satisfaction

• a good salary

• an opportunity to travel

• using your initiative

• a chance to meet a lot of people

• a possibility to use your creativity

Task 7

Look at these nouns describing positive qualities: patience, emotional strength, intelligence, care, calmness, honesty, punctuality, decisiveness, creativity.

Task 8

Give the adjectives made from the nouns of Task 7

Example: A person who has (possesses) patience, is a patient person.

Task 9

What qualities in the list are necessary for the job of a support ingineer, physicist? Explain your choice.

Reading

Task1

Look through the text and name the part of speech of the words in bold type, group them on the principle of the part of speech: nouns, adjectives, adverbs.

Task 2

Read the text and write out the words pertaining to the topic of Computer Science

My Specialty is Computer Science

As it is known the success or failure of adult life depends upon the choice made early in life. That’s why every school-leaver faces the problem of choosing his/her future profession. It should not only be interesting to you, but provide a certain standard of living.

I have always been interested in computer science. It is a remarkably young field. The first electronic computers were first developed only fifty years ago. Since then they have become part of our everyday life. We encounter daily a lot of computers, phones and consumer electronics with built-in microchips. They are now part of many machines and devices, which provide safer environment, improve energy efficiency in cars, provide call forwarding and call answering in phones. Due to them computer equipment is getting smaller, more sophisticated and more intelligent.

I’ve chosen the Faculty of Electronics at the South Ural State University, because graduates of the faculty are highly demanded everywhere. The faculty aims at giving the students the top level education and to enable them to carry out scientific research work. You can study at one of the following departments of the faculty: automation and control; radio equipment design and manufacture; information measuring instruments; control systems; radio engineering systems; digital radio engineering systems; electronic computers; automatic systems of information. On graduating from the university you can be qualified as a Specialist in IT, a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.); a Master of Science (M. Sc). You can also continue your studies and research at the post-graduate course and get a scientific degree in computer science.

There are a lot of jobs in computing. A Webmaster administrates a Web server, a security specialist tests the security of networks systems and advises customers and software users how to introduce and maintain security policies; a systems programmer specializes in writing systems software; an IT support engineer provides help for computer users by designing, building and maintaining information technology systems; an IT systems manager is responsible for developing and implementing computer software that supports the operations of the business; a systems analyst studies systems in an organization and decides how to computerize them; an application programmer writes application programs.

Graduates of the faculty of Electronics are expected to work at state and municipal systems of management, in different corporations and firms dealing with application of modern administrative and information analytical technologies. In general, you can work in the fields of management, industry and production, medicine, business and entertainment, etc.

As to me, I haven’t made my mind yet what field to specialize in. I am going to make my final decision when I am in my fifth year. It is really difficult to become a highly skilled specialist in any field of computer science. One should be well-educated and broad-minded. I am sure I’ll do my best to become a good specialist whatever field I choose.

Task 3

Look through the text again and answer the questions:

1. When a person leaves High School, he understands that the time to choose his future profession has come.

2. As for me, I am a future systems analyst.

3. I have always been interested in computer science.

4. I haven’t made up my mind yet to choose a field of computer science to specialize in.

5. After graduation from the SUSU graduates may have many options to consider in terms of pursuing their interest in the field.

6. Many students are attracted to the computer science major because it is likely to be closely connected with their future job.

7. At present I would like to be a good specialist whatever field I choose.

Task 4

Look through each paragraph once again and name the key words, make up sentences of your own with them

Vocabulary exercises

Exercise 1

Match the phrase and its translation

as to me	интересоваться
failure	область знаний
to specialize in	средняя школа
environment	безусловно, несомненно
encounter	развлечение
to be interested in	(окружающая) среда
school leaver	специализироваться в
	что касается меня
standard of living maintain	управление обслуживать сложный
sophisticated	сталкиваться
management	уровень жизни
entertainment	неудача

Exercise 2

Match the words to make up correct phrases, translate them into Russian

computer	programs
security	design
application	software
adult	policy
support call	engineer science
scientific	degree
radio equipment	life
software	forwarding

Exercise 3

Match the words with the proper prepositions

in terms ___	with
to be in demand __	of
with the aid ___	in
to specialize ___	from
to cope ___	in
to graduate ___	of

Exercise 4

Make up sentences of your own using the vocabulary of exercises 2, 3 and 4.

Exercise 5

Translate into Russian

1. Undoubtedly a strong character is in demand in many companies.

2. A would–be specialist should improve his abilities in the course of five years.

3. It’s important to cope with stress before and after the entrance competitive exams.

4. One has to defend his thesis to get a degree in computer science.

5. Software theory is likely to develop over the time.

6. A freshman is a student in his own right.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1

Read the sentences and identify the types of conditionals. Which refers to the

present/past?

1. If I didn’t know how to handle a firm, I would go bankrupt.

2. If Tom had studied hard he would have passed all the exams.

Exercise 2

Read the sentences. Which expresses an unreal situation in the present? Which expresses regret about the past event?

1. I wish I hadn’t left school (but I did)

2. I wish I earned more money. (but I don’t’)

Exercise 3

Make wishes for the following situations

Example: You lied to your best friend. – I wish I hadn’t lied to my best friend.

1. You failed your exams.

2. You were not patient enough with your mother.

3. You don’t have a well-paid job.

4. You can’t cope with the stressful situation.

5. You are too impressionable.

6. You can’t take control of the situation.

7. Your teacher doesn’t treat all the students equally.

8. You didn’t do your best to perform the task.

Exercise 4

Fill in the correct tense

1. If I hadn’t lied to my boss, he __________ (not/fire) me.

2. I wish I ___________ (not/spend) so much money on clothes. Now, I can’t pay the phone bill.

3. If he ___________ (have), he would give us a lift.

4. If she were qualified, she _________ (find) a goof job.

5. If he _________ (find) a job, he wouldn’t ask the money.

6. I wish I _________ (not/have to) work such long hours. Then, I could spend more time with my son.

7. If you keep coming to work late, you __________ (lose) your job.

8. If he had left on time, he ________ (not/be) late for the meeting.

9. If you stopped smoking, you ________ (be) in better health.

10. I wish you _________ (follow) her advice. If you had followed it, you _________ (not/lose) all your money.

Exercise 5

Complete the sentences. What would you do in the following situations?

1. If I won one million dollars I would …

2. If I had a magic stick I would …

3. If I were the rector of the SUSU I would....

4. If I had a possibility to study abroad I would ...

5. If I were the ruler of the world I would …

6. If I had chosen another speciality I would (wouldn’t) have Ved …

7. If I hadn’t finished school successfully, I would (wouldn’t) have Ved…

Discussion

Discuss the following questions in groups of three

1. Which is more exciting to be a freshman or a school leaver?

2. When did you choose your future profession? Was it an easy endeavour to cope with?

3. What is your major?

4. What subjects are you likely to study in the course of five years at the University?

5. What do you think are the main character traits for a highly qualified computer specialist?

6. Do you know any programming languages? Name them.

7. Do you think it is necessary to get a scientific degree?

Homework

Task 1

Insert the required form of the verb into the gaps

1. If I were you I _______ (to require) a well-paid job as you have all the necessary qualifications.

2. If he ____ (to be) open to other people opinions he would not be so stubborn.

3. She would not have lost control over the children if she _______ (to be) more patient with them.

4. If our teacher of Maths treated all the students equally he _______ (not to raise the bar) too high for those he doesn’t like.

5. If we _____ (to come) to the party earlier we would have met my uncle.

6. If I _____ (to be) you I wouldn’t be so sensitive.

7. If I could relieve your pain I ______ (to do) everything possible.

8. I wish you _____ (to take control) of the situation.

9. We ___________ (to win) the competition if we had prepared for it properly.

10. If he _____ (to be) a fair teacher he would treat everybody equally.

Task 2

Finish the sentences

1. If I got through these difficulties I would…

2. If I got a well-paid job I would…

3. If I had high expectations I would…

4. If I had a stressful job I would …

5. If I were rich I would….

6. If I were patient to other people opinions I would…

7. If I had a rewarding job I would…

Task 3

Translate the sentences from Russian into English

1. Если бы я не окончил средней школы, я бы не смог стать студентом–первокурсником.

2. С помощью преподавателей в пятилетнем курсе обучения мы освоим такие науки как электроника и архитектура компьютера.

3. Я будущий радиоинженер и, когда я окончу университет, хочу специализироваться в разработке программного обеспечения.

4. Если бы кто-то мог дать четкий ответ, что такое искусственный интеллект, то я бы, несомненно, хотел лично познакомиться с этим человеком.

5. Компьютерная наука – одна из самых быстроразвивающихся областей знаний в современном мире.

6. Чтобы получить научную степень, необходимо усердно работать в течение многих лет и успешно справиться с защитой дипломной работы.

Task 4

Read the text below. Do you find you have the required qualities? Read and translate the text, comment on it

Computer Support Specialists

Computer Support Specialists are responsible for providing technical assistance and many forms of computer-related support to a wide variety of potential customers, clients, and employers. The field is rapidly growing, due to the fact that nearly every company now uses computers (as do individuals) and needs specialists to support them. The explosion in the use of computers has created a big demand for specialists who provide advice to users, as well as those who troubleshoot problems and/or perform the day-to-day administration, maintenance, and support of computer systems and networks. Typical duties for a computer support specialist may include daily oversight of a firm’s computer systems, responding to calls for assistance from the organization’s computer users, repair of computer hardware and software, and training users in the use of new computer programs.

A computer support specialist analyzes problems by using automated diagnostic programs, helps clients with hardware/software installation, printing, word processing, e-mail, and operating systems; provides assistance when computers crash; provides advice to customers; trains users in the proper use of hardware and software.

In a profession which involves a lot of interaction with customers and fellow employees, specialists are also susceptible to both the good and the bad consequences of dealing with the public. Specialists who work as consultants tend to spend a significant amount of time away from their offices, sometimes spending weeks or months working at a client’s locale. On the other hand, expansion of computer networks is allowing a growing number of support specialists to provide technical support from remote locations, reducing or eliminating the need to travel as often to the customer’s workplace.

Students interested in becoming computer support specialists need to have strong problem-solving, analytical, and (most especially) communication skills in order to effectively troubleshoot problems and help customers. The need to continually interface with customers, employees and other computer personnel requires a specialist to be able to communicate effectively in many different ways: in person, over the phone, via e-mail, and on paper. Strong writing skills are useful not only in communicating, but also in preparing manuals and instructions for employees and customers.

Discussion

Task 1

What are your ideas about a Computer Support specialist? What should he/she be like? Share you ideas with your group mates.

Grammar Tables