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2. Task: Students have to define

a) Advantages and disadvantages of invention.

b) Decide what good and bad points we have in our life with them.

c) Make a conclusion whether it is a necessity or a threat to our life if we are

not aware of modern invention dangers.

d) What coincides?

3. Tell about positive and negative sides of one of these things. Try to

prove your point of view.

a calculator to wash the dishes

a video to send and receive urgent messages

a computer to perform everyday cleaning tasks from vacuuming

to cleaning up liquids, dust, and waste and

shampooing carpets

a camera to write programms, play games, find and use

information, etc.

a washing machine to do calculations in sunlight or daylight fax to take

photographs

a dishwasher to cook, defrost, reheat pre-prepared food

a microwave oven to record a programme even when watching

another on a different channel

Text D. Kazakhstan is the third in CIS by inventions.

1. Read and answer the questions:

1. What modern inventions of Kazakhstan do you know?

2. What are the top inventions of all time?

3. How often does an invention change the world?

4. What are the world greatest inventions for you?

5. Do inventions make our life easier?

Kazakhstan holds the third place by the amount of inventions among CIS countries, yielding the first and second places to Russia and Ukraine.

The National Institute of Intellectual Property in Kazakhstan received 32 857 applications between 1992 and 2010. 28 000 applications were made by Kazakhstan residents. Other applications were registered by foreign companies in order to patent their products at the territory of Kazakhstan. 26 370 inventions have been patented between 1993 and 2010.

“Most of the inventions are associated with satisfying human life necessities. Agriculture, Medicine, Veterinary science, Food are the out front of the list. Chemical and Metallurgical industry are at the second place by the number of issued patents. For example, many countries use environment friendly technology in processing of concentrated lead-zinc products invented in Kazakhstan. Various technological processes are at the third place. Construction and Mining Engineering, Mechanical Science, Lighting and Heating Systems, Physics, Electricity inventions follow them,” Balzhan Kutumova, head of the Research Center said.

2. Look through the text and discuss it in class.

3. Translate these sentences into Russian.

1. The plane was the invention that helped shrink the world and brought distant lands within easy reach of ordinary people.

2. The invention of the petrol engine made flight feasible and the American Wright brothers made the first flight in 1903.

3. The name came from the Greek word for amber and was coined by Elizabeth I's physician William Gilbert who was among those who noticed that amber had the

power to attract light objects after being rubbed.

4. In the 19th century such great names as Michael Faraday, Humphry Davy, Alessandro Volta and Andre Marie Ampere all did vital work on electricity.

5. I don't like seeing more of the reduction in research and development in budgets that has occurred over the last several years. We have so many reasons to increase our innovational drive.

6. We need the new markets and new jobs that innovation has the greatest potential to bring to the table.

DISCOVERIES

Text A. History of mobile phones

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